臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

過一硫酸氫鉀(Oxone)為一種對環境友善之氧化劑，溶於水中可產生具高氧化能力之硫酸根自由基(•SO4-)，硫酸根自由基具有相當高之氧化電位(2.5 eV)、對不飽和鍵及芳香族環狀化合物有較高選擇性、以及較長之半衰期(< 40 μs)等特點，因此目前被廣泛應用於有機污染物之降解。
“新興污染物（Emerging Contaminants）”主要為「新認定或之前未確認」、「未受法規規範」、「且對人體健康及生態環境具有風險性」的化學污染物，此類污染物通常經由人類活動（包括：工商業、農業、醫療場所、製藥廠，甚至ㄧ般家庭生活等）所產生且不容易於環境中分解，雙氯芬酸鈉鹽(Diclofenac)，是世界各地使用普遍的抗炎藥物，過去幾十年進行深入研究證實在各環境區域的存在。
本研究目的為探討材料對水中殘留消炎藥物雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的吸附性，並探討無超聲狀態中及超聲狀態中過一硫酸氫鉀用以降解水中殘留消炎藥物雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的效率，並且加入C3N4材料或石墨碳氮化物，(以下簡稱CNS)進一步改變各種操作條件，例如(超聲功率變化、溫度改變、pH變化、添加競爭陰離子)，對雙氯芬酸鈉鹽效率的影響，添加抑制劑瞭解超聲輔助下雙氯芬酸鈉鹽降解的機制，利用上述實驗已用來評估較佳的處理方式，並可應用於含有雙芬氯酸鈉鹽的廢水中。
經實驗結果證實單純以過一硫酸氫鉀降解水中之污染物是有效的，添加C3N4材料或CNS材料能使降解效率增加，CNS材料輔助去除雙氯芬酸鈉鹽高達90 %，並且在高功率及pH值= 5 ~ pH值= 9的環境下具有更好的降解速率。

致謝辭 i
中文摘要 ii
Abstract iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 vii
第１章 緒論 1
1-1 研究緣起 1
1-2 研究內容與目的 3
第２章 文獻回顧 4
2-1 高級氧化程序 4
2-2 過一硫酸氫鉀(Oxone) 8
2-2-1 過一硫酸氫鉀之基本性質 8
2-2-2 硫酸根自由基(．SO4-)之特性 10
2-2-3 過一硫酸氫鉀之活化 11
2-3 超聲氧化法 12
2-4 CNS材料及C3N4材料特性鑑定方式 14
2-4-1 場發射掃描式電子顯微鏡 14
2-4-2 穿透式電子顯微鏡 14
2-4-3 材料比表面積及孔徑分析儀 15
2-4-4 X光繞射分析儀 15
2-4-5 界達電位 15
2-4-6 紫外-可見光漫反射光譜分析 16
2-4-7 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀 17
2-4-8 X光光電子能譜儀 17
2-5 雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的物化特性、組成與分佈 18
2-5-1 雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的組成與危害物質 18
2-5-2 雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的生態毒理學 20
2-6 降解雙氯芬酸之反應機制 22
第３章 實驗材料與方法 26
3-1 實驗藥品與材料 26
3-2 實驗儀器 26
3-3 實驗方法 27
3-3-1 C3N4材料製備與鑑定 27
3-3-2 CNS 材料製備與鑑定 28
3-3-3 材料對水中殘留消炎藥物雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的吸附性試驗 29
3-3-4 在無超聲及超聲狀態中活化過一硫酸氫鉀用以降解雙 30
氯芬酸鈉鹽實驗 30
3-3-5 超聲功率改變對降解雙氯芬酸鈉鹽之效率影響實驗 33
3-3-6 溫度改變對雙氯芬酸鈉鹽之降解反應實驗 35
3-3-7 pH變化對雙氯芬酸鈉鹽之降解反應實驗 36
3-3-8 探討添加競爭陰離子對降解雙氯芬酸鈉鹽之效率變化 38
3-3-9 探討添加抑制劑對降解雙氯芬酸鈉鹽之影響 39
3-4 實驗分析方法 41
第４章 結果與討論 45
4-1 C3N4材料鑑定分析 45
4-2 CNS材料鑑定分析 50
4-3 探討材料對水中殘留消炎藥物雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的吸附性 55
4-4 探討無超聲及超聲狀態中活化過一硫酸氫鉀用以降解雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的影響 56
4-5 探討超聲功率改變對降解雙氯芬酸鈉鹽之效率影響 59
4-6 探討溫度改變對雙氯芬酸鈉鹽之降解反應 63
4-7 探討pH變化對超聲活化過一硫酸氫鉀後的降解效率 66
4-8 探討添加競爭陰離子對降解雙氯芬酸鈉鹽之效率變化 70
4-9 探討添加抑制劑，對降解雙氯芬酸鈉鹽的影響 73
第５章 結論與建議 76
5-1 結論 76
5-2 建議 78
第６章 參考文獻 79
6-1 中文參考文獻 79
6-2 英文參考文獻 79

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