臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

銀行貸款為小型企業資金需求的一項重要來源，而銀行身負金融監督的角色，以解決借款人與企業間資訊不對稱的問題。當銀行與企業的貸款合作，是透過之間密切合作，並且很依賴企業內部資訊的提供，稱做關係型貸款，這種銀行關係對小型企業尤其重要。但若企業與銀行貸放關係，是不需要透過雙方密切接觸則稱做交易型貸款。
本研究將企業銷售規模、固定資產、多銀行關係及上市櫃公司四項變數作為企業資訊不對稱的判斷依據，以瞭解在不同的銀行特性下，企業與銀行的貸款關係。在小型企業中，發現大銀行、逾放比高的銀行，以及獲利能力高的銀行傾向與銷售、固定資產小的公司以及向單銀行借貸的企業維持關係型貸款。而在中大型公司中，銀行成立年限越長、風險性高的銀行有顯著的交易型貸款關係，獲利能力越高的銀行，則是偏向進行關係型貸款。
當企業資訊透明度較低，屬於銷售規模較小、固定資產小以及非上市櫃公司時，企業貸款銀行家數越少。其中同時與1∼5家貸款的公司特性屬於資訊透明度低的公司，同時與6家以上的銀行貸款的公司，企業特性屬於資訊透明度高的公司。
台灣金控銀行的成立，顯著影響企業貸款的型態，實證結果發現金控銀行傾向將資源運用在資訊透明度高的企業上，並進行交易型貸款業務，而排擠對小型企業貸款比例。而大型銀行對小公司放款顯著的從1997年前的關係型貸款轉變為交易型貸款。

The bank loan is an important source of the fund demand of small enterprise, and the bank’s finance supervise role can solve the information asymmetry problem between debtor and the enterprise. When the cooperation of bank and enterprises is relied on the offering of information inside enterprises then called as the relationship lending, this kind of relationship is especially important to the small business. But if the cooperation do not need to keep in close touch then claim as the transaction lending.
We judge the information asymmetry for four parameter, sales, fixed assets, number of bank relation and listing in order to understand the loan relation between enterprise and bank under different bank characteristics. In the small enterprise, we find the large bank, high non performing loan, and high profitability bank tend to cooperation with little sales, fixed assets company and that lend from single bank. In the medium-and-large sized firm, the bank with long life and high risk tend to get transaction lending. The bank with the higher earning, have intention to carry on the relationship lending.
When the enterprise''s information is relatively low in transparency, than the enterprises will grant the loan with fewer banks. If the characteristic of company belongs to low information transparency, there will loan with less then 5 banks at the same time. And if the company lend with more then 6 banks at the same time, than the characteristic of company is high information transparency.
The establishment of holding bank in Taiwan apparent to influence the type of lending. The result finds the holding bank tend to attributed the resources on enterprises with high transparency in information, and doing the transaction lending, then squeeze the proportion of the loan to the small business. The large bank make loan to little company changing from the transaction lending into relationship lending.

目錄
第一章 緒論 ........................................1
第一節 研究動機 ........................................1
第二節 研究目的 ........................................2
第二章 文獻探討 ........................................3
第一節 銀行關係型放款 ...............................3
第二節 銀行放款角色 ...............................5
第三節 多銀行關係與單銀行關係 ......................6
第四節 銀行往來關係與企業經營績效 ......................8
第五節 銀行合併對企業貸款的影響..........................10
第三章 研究設計..........................................11
第一節 資料與樣本........................................11
第二節 變數設定..........................................11
第三節 樣本統計分析......................................15
第四節 研究架構及假設....................................16
第四章 實證結果與分析....................................24
第一節 銀行特性與企業特性之關係..........................24
第二節 銀行家數與企業特性之貸款關係......................26
第三節 金控銀行與企業特性之貸款關係 .....................28
第四節 貸款契約與貸款企業之關係..........................29
第五節 分年度討論銀行特性與企業貸款關係..................29
第五章 結論與建議........................................33
參考文獻..................................................35
中文部分..................................................35
英文部分..................................................36

表目錄
表 1 貸款契約、銀行特性與借款企業特性敘述統計............40
表 2 本國銀行家數、逾放比及放款餘額......................22
表 3 銀行特性與企業特性之迴歸結果-全部樣本...............42
表 4 銀行淨值與企業特性之迴歸結果-以企業規模分...........44
表 5 銀行年限與企業特性之迴歸結果-以企業規模分...........46
表 6 銀行不良債權與企業特性之迴歸結果-以企業規模分.......48
表 7 銀行負債比與企業特性之迴歸結果-以企業規模分.........50
表 8 銀行營收與企業特性之迴歸結果-以企業規模分...........52
表 9 銀行獲利能力與企業特性之迴歸結果-以企業規模分.......54
表10 銀行家數別之敘述統計................................56
表11 銀行家數對企業特性順序型邏輯迴歸結果-以企業規模分...57
表12 銀行家數對企業特性羅吉斯迴歸結果-以銀行家數分.......59
表13 銀行家數對銀行特性迴歸結果..........................60
表14 金控銀行對貸款契約迴歸結果..........................60
表15 金控銀行對企業特性迴歸結果..........................61
表16 貸款契約對企業特性迴歸結果..........................63
表17 銀行特性與企業特性之迴歸結果-1991~1997年(全部樣本)..64
表18 銀行特性與企業特性之迴歸結果-1998~2000年(全部樣本)..65
表19 銀行特性與企業特性之迴歸結果-2001~2006年(全部樣本)..66
表20 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1991~1997年(20％規模公司).67
表21 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1998~2000年(20％規模公司).68
表22 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果2001~2006年(20％規模公司).69表23 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1991~1997年(40％規模公司).70表24 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1998~2000年(40％規模公司).71表25 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果2001~2006年(40％規模公司).72
表26 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1991~1997年(60％規模公司).73表27 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1998~2000年(60％規模公司).74表28 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果2001~2006年(60％規模公司).75
表29 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1991~1997年(80％規模公司).76
表30 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1998~2000年(80％規模公司).77
表31 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果2001~2006年(80％規模公司).78
表32 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1991~1997年(100％規模公司) ................................................79
表33 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果1998~2000年(100％規模公司) ................................................80
表34 銀行特性與企業特性迴歸結果2001~2006年(100％規模公司) ................................................81

中文部分
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5. 陳曉琪，2005，銀行關係往來－全球國家的實證，國立中興大學財務金融研究所碩士論文。
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