臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為了保證產品的鮮度，避免消費者健康受到不良產品危害，本研究開發以無毒性、具吸附成膠性質之幾丁聚醣聚合物溶液，包埋pH值指示劑溴甲酚綠 (bromocresol green, BCG )，構築可以偵測魚類鮮度指標分子：三甲胺 (trimethylamine, TMA) 之魚類鮮度氣體感測器，提供必須利用昂貴儀器，或繁瑣步驟之傳統方法以外的另一種品管選擇。
塗佈於感測元件上的檢測薄膜，可以隨三甲胺標準品濃度，產生由黃到藍的階段性顏色變化。感測元件只需30 min，即可偵測反應樣品中0.05-0.25 mg 的三甲胺；當三甲胺濃度為1.0-5.0 mg時，感測元件只需10 min即可反應。以具疏水性及生物相容性之高分子膠polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) 覆蓋保護的感測元件置於25℃下保存3天，仍可有效而具再現性的偵測三甲胺。
以感測元件監測魚類樣品，隨時間變化的劣化情形。顯示本研究開發的鮮度感測器，可長時間連續偵測，以累積濃度形式呈現監測結果。於嗅覺不易察覺的初期腐敗階段，即以肉眼視覺信號，提供消費者鮮度狀況參考。其非破壞性、不需外加動力取樣，反應時間快速的優點，具有做為傳統破壞性檢測方法替代方案之潛力。

To assure the corruption degree of the products and keep the consumers away from healthy risks. My research is to develop a freshness gas sensor which composed of non-toxic, adsorptive, and gelling-property chitosan solutions to entrap pH indicators bromocresol green (BCG) for monitoring freshness index - trimethylamine (TMA). The freshness gas sensor with the potential as an alternative for the traditional analysis methods, which required expensive instruments and complicated steps.
The sensing components can generate obvious color change depended on the TMA concentrations. Response time is 50 minutes to 0.05-0.25 mg TMA detection, and it just needs 15 minutes to monitor TMA in the range of 1.0-5.0 mg. The devices elevate stability by covering hydrophobic and biocompatible high-molecular gel- polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The sensing components with PDMS as protector layers put at 25℃ for 3 days, was still reproducible to detect TMA effectively.
The fish freshness was monitored by the sensing components, and compared with TMA concentrations determinations by HPLC. The freshness gas sensor with the advantages of long-term continuous detection and accumulative amounts to show monitored results. Its non-destructive, sampling without pump and rapid response time properties, with the potential as an alternative for the traditional destructive analysis methods.

總目錄

中文摘要 I
Abstract I
圖目錄 III
表目錄 VI
總目錄 VII
第一章 前言介紹 1
第一節 魚類鮮度指標 1
一、主觀方法 2
(1) 外觀判定 2
(2) 官能品評 2
二、客觀方法 4
(1) 揮發性鹽基態氮 (totlal volatile basic nitrogen, TVBN) 4
(2) 微生物法 5
(3) K值(K values) 6
(4) 生物胺 (biogenic amine) 7
(5) 三甲胺 (trimethylamine) 8
一、康威氏皿微擴散法 (CNS method) 10
二、高效能液相層析法 (high performance liquid chromatography, HPLC) 11
三、氣相層析法 (gas chromatography, GC) 12
四、分光呈色法 (spectrophotometric method) 13
第三節 鮮度生物感測器 14
一、光學感測器 (optical biosensor)： 15
二、氧化還原生物感測器 (redox biosensor)： 15
三、半導體生物感測器 (semiconductor biosensor) 16
第四節 反應機制 18
一、pH值 (pH values) 18
二、pH指示劑-溴甲酚綠 (bromocresol green, BCG) 19
三、幾丁聚醣 (chitosan) 20
四、聚二甲基矽氧烷 (polydimethylsiloxane, PDMS) 23
第五節 研究目的 24
第二章 材料與方法 26
第一節 實驗架構 26
第二節 實驗儀器 29
第三節 實驗藥品 31
第四節 實驗步驟 33
一、魚類鮮度參考指標 33
(1) 康威氏皿微擴散法 ( CNS method ) 33
(2) 逆相-高效能液相層析法 35
二、感測膜固定化 38
三、感測膜吸附實驗 42
四、生物感測器建立 44
第三章 結果與討論 46
第一節 魚類鮮度參考指標 46
一、康威氏皿微擴散法 ( CNS method ) 46
二、RP-HPLC法 48
第二節 感測膜固定化 50
一、最適感測膜溶液比例 50
二、最適幾丁聚醣濃度 51
三、最適pH指示劑濃度 53
四、最適覆蓋固定化材料 58
五、其他參數 61
(1) 不同固定化基材對三甲胺吸附顏色變化之影響 61
(2) 調整酸度對溶液pH值之影響 61
(3) 旋轉塗佈參數 62
第三節 感測膜實驗 64
一、鹼溶液儲存性試驗 65
二、感測膜空白實驗 69
三、不同濃度之三甲胺標準品，隨著時間增加所產生之顏色變化 73
(1) 低標準品添加量 (相等於5 g魚類樣品之初期腐敗程度) 73
(2) 高標準品添加量 (相等於100 g魚類樣品之初期腐敗程度) 75
第四節 生物感測器建立 77
一、反應時間 (標準品低添加量) 77
二、反應時間 (標準品高添加量) 82
三、鮮度氣體感測器儲存性試驗 (4℃、25℃) 86
四、魚類樣品鮮度試驗 (25℃) 89
第四章 結論與展望 96
第五章 參考文獻 98

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