臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

光纖雷射在許多應用上，可作為不可或缺的光源，其中包含分波多工通訊系統、感測系統…等等。於本論文上，我們主要的研究有兩個部份，第一部份是研究單波長與多波長光纖雷射的設計，我們所提出的雷射主要架構是由光纖元件構成，而後得到穩定的雷射輸出特性，並且可利用可調帶通濾波器(Tunable bandpass filter，TBF)或光纖布拉格光柵(Fiber Bragg Grating，FBG)來達到可調式的單波長或多波長輸出，同時也進行了輸出穩定度的量測與單縱模輸出的驗證。
第二部份是進行光纖感測器系統的研究。我們以波長可調光纖雷射作為光源，並以FBG作為感測器進行的遠程溫度感測。此外，藉由整合波長可調光纖雷射與FBG的應用原理，以做到分佈式光纖感測技術並達到監控的目的。於此我們所提出的光纖雷射設計具有架設簡單與低成本等優點。

目　　錄
誌謝………………………Ⅰ
摘要………………………Ⅱ
Abstract…………Ⅲ
目錄………………………Ⅳ
圖目錄………………………Ⅵ
表目錄………………………Ⅸ
第一章簡介
1-1研究動機………………………1
1-2文獻回顧………………………3
第二章相關原理
2-1光纖的基礎原理………………………15
2-2光纖感測………………………17
2-3光纖布拉格光柵之原理………………………18
2-4多環形振腔光纖雷射架構………………………21
2-5摻鉺光纖放大器………………………23
2-6延遲自零差法(Delayed Self-homodyne Technique)………………………26
第三章三環摻鉺光纖雷射
3-1實驗架構………………………27
3-2結果與討論………………………28
第四章雙環形摻鉺光纖雷射
4-1實驗架構………………………32
4-2結果與討論………………………33
第五章應用光纖布拉格光柵之遠程感測系統
5-1實驗架構………………………38
5-2結果與討論………………………39
第六章結論與未來展望
6-1結論………………………43
6-2未來展望………………………44
參考文獻………………………45
個人著作列………………………51

圖目錄
圖1.1 溫度對布拉格波長波長位移
圖………………………3
圖1.2 溫度感測架構………………………4
圖1.3 Bare FBG和Buffered FBG的溫度靈敏度線性圖………………………4
圖1.4 長距離光纖光柵傳感系統與無源多環結構………………………5
圖1.5 所提出的長距離光纖布拉格感測器實驗架構………………………6
圖1.6 所提出的基於光纖光柵傳感系統的波長從1527.6到1556.0nm，(a)一般量測；(b)接上4X4耦合………………………7
圖1.7 所提出的感測器架構在”b”點斷裂時，(a)光開關1路線；(b)
光開關2路………………………8
圖1.8 溫度變化時FBG31 波長位移頻譜圖………………………8
圖1.9 所提出的感測器架構在”FBG22”點斷裂時，(a)光開關1路線；(b)光開關2路線………………………9
圖1.10 所提出的單縱模雙波長光纖雷射配合高消光比的雙通MZI………………………11
圖1.11 量測的光頻譜，(a)TBPF；(b) MZI w/o ISO；(c)兩者結合………………………12
圖1.12 所提出的雙波長雷射輸出穩定度觀察………………………12
圖1.13 所提出的雙波長雷射電頻譜，(a)高消光比雙通MZI；(b)傳統MZI………………………13
圖1.14 將TBPF 由1530調到1567.5 nm 此範圍中所的到得到的雙波
長頻譜………………………14
圖1.15 半自由光頻譜雙通MZI，(a)光頻譜圖；(b)電頻譜圖………………………14
圖2.1 光纖剖面圖………………………15
圖2.2 單模光纖的損耗與波長關係
圖………………………16
圖2.3 高頻電線與單模光纖頻寬變化的比較………………………16
圖2.4 本質光纖感測器………………………17
圖2.5 非本質光纖感測器………………………18
圖2.6 廣泛頻譜圖………………………19
圖2.7 光纖布拉格光柵………………………19
圖2.8 1544.04 nm的反射頻譜………………………20
圖2.9 1544.04 nm的穿透頻譜………………………20
圖2.10 折射率變化示意圖………………………20
圖2.11 摻鉺光纖雷射架構圖………………………21
圖2.12 自由光頻譜範圍在所提出的光纖雷射的示意圖………………………23
圖2.13 EDFA基本架構圖………………………24
圖2.14 EDFA放大過程示意圖………………………25
圖2.15 EDFA輸出頻譜………………………25
圖2.16 延遲自零差法基本架構………………………26
圖3.1 三環形摻鉺光纖雷射架構………………………28
圖3.2(a) 布拉格波長為1538.82 nm 的光頻譜圖………………………28
圖3.2 (b) 布拉格波長為1543.22 nm 的光頻譜圖………………………29
圖3.3 EDF雷射雙波長輸出頻譜圖……………………30
圖3.4 延遲自插法量測結果………………………30
圖3.5(a) 時間對波長關係圖………………………31
圖3.5(b) 時間對功率關係圖………………………31
圖4.1 雙環形摻鉺光纖雷射架構………………………33
圖4.2 TBF輸出頻譜圖………………………33
圖4.3 所提出的雙環形模態選擇的示意圖………………………34
圖4.4 C-band EDFA ASE與波長輸出頻譜圖………………………35
圖4.5由範圍1530至1560 nm每3 nm的輸出功率與SMSR變化………………………36
圖4.6在觀測範圍3GHz下，(a)ESA基本SSB頻譜；(b)所提出雷射SSB頻譜………………………37
圖4.7 所提出的雷射其波長與功率穩定度………………………37
圖5.1 所提出的遠程溫度感測器架
構………………………38
圖5.2 為室溫下所測得的FBG1至FBG10的頻譜圖，插圖為FBG3的頻譜………………………39
圖5.3 在室溫下經過50公里SMF傳輸之後所得到的………………………41
圖5.4 室溫下經過50公里SMF傳輸之後10根FBG所獲得的輸出功率和OSNR………………………42
圖5.5 不同溫度下FBG3波長位移頻譜圖………………………42

表目錄
表1.1光纖布拉格光柵之布拉格波長與輸出功率………………………40
表1.2經過50 km傳輸後光纖布拉格光柵之布拉格波長與輸出功率………………………41

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