|
�� Andreas Hofmann,Barbara Kessler, Sonja Ewerling, Myriam Weppert, Barbara Vogg1, Harald Ludwig1, Miodrag Stojkovic, Marc Boelhauve, Gottfried Brem, Eckhard Wolf & Alexander Pfeifer1. Efficient transgenesis in farm animals by lentiviral vectors. EMBO reports VOL 4, NO 11 | 2003
�� Banks RD, Blake CCF, Evans PR et al. Sequence, structure and activity of phosphoglycerate kinase: a possible hinge-bending enzyme. Nature 1979; 279: 773±777.
�� Bechwith, J. Adeletion analysis of the lac operator region in E. coli. J. Mol. Biol. 8:427-440, 1964.
�� Betthauser, J., Forsberg, E., Augenstein, M., Childs, L., Eilertsen, K., Enos, J., Forsythe, T., Golueke, P., Jurgella, G., Koppang, R., Lesmeister, T., Mallon, K., Mell, G., Misica, P., Pace, M., PfisterGenskow, M., Strelchenko, N., Voelker, G., Watt, S., Thompson, S. & Bishop, M. (2000). Production of cloned pigs from in vitro systems. Nature Biotechnology 18, 055—1059.
�� Bonifer C, Ulrike Jägle and Matthias C. Huber. (1997) The chicken lysozyme locus as a paradigm for the complex developmental regulation of eukaryotic gene loci. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 26075–26078
�� Bonifer C, Vidal M, Grosveld F, Sippel AE. (1990) Tissue specific and position independent expression of the complete gene domain for chicken lysozyme in transgenic mice. EMBO J. 9, 2843–2848
�� Bonifer C, Yannoutsos N, Krüger G, Grosveld F, and Sippel A E. (1994) Dissection of the locus control function located on the chicken lysozyme gene domain in transgenic mice. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 4202–4210
�� Bosselman RA, Hsu R, Boggs T, Hu S, Bruszewski J Ou S. et al.(1989). Germline transmission of exogenous genes in the chicken. Science 243:533– 535.
�� Brackett, B. G., Baranska, W., Sawicki, W. & Koprowski, H. (1971). Uptake of heterologous genome by mammalian spermatozoa and its transfer to ova through fertilization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 68, 353—357
�� Brem, G., Brenig, B., Goodman, H. M., Selden, R. C., Graf, F., Kruff, B., Springmann, K., Hondele, J., Meyer, J., Winnacker, E. L. & Kr.ausslich, H. (1985). Production of transgenic mice, rabbits and pigs by microinjection into pronuclei. Zuchthygiene 20, 251—252.
�� Buchschacher GL and Wong-Stall F (2000). Development of lentiviral vectors for gene therapy for human diseases. Blood 95: 2499-2505.
�� Catherine Celebi, Thierry Guillaudeux, Pierrı¨ck Auvray, Virginie Vallet-Erdtmann, and Bernard Je´gou. The Making of ‘‘Transgenic Spermatozoa’’ BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 68, 1477–1483 (2003)
�� Chalfie, M., Tu, Y., Euskirchen, G., Ward, W.W., and Prasher,D.C. (1994) Green fluorescent protein as a marker for gene expression. Science 263: 802–805.
�� Chiocchetti A, Tolosano E, Hirsch E, Silengo L, Altruda F (1997) Green fluorescent protein as a reporter of gene expression in transgenic mice. Biochim Biophys Acta 1352:193-202
�� Clark AJ, Simons P, Wilmut I and Lathe R (1987) Pharmaceuticals from transgenic livestock.. Trends Biotechnol. 5:20-24.
�� Cody, C. W., D. C. Prasher, W. M. Westler, F. G. Prendergast, and W. W. Ward. 1993. Chemical structure of the hexapeptide chromophore of the Aequorea green-fluorescent protein. Biochemistry. 32:1212-1218.
�� Cormack, B. P., Valdivia, R. H. & Falkow, S. (1996). FACS-optimized mutants of the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Gene 173, 33-38.
�� Cubitt, A. B., Heim, R., Adams, S. R., Boyd, A. E., Gross, L. A. & Tsien, R. Y. (1995). Understanding, improving and using green fluorescent proteins.Trends in Biochemical Sciences 20, 448-455.
�� Dean, D.M. et al. (1996) Regulation of the chicken ovalbumin gene by estrogen and corticosterone requires a novel DNA element that binds a labile protein, Chirp-1. Mol. Cell. Biol. 16, 2015–2024
�� DiMauro, S., Servidei, S., and Tsujino, S. Disorders of carbohydrate metabolism: Glycogen storage diseases. In R. L. Rosenberg, S. B. Prusiner, S. D. DiMauro, and R. L. Barchi (eds.), The Molecular and Genetic Basis of Neurological Disease. Boston: Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997, pp. 1067 1097.
�� Fleming, T. and J. Littlechild. 1997. Sequence and structural comparison of thermophilic phosphoglycerate kinases with a mesophilic equivalent. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 118A:439–451.
�� Follenzi, A., Ailles, L.E., Bakovic, S., Geuna, M. & Naldini, L. (2000) Gene transfer by lentiviral vectors is limited by nuclear translocation and rescued by HIV-1 pol sequences. Nature Genet., 25, 217–222.
�� Fothergill-Gilmore, L.A. and P.A.M. Michels. 1993. Evolution of glycolysis. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 59:105–235.
�� Garner, I. & Colman, A. (1998). Therapeutic proteins from livestock. In Animal Breeding — Technology for the 21st Century, ed. Clark, A. J., pp. 215—227. Overseas Publishers Association, Amsterdam.
�� Gartler SM, Reley DF, Levo RV et al. Mapping of human autosomal phosphoglycerate kinase sequence to chromosome 19. Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics 1986; 12: 395±401.
�� Gordon JW, Ruddle FH. Integration and stable germ line transmission of genes injected into mouse pronuclei. Science 1981;214:1244-1246.
�� Goto, M., Masamune, Y. & Nakanishi, Y. 1993. A factor stimulating transcription of the testis-specific Pgk-2 gene recognizes a sequence similar to the binding site for a transcription inhibitor of the somatic-type Pgk-1 gene. Nucleic Acids Res. 21, 209–214.
�� Goto, M., Tamura, T., Mikoshiba, K., Masamune, Y. & Nakanishi, Y. 1991. Transcription inhibition of the somatic-type phosphoglycerate kinase 1 gene in vitro by a testis-specific factor thatrecognizes a sequence similar to the binding site for Ets oncoproteins. Nucleic Acids Res. 19, 3959–3963.
�� Haecker, S.A. et al. (1995) Repression of the ovalbumin gene involves multiple negative elements including a ubiquitous transcriptional silencer. Mol. Endocrinol. 9, 1113–1126
�� Hammer, R. E., Pursel, V. G., Rexroad, C. E. Jr, Wall, R. J., Bolt, D. J., Ebert, K. M., Palmiter, R. D. & Brinster, R. L. (1985). Production of transgenic rabbits, sheep and pigs by microinjection. Nature 315, 680—683.
�� Harvey, A.J. et al. (2002) Consistent production of transgenic chickens using replication deficient retroviral vectors and high-throughput screening procedures. Poult. Sci. 81, 202–212
�� Heim R, Tsien RY. Engineering green fluorescent protein for improved brightness, longer wavelengths and fluorescence resonance energy transfer. Curr Biol. 1996 Feb 1;6(2):178-82.
�� Helen Sang. Prospects for transgenesis in the chick. Mechanisms of Development Volume 121, Issue 9 , September 2004, Pages 1179-1186
�� Hiroshi Ando,1 Yoshiya Haruna,1 Misao Suzuki,2 Shuichi Yamada,3 Masaru Okabe3 and Yoshinobu Nakanishi1. Ectopic activation of the transcription promoter for the testis-specific mouse Pgk-2 gene on elimination of a cis-acting upstream DNA region. Develop. Growth Differ. (2000) 42, 385–393
�� Hisaichi Fujii. Other erythrocyte enzyme deficiencies associated with non-haematological symptoms: phosphoglycerate kinase and phosphofructokinase deficiency. BaillieÁ re's Clinical Haematology Vol. 13, No. 1, pp. 141±148, 2000
�� Hofmann A, Kessler B, Ewerling S, Weppert M, Vogg B, Ludwig H, Stojkovic M, Boelhauve M, Brem G, Wolf E, Pfeifer A. Efficient transgenesis in farm animals by lentiviral vectors. EMBO Rep. 2003 Nov;4(11):1054-60. Epub 2003 Oct 17.
�� Hori H, Wampler JE, Matthews JC, Cormier MJ (1973) Identication of the product excited states during the chemiluminescent and bioluminescent oxidation of Renilla (sea pansy) luciferin and certain of its analogs. Biochemistry 12: 4463±4468
�� Houdebine LM (2000). Transgenic animal bioreactors. Transgenic Res.9:305-320.
�� Huang I.Y., Welch C.D. and Yoshida A. Complete amino acid sequence of human phosphoglycerate kinase: cyanogen bromide peptides and complete amino acid sequence. Journal of Biological Chemistry 1980; 255: 6412±6420.
�� Huber M. C., Bosch F. X., Sippel A. E., and Bonifer C. (1994) Chromosomal position effects in chicken lysozyme gene transgenic mice are correlated with suppression of DNase I hypersensitive site formation. Nucleic Acids Res. 22, 4195–4201
�� Jaenisch, R. (1976). Germ line integration and Mendelian transmission of the exogenous Moloney leukemia virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 73, 1260—1264.
�� Jagle, U. et al. (1997) Role of positive and negative cis-regulatory elements in the transcriptional activation of the lysozyme locus in developing macrophages of transgenic mice. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 5871–5879
�� Kain SR. Green fluorescent protein (GFP): applications in cell-based assays for drug discovery. Drug Discov Today 1999; 4: 304-312
�� Lavitrano M, Bacci ML, Forni M, Lazzereschi D, Di Stefano C, Fioretti D, Giancotti P, Marfe G, Pucci L, Renzi L, Wang H, Stoppacciaro A, Stassi G, Sargiacomo M, Sinibaldi P, Turchi V, Giovannoni R, Della Casa G, Seren E, Rossi G (2002). Efficient production by sperm-mediated gene transfer of human decay accelerating factor (hDAF) transgenic pigs for xenotransplantation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:14230–14235.
�� Lavitrano M, Forni M, Bacci ML, Di Stefano C, Varzi V, Wang H, Seren E. (2003) Sperm mediated gene transfer in pig: selection of donor boars and optimization of DNA uptake. Mol Reprod Dev 64:284–291.
�� Lois C, Hong EJ, Pease S, Brown EJ, Baltimore D (2002)). Germline transmission and tissue-speci.c expression of transgenes delivered by lentiviral vectors. Science 295:868–895.
�� Love J, Gribbin C, Mather C, Sang H (1994) Transgenic birds by DNA microinjection. Bio/Technology. 12: 60– 63
�� M O Robinson, J R McCarrey, and M I Simon. Transcriptional regulatory regions of testis-specific PGK2 defined in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 November; 86(21): 8437–8441.
�� M.uller, M. & Brem, G. (1998). Transgenic approaches to the increase of disease resistance in farm animals. Revue Scientific et technique 17, 365—378.
�� Masuda Y, Park SM, Ohkuma M, Ohta A, Takagi M. Expression of an endogenous and a heterologous gene in Candida maltosa by using a promoter of a newly-isolated phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK) gene. Curr Genet. 1994 May;25(5):412-7.
�� McBurney MW, Staines WA, Boekelheide K, Parry D, Jardine K, Pickavance L. Murine PGK-1 promoter drives widespread but not uniform expression in transgenic mice. Dev Dyn. 1994 Aug;200(4):278-93.
�� McBurney MW, Staines WA, Boekelheide K, Parry D, Jardine K, Pickavance L. Murine PGK-1 promoter drives widespread but not uniform expression in transgenic mice. Dev Dyn. 1994 Aug;200(4):278-93.
�� McCapra F and Manning MJ. Bioluminescence of coelenterates: chemiluminescent model compounds. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 1973; 467-8.
�� McCarrey JR & Thomas K. Human testis-specific PGK gene lacks introns and possesses characteristics of a processed gene. Nature 1987; 326: 501±505.
�� McCarrey JR & Thomas K. Human testis-specific PGK gene lacks introns and possesses characteristics of a processed gene. Nature 1987; 326: 501±505.
�� Meng A, Tang H, Ong BA, Farrell MJ, Lin S. Prometer analysis in living zebrafish embryos identifies a cis-acting motif required for neuronal expression of GATA-2. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1007;94:6267-6272.
�� Michelson AM, Blake CC, Evans ST & Orkin SH. Structure of the human phosphoglycerate kinase gene and the intron-mediated evolution and dispersal of the nucleotide-binding domain. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 1985; 82: 6965±6969.
�� Michelson AM, Markham AF & Orkin SH. Isolation and DNA sequence of a full-length cDNA clone for human X-chromosome-encoded phosphoglycerate kinase. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA 1983; 80: 472±476.
�� Mintz B. Formation of genetically mosaic mouse embryos, and early development of “lethal(T12/T12)-normal”mosaics. J Exp Zool. 1964 Nov;157:273-92.
�� Mizuno, K., Goto, M., Masamune, Y. & Nakanishi, Y. 1992. A silencer-like cis element for the testis-specific phosphoglycerate- kinase-2-encoding gene. Gene 119, 293–297.
�� Morimoto Akira, Ikuyo Ueda, Yoshiaki Hirashima, Yasuko Sawai, Tomohiro Usuku,Gen Kano, Kikuko Kuriyama, Shinjiro Todo, Tohru Sugimoto, Hitoshi Kanno,Hisaichi Fujii2 and Shinsaku Imashuku3. A novel missense mutation (1060G fi C) in thephosphoglycerate kinase gene in a Japanese boy with chronichaemolytic anaemia, developmental delay and rhabdomyolysis. British Journal of Haematology, 2003, 122, 1009–1013
�� Moss JB, Price AL, Raz E, Driever W, Rosenthal N. Green fluorescent protein marks skeletal muscle in murine cell lines and zebrafish. Gene 1996; 173:89-98.
�� Natarajan A, Subramanian S, Srienc F. comparison og mutant forms of the green fluorescent protein as expression markers in chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells. J Biotechnol 1990; 62: 19-45
�� Niemann H., Kues W.A. Transgenic livestock: premises and promises. Animal Reproduction Science 60–61(2000).277–293
�� Nordstrom, L.A. et al. (1993) A complex array of double-stranded and single-stranded DNA-binding proteins mediates induction of the ovalbumin gene by steroid hormones. J. Biol. Chem. 268, 13193–13202
�� Numata, M., Ono, T. & Iseki, S. 1994. Expression and localization of the mRNA for DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase in mouse seminiferous tubules. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 42,1271–1276.
�� Onishi, A., Iwamoto, M., Akita, T., Mikawa, S., Takeda, K., Awata, T., Hanada, H. & Perry, A. C. F. (2000). Pig cloning by microinjection of fetal fibroblast nuclei. Science 289, 1188—1190.
�� Orm¨o M, Cubitt AB, Kallio K, GrossLA, Tsien RY, Remington SJ. (1996.) Crystal Structure of the Aequorea victoria Green Fluorescent Protein .Science273:1392–95
�� Palmiter RD, Brinster RL , Hammer RE, Trumbauer ME, Rosenfeld MG, Birnberg NC, Evans RM (1982). Dramatic growth of mice that develop from eggs microinjected with metallothionein-growth hormone fusion genes. Nature 300:611-615.
�� Park ST , Hong YH, Kwon SE, Lim JM, Han JY (2003b) Birth of Chimeras by transfer of chicken embryonic germ (EG) cells into recipient embryos. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 65: 389-395.
�� Park ST, Jeong DK, Kim JN, Song GH, Hong YH, Kwon SE, Lim JM, Han JY (2003a). Improved germline transmission in chicken produced by transplantation of gonadal primodial germ cells into recipient embryos. Biol. Reprod. 68: 1657-1662
�� Perry MM (1988). A complete culture system for the chicken embryo. Nature 331:70-72.
�� Petitte JN, Clark ME, Liu G, Verrinder-Gibbins AM, Etches RJ. (1990). The production of somatic and germline chimeras in the chick by transfer of early blastodermal cells. Development 108:185–190.
�� Pfeifer A, Ikawa M, Dayn Y, Verma I M (2002). Transgenesis by lentiviral vectors: Lack of gene silencing in mammalian embryonic stem cells and preimplantation embryos. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 99: 2140–2145.
�� Platt, J. L. (1998). New directions for organ transplantation. Nature 392 (Suppl.), 11—17.
�� Polejaeva, I. A., Chen, S.H., Vaught, T. D., Page, R. L., Mullins, J., Ball, S., Dai, Y., Boone, J.,Walker, S., Ayares, D. L., Colman, A. & Campbell, K. H. S. (2000). Cloned pigs produced by nuclear transfer from adult somatic cells. Nature 407, 86—90.
�� Prasher, D. C., V. K. Eckenrode, W. W. Ward, F. G. Prendergast, and M. J. Cormier. 1992. Primary structure of the Aequorea victoria green-fluorescent protein. Gene. 111:229-233.
�� Prather, R. S., Barnes, F. L., Sims, M. M., Robl, J. M., Eyestone, W. H. & First, N. L. (1987). Nuclear transplantation in the bovine embryo: assessment of donor nuclei and recipient oocyte. Biology of Reproduction 37, 859—866.
�� Prather, R. S., Sims, M. M. & First, N. L. (1989). Nuclear transplantation in early pig embryos. Biology of Reproduction 41, 414—418.
�� Pursel, V. (1998). Modification of production traits. In Animal Breeding — Technology for the 21st Century, ed. Clark, A. J., pp. 183—200, Overseas Publishers Association, Amsterdam.
�� R. J. WALL, D. E. KERR,1 and K. R. BONDIOLI. Transgenic Dairy Cattle:Genetic Engineering on a Large Scale. 1997 J Dairy Sci 80:2213–2224
�� Raju TS, Briggs JB, Borge SM and Jones AJS (2000). Species-specific variation in glycosylation of IgG: evidence for the species-specific sialylation and branch-specific galactosylation and importance for engineering recombinant glycoprotein therapeutics. Glycobiology 10: 477-486.
�� Robinson MO, McCarrey JR, Simon MI. Transcriptional regulatory regions of testis-specific PGK2 defined in transgenic mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1989 Nov; 86 (21):8437–8441.
�� Romoser, V. A., Hinkle, P. M., and Persechini, A. Detection in Living Cells of Ca2+-dependent Changes in the Fluorescence Emission of an Indicator Composed of Two Green Fluorescent Protein Variants Linked by a Calmodulin-binding Sequence.(1997) J. Biol. Chem. 272, 13270–13274.
�� Sacchetti A, Alberti S. Protein tags enhance GFP folding in eukaryotic cells. Nat Biotechnol 1999;17:1046
�� Sacchetti A, Cappetti V, Marra P, Dell'Arciprete R, El Sewedy T, Crescenzi C, Alberti S. Green fluorescent Protein variants fold differentially in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. J cell Biochem 2001;81:117-128.
�� Salter DW, Smith EJ, Hughes SH, Wright SE, Fadly AM, Witter RL, Crittenden LB (1986) Gene insertion into the chicken germline by retroviruses. Poult Sci 65:1445–1458.
�� Salter, D.W., Smith, E.J., Hughes, S.H., Wright, S.E. and Crittenden, L.B.(1987). Transgenic chickens: insertion of retroviral genes into the chicken germ line. Virology157, pp. 236–240.
�� Sanders, M.M. and McKnight, G.S. (1988) Positive and negative regulatory elements control the steroid-responsive ovalbumin promoter. Biochemistry 27, 6550–6557
�� Sang H (2004b) Transgenics, chickens and therapeutic proteins. Vox Sanguinis 87: 164-166.
�� Sang H. (2004a). Prospects for transgenesis in the chick. Mech. Dev. 121:1179-1186
�� Schweers, L.A. and Sanders, M.M. (1991) A protein with a binding specificity similar to NF-kB binds to a steroid-dependent regulatory element in the ovalbumin gene. J. Biol. Chem. 266, 10490–10497
�� Sensenbaugh, K.R. and Sanders, M.M. (1999) Multiple promoter elements including a novel repressor site modulate expression of the chick ovalbumin gene. DNA Cell Biol. 18, 147–156
�� Sherman A, Dawson A, Mather C, Gilhooley H, Li Y, Mitchell R, Finnegan D, Sang H. (1998) Transposition of the Drosophila element mariner into the chicken germ line. Nat Biotechnol 16: 1050–1053.
�� Shimomura O. Cause of spectral variation in the luminescence of semisynthetic aequorins. Biochem J. 1995 Mar 1;306 ( Pt 2):537-43.
�� Shimomura, O., Johnson, F.H. & Saiga, Y. (1962) Extraction, purification and properties of aequorin, a bioluminescent protein from the luminous hydromedusan, Aequorea. J. Cell. Comp. Physiol. 59, 223–239.
�� Skoufos, E. and Sanders, M.M. (1992) Regulation of expression of the chicken ovalbumin gene: interactions between steroid hormones and second messenger systems. Mol. Endocrinol. 6, 1412–1417
�� Spratt NT and Haas H. (1960). Morphogenetic movements in the lower surface of the unincubated and early chick blastoderm. .J Exp Zool 144:139–157.
�� Thomas, K. R. & Capecchi, M. R. (1987). Sitedirected mutagenesis by gene targeting in mouse embryoderived stem cells. Cell 51, 503—512.
�� Tsien R. Y. The green flurcesent protein. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 1998. 67:509–44
�� VandeBerg JL. The phosphoglycerate kinase isozyme system in mammals: biochemical, genetic, developmental, and evolutionary aspects. Isozymes Curr Top Biol Med Res. 1985;12:133-87.
�� Waddington D, Gribbin, C, Sterling R J, Sang H, Perry, M M, (1998). Chronology of events in the first cell cycle of the polyspermic egg of the domestic fowl. Int. J. Dev. Biol. 42: 625–628.
�� WALL R. J., KERR D. E.and BONDIOLI K. R. Transgenic Dairy Cattle: Genetic Engineering on a Large Scale. 1997 J Dairy Sci 80:2213–2224
�� Willadsen, S. M. (1986). Nuclear transplantation in sheep embryos. Nature 320, 63—65.
�� Willard HF, Goss SJ, Holmes MT & Munrose DL. Regional localization of the phosphoglycerate kinase gene and pseudogene on the human X chromosome and assignment of a related DNA sequence on chromosome 19. Human Genetics 1985; 71: 138±143.
�� Zuelke, K. A. (1998). Transgenic modification of cows milk for valueadded processing. Reproduction, Fertility and Development 10, 671—676.
�� Osamu SHIMOMURA. Cause of spectral variation in the luminescence of semisynthetic aequorins. Biochem. J. (1995) 306, 537-543.
�� Inouye, S. and Tsuji, F. I.. Evidence for redox forms of the Aequorea green fluorescent protein. FEBS Lett. (1994) 351, 211-214.
�� Spergel D.J., Kru¨ th Ulrich, Shimshek D.R., Sprengel R., Seeburg P. H.. Using reporter genes to label selected neuronal populations in transgenic mice for gene promoter, anatomical, and physiological studies. Progress in Neurobiology 63 (2001) 673–686.
�� Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, and Peter Walter. Molecular Biology of the Cell 4th ed.
�� Adra, C.N., Boer, P.H. and McBurney, M.W. (1987) Cloning and expression of the mouse pgk-1 gene and the nucleotide sequence of its promoter. Gene 65, 65±75.
�� Bartlett MH, Adra CN, Park J, Chapman VM, McBurney MW. DNA methylation of two X chromosome genes in female somatic and embryonal carcinoma cells. Somat Cell Mol Genet. 1991 Jan;17(1):35–47.
�� Boer PH, Potten H, Adra CN, Jardine K, Mullhofer G, McBurney MW. Polymorphisms in the coding and noncoding regions of murine Pgk-1 alleles. Biochem Genet. 1990 Jun;28(5-6):299–308.
�� Deng T, Li Y, Jolliff K, and Johnson L F. The mouse thymidylate synthase promoter: essential elements are in close proximity to the transcriptional initiation sites. Mol Cell Biol. 1989 September; 9(9): 4079–4082.
�� Farzana Haq, Meghan Mahoney and James Koropatnick. Signaling events for metallothionein induction. Mutation Research / Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis Volume 533, Issues 1-2 , 10 December 2003, Pages 211-226
�� Keith DH, Singer-Sam J, Riggs AD. Active X chromosome DNA is unmethylated at eight CCGG sites clustered in a guanine-plus-cytosine-rich island at the 5' end of the gene for phosphoglycerate kinase. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Nov;6(11):4122–4125.
�� Makrides, S.C. (1999). Components of vectors for gene transfer and expression in mammalian cells. Protein Expr. Purif. 17, 183-202.
�� Meena Kumari, James C. Stroud, Antje Anji, and John R. McCarrey. Differential Appearance of DNase I-hypersensitive Sites Correlates with Differential Transcription of Pgk Genes during Spermatogenesis in the Mouse. the Jounal of Biological Chemistry Vol. 271, No. 24, Issue of June 14, pp. 4390–14397, 1996
�� Melton,D.W., Konecki,D.S., Brennand,J. and Caskey,C.T. (1984) Structure, expression and mutation of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 81, 2147–2151.
�� Michael W.McBurney, Leslie C.Sutherland, Chakar N.Adra, Benoit Leclair, Michael A.Rudnicki and Karen Jardine1991. The mouse Pgk-1 gene promoter contains an upstream activator sequence. Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 19, No. 20 5755-5761
�� Park, J., and M. W. Taylor. 1988. Analysis of signals controlling expression of the Chinese hamster ovary APRT gene. Mol. Cell. Biol. 8:2536-2544[
�� Pheiffer, B.H. and Zimmerman, S.B. (1983) Nucleic Acids Res. 11, 7853.
�� Rusche, J.R. and Howard-Flanders, P. (1985) Nucleic Acids Res. 13, 1997.
�� Saez E, No D, West A, Evans RM. Inducible gene expression in mammalian cells and transgenic mice. Curr Opin Biotechnol. 1997 Oct;8(5):608-16.
�� Schoneveld OJ, Gaemers IC, Lamers WH. Mechanisms of glucocorticoid signalling. Biochim Biophys Acta. 2004 Oct 21;1680(2):114-28.
�� Singer-Sam J, Grant M, LeBon JM, Okuyama K, Chapman V, Monk M, Riggs AD. Use of a HpaII-polymerase chain reaction assay to study DNA methylation in the Pgk-1 CpG island of mouse embryos at the time of X-chromosome inactivation. Mol Cell Biol. 1990 Sep;10(9):4987–4989.
�� Zimmerman, S.B. and Harrison, B. (1983) Nucleic Acids Res. 13, 2241.
�� Arezzo F. 1989. Sea-urchin sperm as a vector of foreign genetic information. Cell Biol Int Rep 13:391–404.
�� Brackett BG, Baranska W, Sawicki W. 1971. Uptake of heterologous genome by mammalian spermatozoa and its transfer to ova through fertilization. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 68:353–357.
�� Catherine Celebi,4 Thierry Guillaudeux,4 Pierrı¨ck Auvray,3,4 Virginie Vallet-Erdtmann,4 and Bernard Je´gou. The Making of ‘‘Transgenic Spermatozoa. BIOLOGY OF REPRODUCTION 68, 1477–1483 (2003)
�� Fulvio Gandolfei. Spermatozoa, DNA binding and transgenic animals. Transgenic Research 7, 147±155 (1998)
�� Guérin B. and Pozzi N. Viruses in boar semen: detection and clinical as well as epidemiological consequences regarding disease transmission by artificial insemination. Theriogenology Volume 63, Issue 2 , 15 January 2005, Pages 556-572.
�� Jill E. Ogden, Clive Stanway, Sunyoung Kim, Jane Mellor, Alan J. Kingsman, and Susan M. Kingsman. Efficient Expression of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae PGK Gene Depends on an Upstream Activation Sequence but Does Not Require TATA Sequences. Molecular and Cellular Biology, Dec. 1986, p 4335-4343
�� Kevin Smith. Theoretical mechanisms in targeted and random integration of transgene DNA. Nutr. Dev. 41 (2001) 465–485.
�� Kucherlapati R.S., Eves E.M., Song K.Y., Morse B.S., Smithies O., Homologous Recombination between Plasmids in Mammalian Cells can be Enhanced by Treatment of Input DNA, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 81 (1984) 3153–3157.
�� Lavitrano M, Camaioni A, Fazio VM, Dolci S, Farace MG, et al. 1989. Sperm cells as vectors for introducing foreign DNA into eggs—genetic transformation of mice. Cell 57:717–723.
�� Michael W.McBurney, Leslie C.Sutherland, Chakar N.Adra, Benoit Leclair, Michael A.Rudnicki and Karen Jardine. 1991 The mouse Pgk-1 gene promoter contains an upstream activator sequence. Nucleic Acids Research, Vol. 19, No. 20 5755-5761
�� Smith Kevin and Spadafora Corrado. Sperm-mediated gene transfer: applications and implications. BioEssays 27:551–562, Fulvio Gandolfei. Spermatozoa, DNA binding and transgenic animals. Transgenic Research 7, 147±155 (1998)
�� Steven T. Okino, Christine H. Chichester, and James P. Whitlock Jr. Hypoxia-inducible Mammalian Gene Expression Analyzed in Vivo at a TATA-driven Promoter and at an Initiator-driven Promoter. J Biol Chem, Vol. 273, Issue 37, 23837-23843, September 11, 1998.
�� Sun H., Treco D., Szostak J.W., Extensive 3’-Overhanging, Single-Stranded-DNA Associated with the Meiosis-Specific Double-Strand Breaks at the Arg4 Recombination Initiation Site, Cell 64 (1991) 1155–1161.
�� Vasquez K.M., Marburger K., Intody Z., Wilson J.H., Manipulating the mammalian genome by homologous recombination, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98 (2001) 8403–8410.
�� Xiaoyang Qi, Keiji Kondoh, Hulian Yin, Mei Wang, Elvira Ponce, Ying Sun, and Gregory A. Grabowskia. Ex vivo localization of the mouse saposin C activation region for acid b-glucosidase. Molecular Genetics and Metabolism 76 (2002) 189–200.
�� Fulvio Gandolfei. Spermatozoa, DNA binding and transgenic animals. Transgenic Research 7, 147±155 (1998)
�� Kaufman, R. J. (1990) Vectors used for expression in mammalian cells. Methods Enzymol. 185, 487–511.
�� Kriegler, M. (1990) Assembly of enhancers, promoters, and splice signals to control expression of transferred genes. Methods Enzymol. 185, 512–527.
�� Levinson G, Gutman GA. Slipped-strand mispairing: a major mechanism for DNA sequence evolution. Mol Biol Evol. 1987 May;4(3):203-21.
�� Najjar, S. M., and Lewis, R. E. (1999) Persistent expression of foreign genes in cultured hepatocytes: Expression vectors. Gene 230, 41–45.
�� Savvas C. Makrides. Components of vectors for gene transfer and expression in mammalian cells. Protein expression and purification 17, 183-202 (1999).
�� Schorpp, M., Ja¨ ger, R., Schellander, K., Schenkel, J., Wagner, E. F., Weiher, H., and Angel, P. (1996) The human ubiquitin C promoter directs high ubiquitous expression of transgenes in mice. Nucleic Acids Res. 24, 1787–1788.
�� Wulff, B. S., O’Hare, M. M. T., Boel, E., Theill, L. E., and Schwartz, T. W. (1990) Partial processing of the neuropeptide Y precursor in transfected CHO cells. FEBS Lett. 261, 101–105.
|