臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究欲利用羧甲基幾丁聚醣 (CMCS) 之生物相容性、親水、穩定無毒、具兩性官能等優點，改善網印電極 (screen-printed electrode, SPE) 電化學特性；先於鹼性下將幾丁聚醣 (chitosan, CS) 改質為具水溶性之 CMCS， 並進一步將其修飾在SPE 上，以赤血鹽當作電子傳遞介質，再滴覆上葡萄糖氧化酶 (GOD)，製成低廉、方便攜帶的可棄式葡萄糖感測器。經由材料鑑定與特性分析確認了 CMCS 上之羧甲基，同時，亦利用循環伏安、計時安培、交流阻抗分析等電化學方法進行修飾性 SPE 之電化學特性探討。結果顯示修飾性 SPE 不僅可降低電子傳遞阻抗，且其電化學特性亦較未修飾 SPE 為佳；在結合 GOD 後，對於葡萄糖之催化電流亦有提升之效果，且經由電子傳遞動力學之解析，知其屬典型的表面擴散控制。然後經由最適化條件之探討，CMCS 修飾性 SPE 最適工作電位：0.35 V；最適酵素覆載量：0.8 U；最適 pH：7。但在建立葡萄糖檢量線的同時，發現 CMCS 修飾性 SPE 的靈敏度不佳，探討結果發現 CMCS 的分子量大、黏度高且流動性不佳，造成阻礙，於是用氧化降解法將CMCS 降解成低分子量CMCS (LM-CMCS)，而實驗結果也顯示 LM-CMCS 更助於 Ferri 在電極表面的分散，提升電活性面積，而感測靈敏度達到 0.443 贡A/mM，較修飾前提升了約 25 %。

This study is to synthesize functionalized carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) by
carboxylation reaction of chitosan (CS), to modify screen-printed electrode (SPE) for preparing an inexpensive, convenient and disposable glucose biosensor with glucose oxidase and ferricyanide (as a mediator). It is supposed that the electrochemical properties of SPE may be improved by utilizing the characteristic, biocompatible, hydrophilic, non-toxic and amphoteric functional groups of CMCS. The carboxymethyl group on CMCS was firstly confirmed via various identifying and characterizing analyses of the material. And then the electrochemical behaviors of various modified SPEs were investigated by CV and EIS. Results show that the CMCS-modified SPE demonstrates not only better electrochemical characteristics but a significant
enhancement of catalytic current for glucose. Moreover, the electrochemical behavior of the modified SPE belongs to diffusion-control kinetics. The optimal operation conditions of glucose biosensor, such as working potential, enzyme loading, and pH were 0.35V, 0.8U and pH 7, respectively. However, the biosensor showed a wider linearity, but a lower sensitivity, than the bare SPE. Because of using a high-molecular-weight CMCS solution, there might be an electron transfer barrier between GOD and the mediator, due to its high viscosity and poor mobility. Therefore, a low-molecular-weight CMCS was prepared from oxidative degradation by H2O2 and was used for modifying SPE and the sensitivity of the resulting biosensor for glucose was ca. 0.443 μA/mM with a wide linearity up to ~33 mM and the lower detection limit
of about 3.2 mg/dl.

中文摘要 ........................................................................................................................... I
Abstract ............................................................................................................................. II
圖目錄 .............................................................................................................................. V
表目錄 ............................................................................................................................ VI
第一章 緒論 .................................................................................................................... 1
第二章 研究背景與文獻回顧 ........................................................................................ 3
2.1 生物感測器 ...................................................................................................... 3
2.1.1生物感測器的種類 .............................................................................. 4
2.2葡萄糖生物感測器 ........................................................................................... 5
2.2.1第一代葡萄糖生物感測器 .................................................................. 5
2.2.2第二代葡萄糖生物感測器 .................................................................. 7
2.3 網印電極(screen-printed electrode, SPE) ........................................................ 8
2.3.1 SPE 葡萄糖生物感測器電極材料之修飾 ........................................... 9
2.4 生物高分子於感測方面之應用 .................................................................... 11
2.5 幾丁聚醣與羧甲基幾丁聚醣 ........................................................................ 15
2.5.1 幾丁聚醣介紹與各領域之應用 ....................................................... 15
2.5.2 幾丁聚醣感測領域之應用 ............................................................... 18
2.5.3 幾丁聚醣衍生物 ─ 羧甲基幾丁聚醣 ........................................... 21
第三章 電化學分析方法 .............................................................................................. 26
3.1 電化學阻抗頻譜分析技術 (EIS) ................................................................. 26
3.2 循環伏安法 (CV) .......................................................................................... 28
3.3計時安培法 (CA) ........................................................................................... 33
3.4計時電位法 (CP) ........................................................................................... 34
第四章 材料與實驗方法 .............................................................................................. 37
4.1藥品與材料 ..................................................................................................... 37
4.2儀器 ................................................................................................................. 38
4.3網印電極 Screen printed electrode (SPE)結構圖 ......................................... 39
4.4 實驗架構 ........................................................................................................ 40
4.5 實驗步驟 ........................................................................................................ 41
4.5.1 實驗溶液配置 ................................................................................... 41
4.5.2 羧甲基幾丁聚醣 (CMCS) 之製備 .................................................. 42

4.5.3 傅立葉轉換紅外線光譜儀 (FTIR) .................................................. 43
4.5.4 X光繞射分析儀 (XRD) ................................................................... 43
4.5.5 CMCS 修飾性 SPE 電化學特性之最適添加量探討 .................... 43
4.5.6 CMCS 修飾性 SPE 電化學特性之催化特性探討 ........................ 43
4.5.7 CMCS 修飾性 SPE之動力學參數探討 ......................................... 44
4.5.8 葡萄糖生物感測器最適化工作電位探討 ....................................... 44
4.5.9 葡萄糖生物感測器最適化酵素覆載量探討 ................................... 44
4.5.10 葡萄糖生物感測器最適化 pH探討 ............................................... 44
4.5.11 葡萄糖生物感測器檢量線之建立 ................................................. 45
4.5.12 葡萄糖生物感測器干擾物之影響 ................................................. 45
4.5.13 葡萄糖生物感測器之真實樣品 ..................................................... 45
第五章 結果與討論 ...................................................................................................... 46
5.1 材料鑑定 ........................................................................................................ 46
5.1.1 傅立葉轉換式光譜分析 (FTIR) ...................................................... 46
5.1.2 X-光繞射分析儀 (XRD) ................................................................... 47
5.2 CMCS 修飾性 SPE 電化學特性探討 ......................................................... 47
5.2.1 CMCS 最適添加濃度 ........................................................................ 47
5.2.2 CMCS 催化電流；是否能直接電子傳遞 ....................................... 49
5.2.3 CMCS 動力學參數探討 ................................................................... 50
5.3 感測最適操作條件探討與檢量線建立 ........................................................ 53
5.3.1 感測最適化操作電位探討 ............................................................... 53
5.3.2 感測最適化酵素覆載量探討 ........................................................... 54
5.3.3 感測最適化 pH 探討 ....................................................................... 54
5.3.4 CMCS 修飾性 SPE 葡萄糖檢量線之建立 ................................. 55
5.3.5 修飾性電極之表面形態探討 ........................................................... 58
5.4 感測干擾物之影響 ........................................................................................ 62
5.5真實樣品之檢測 ............................................................................................. 63
第六章、結論 ................................................................................................................ 64
參考文獻 ........................................................................................................................ 65

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