臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

CNS/ATM為新一代通訊、導航、監視與飛航管理系統，預計在西元2010全球同步實施。目前的飛航管制系統，依賴地面站台來作通訊及導航的工作，造成使用空域的浪費。且在目前的飛航管制規則下，機場顯得擁擠，在尖峰時間需作流量管制，使飛機在空中或地面等候，造成延誤，並危害飛航安全。在CNS/ATM架構下，使用衛星通訊導航，通訊及導航系統將不受地域的限制，可飛越海洋、沙漠、極地上空，增加了空域的使用。使用衛星定位精確訂出飛機的經緯度位置，速度，高度，加上飛機使用自動廣播系統，加強防撞功能，使隔離距離縮小，空域容量加大。
台北飛航情報區(Taipei FIR)是國際間繁忙的飛航情報區之一，銜接亞、歐、美、澳四大洲的交通樞紐。在本文中將規劃台北飛航情報區內的各個系統，使之具備提早實施自由飛行能力，以吸引更多的航空公司來利用。本研究以十分有限的參考資料，從基礎的飛航管制技術中提出本區發展開闢自由飛行路徑的可行方案，及實行CNS/ATM架構所需要的系統。包括新一代通訊、導航、監視系統的架構應具備的要素，飛航管理系統的架構及台北飛航情報區中自由飛行的實現所需要的系統。規劃在A-1航路上，由其他機場起飛，降落於台北飛航情報區中機場的飛航。

Communication, Navigation, Surveillance and Air Traffic Management (CNS/ATM) will be implemented in 2010. Nowadays, the function of communication and navigation from Air Traffic Control (ATC) System depends on ground stations, which causes waste of airspace. Besides, at rush hours, airports are crowded and need flow management that leads to delay and danger, because airplanes have to hold either in the air or on the ground. CNS/ATM uses satellites instead of ground stations to do communication and navigation. It increases the use of airspace including that of oceans, deserts, and Polar Regions. Therefore, with the use of satellites which shows the exact position of airplanes and ADS-B on airplanes, it decreases the restrict of separation distance, avoids conflict and increases the use of airspace.
Taipei FIR is one of the busiest ones in the world, for it''s the connection of Asia, Europe, America, and Australia. In this context, we will lay out the whole systems in Taipei FIR to help it implement free flight, and appeal more airlines to use it. We developed useful proposal for free-flight routes according to basic Air Traffic Control and limited reference.
To implement CNS/ATM in Taipei FIR, the following requirements need to be discussed: the factors of establishing a new communication, navigation, and surveillance system, the structure of Air Traffic Control, and the required system to implement free flight in Taipei FIR.
This proposal lays out all the requirements for flights which take off from other airports and land in the airports in Taipei FIR along A-1 airway.

授權書
摘要
誌謝
目錄
縮寫對照
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………….1
第二章 飛航管制系統的運作………………………………………………….5
2-1 目前飛航管制（ATC）的架構…………………………………………………….5
2-2 目前飛航管制設備……………………………………………………………..7
2-3 氣象因素………………………………………………………………………10
2-4 飛航人為因素…………………………………………………………………...11
第三章 通訊、導航與監視系統……………..………………………………19
3-1 通訊系統………………………………………………………………………...19
3-1.1 衛星通訊…………………………………………………………………20
3-1.2 數據鏈連結………………………………………………………………20
3-1.3 管制員-駕駛員數據鏈通訊系統……………………………………….21
3-1.4 航空電訊網路……………………………………………………………22
3-1.5 通訊系統的實現總結…………………………………………………..22
3-2 導航系統………………………………………………………………………...28
3-2.1 衛星導航系統系統…………………………………………………….28
3-2.2 廣域擴增系統…………………………………………………………...29
3-2.3 區域擴增系統…………………………………………………………...29
3-2.4 導航系統的實現總結…………………………………………………...30
3-3 監視系統………………………………………………………………………...32
3-3.1 自動回報廣播系統……………………………………………………...32
3-3.2 座艙資訊顯示系統……………………………………………………...33
3-3.3 航情警告及防撞系統…………………………………………………...34
3-3.4 監視系統的實現總結………………………………………………….34
第四章 飛航管理系統…………………………………………………………38
4-1 飛航管理架構…………………………………………………………………38
4-2 流量管理………………………………………………………………….……..41
4-3 空域管理………………………………………………………………………...42
4-4 飛航管理系統在台北飛航情報區中的實現總結……………………………...42
第五章 自由飛行………………………………………………………………49
5-1 自由飛行概念…………………………………………………………………...49
5-1.1 自由飛行組成單位……………………………………………………...50
5-1.2 衝突的解決流程………………………………………………………...50
5-1.3 自由飛行次系統………………………………………………………...51
5-2 飛航管制建議次系統.………………………………………………………...56
5-2.1 排序………………………………………………………………………57
5-2.2 排班………………………………………………………………………57
5-2.3 跑道分配…………………………………………………………………59
5-2.4 使用者圖像介面…………………………………………………………61
5-3 進場間隔次系統………………………………………………………………...67
5-3.1 航路分析與軌跡整合…………………………………………………...67
5-3.2 排序及排班員…………………………………………………………...68
5-3.3 解決碰撞………………………………………………………………...68
5-3.4 跑道分配…………………………………………………………………69
5-3.5 管制員介面……………………………………………………………...69
5-4 合作決策次系統………………………………………………………………72
5-4.1 合作決策次系統網…………………………………………………….73
5-4.2 交通班表監視…………………………………………………………...73
5-4.3 機場到場表……………………………………………………………...73
5-4.4 操作評估工具…………………………………………………………...73
5-4.5 交通班表分析….…………………………………………………….…..74
5-5 評估使用者所要求航路次系統………………………………………………...77
5-6 機場地面動向諮詢次系統……………………………………………………...81
5-7 台北飛航情報區中自由飛行的實現總結……………………………………...84
第六章 結論………………………………………………………………………86
參考文獻
自述
著作權聲明

書目
[1] Michael Wambsganss, "Collaborative Decision Making Through Dynamic Information Transfer", ATC Quarterly, Volume 4, Number 2, 1996
研討會報告
[2] Chen-Chung Hsin, "Communication System", The fourth CNS/ATM Seminar in Taipei March 31, 1999
[3] Francis Choi, "Application of Space Technology to CNS/ATM for Civil Aviation", The third CNS/ATM Seminar in Taipei March 25-26, 1998
期刊論文
[4] Anthony Warren, "A Methodology And Initial Results Specifying Requirements for Free Flight Transitions", 1996 IEEE
[5] Bernhard Czerlitzki, "The Experimental Flight Management System: Advanced Functionality to Comply with ATC Constraints", ATC Quarterly, Vol. 2, No. 3, 1994，p
[6] Capt. R. Michael Baiada, "Free Flight-Rapid Implementation", Journal of ATC, July-September 1996
[7] David H. Featherstone, "Aeronautical Satellite Communication for Automatic Dependent Surveillance", Journal of ATC, July-September 1997
[8] Donald O. Weitzman & Steven Barry, "Human Factors in Free Flight: Technology Alone is Not Enough", Journal of ATC, April-June 1996
[9] Edward P. Carrigan & James E. Dieudonne & Barbara C. MacDonald, "Field Evaluation Move ATM System Toward Free Flight", Journal of ATC, April-June 1997
[10] Larry Turner, "Transitioning to CNS/ATM-Tools to the Future", Journal of ATC, July-September 1997
[11] Roger Wall & William Cook & James DeArmon and Emily Beaton, "Self-Management Arrival Resequencing Tool: An Experiment in Collaborative Air Traffic Management", Journal of ATC, April-June 1997
[12] Stephen A. Kalish, "An Industry Perspective on NAS Modernization", Journal of ATC, April-June 1998
網路資料
[13] FAA, "The FAA''s Center for Advanced Aviation System Developmant", http://www.faa.gov/caasd/
[14] Gregory L.Wong &Tomas J. Davis, "CTAS Center-TRACON Automation System", http://www.ctas.arc.nasa.gov
[15] John Thronton, "FFP1 Program", http://204.108.10.243