臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

Chlorella sp.欲依靠自營大量培養，易受限制於碳源提供，目前以空氣或二氧化碳當碳源都很難提升小球藻的生長速率。本研究目的在於研究小球藻量產化製程的最佳碳的來源，選用碳酸鈉與碳酸鈣為碳源，另使用由二氧化碳固定而成之碳酸鹽類為碳源。藻類生長量的測量是以分光光度法測量藻體之吸光密度(optical density，OD)後求得藻體濃度，並對照藻體乾重之檢量線，以求得藻體重量。
實驗結果顯示，使用碳酸鈉與碳酸鈣為碳源，用以進行藻體之培養，培養時間為14天。由產量及投入的碳酸鈉量之比值得知，小球藻之培養效果於碳酸鈉添加量2.5g/L時達到1.7g為佳。由產量及投入的碳酸鈣量之比值得知，小球藻之培養效果於碳酸鈣添加量2.5g/L時達到1.42g/L為佳。
另外使用氫氧化納提升水之鹼度，進行二氧化碳的捕捉，並利用被捕捉固定的二氧化碳形成之碳酸鹽進行小球藻之培養，實驗結果所得之藻量為1.55 g/L，被固定之二氧化碳沉澱物，可於固定完成後取出於他處進行小球藻之培養，可以得到1.57g/L之藻量。

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to study various carbon sources, including sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate and fixed carbon dioxide solution, to optimize the process for chlorella sp. product. The spectrophotometric measurement of the absorbance of optical density (optical density, OD) of culture broth is used to obtain the concentration of algae and the dry weight of the algae
The experimental results show that the dry weight of chlorella achieving 1.7g/L dry weight. We addition 2.5g/L sodium carbonate, whilst the dry weight of chlorella reaching 1.42g/L as using calcium carbonate as carbon source at the same concentration.
In the thesis, fixation of carbon dioxide by sodium hydroxide is studied to obtain enriched carbon dioxide solution. The cultivation of chlorella sp. in above solution is processed. The result shows that 1.57g/L of chlorella dry cells is obtained. The thesis demonstrates that addition of sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, or enriched carbon dioxide solution very be a promising strategy to enhance the growth of chlorella sp.

目次
摘要 I
Abstract II
目次 III
圖目錄 VI
表目錄 VII
表目錄 VII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機和目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 藻類介紹 3
2.2 小球藻介紹 4
2.3 小球藻的應用 5
2.3.1 商業應用 5
2.3.2 環境淨化應用 8
2.3.3 小球藻之生理活性 9
2.4 小球藻於CO2固定、生質能源與飼料之利用 12
2.4.1 二氧化碳固定 12
2.4.2 生質燃油 14
2.4.3 燃料電池 16
2.5 小球藻的培養 19
2.5.1 小球藻的生理介紹 19
2.5.2 光合作用 21
2.5.3 呼吸作用 23
2.6 小球藻現有培養技術分析 26
2.6.1 開放式培養系統 26
2.6.2 密閉式培養系統 27
2.7 小球藻培養之影響參數 30
2.7.1 光照 30
2.7.2 碳源 32
2.7.3 氮源 33
2.7.4 溫度 33
2.7.5 酸鹼值 35
第三章 研究方法 36
3.1 實驗架構 36
3.1 實驗材料 37
3.1.1 藻種 37
3.1.2 海水 37
3.1.3 培養基組成 38
3.1.4 實驗藥品 41
3.1.5 實驗儀器設備 42
3.2 實驗方法 43
3.2.1 藻種培養 43
3.2.2 藻種保存 44
3.2.3 小球藻生長曲線 45
3.2.4 碳酸鹽培養 45
3.2.5 鹼水吸附二氧化碳試驗 45
3.2.6 小球藻以固定化二氧化碳培養 46
3.3 測量方式 47
3.3.1 分光光度計測定 47
3.3.2 乾重測定 47
3.3.3 pH測定 48
第四章 結果與討論 49
4.1 小球藻生長曲線 49
4.2 不同種類碳酸鹽培養 51
4.3 不同濃度碳酸鈉培養 54
4.4 不同濃度碳酸鈣培養 57
4.5 碳酸鹽培養優化 60
4.6 鹼水吸附二氧化碳 63
4.7 小球藻以固定化二氧化碳培養 66
4.8 小球藻利用固定化二氧化碳沉澱物之培養 69
第五章 結論 72
第六章 參考文獻 74












圖目錄
圖 2. 1Sheng-Yi Chiu設計之光反應器簡圖 14
圖 2. 2生質柴油生產流程 14
圖 2. 3轉酯化反應 15
圖 2. 4雙室型微生物燃料電池 17
圖 2. 5小球藻之代謝路徑 21
圖 2. 6光合作用之光反應和暗反應示意圖 22
圖 2. 7脂肪酸氧化示意圖 25
圖 2. 8開放式培養系統(a)淺池(b)開放式槽體(c)圓形培養池(d)跑道型培養池 27
圖 2. 9密閉式培養系統(a)發酵槽(b)培養袋(c)平板光生化反應器(d)管狀光生化反應器 28
圖 2. 10光合作用速率與光強度之關係圖 31
圖 2. 11在不同光強下，溫度對生長速率的影響 34
圖 2. 12低中高三種溫度在不同光強下對生長速率的影響 34
圖 3. 1 小球藻藻重檢量線 48
圖 4. 1小球藻生長曲線和pH值變化 50
圖 4. 2小球藻使用不同碳酸鹽作為碳源之生長曲線 52
圖 4. 3小球藻使用不同碳酸鹽作為碳源之pH值變化 53
圖 4. 4不同碳酸鈉濃度對小球藻生長影響之生長曲線 55
圖 4. 5不同碳酸鈉濃度對小球藻生長影響之pH值變化 55
圖 4. 6不同碳酸鈣濃度對小球藻生長影響之生長曲線 58
圖 4. 7不同碳酸鈣濃度對小球藻生長影響之pH值變化 58
圖 4. 8鹼性環境對於碳酸鹽培養之影響的生長曲線 61
圖 4. 9鹼性環境對於碳酸鹽培養之影響的pH值變化 61
圖 4. 10添加NaOH之海水進行二氧化碳捕捉的pH變化 65
圖 4. 11小球藻以固定化二氧化碳培養的生長曲線 68
圖 4. 12小球藻以固定化二氧化碳培養的pH變化 68
圖 4. 13鹼水沉澱物培養生長曲線 70
圖 4. 14鹼水沉澱物培養pH值變化 71





表目錄
表 2. 1小球藻商業用途 7
表 2. 2商業化大規模藻類培養系統與使用藻種 29
表 3. 1WALNE，S MEDIUM- NUTRIENT SOLUTION組成 39
表 3. 2WALNE，S MEDIUM- TRACE METAL SOLUTION 40
表 3. 3WALNE，S MEDIUM- VITAMIN SOLUTION 40
表 4. 1不同種類碳酸鹽培養結果 53
表 4. 2不同濃度碳酸鈉培養結果 56
表 4. 3不同濃度碳酸鈣培養結果 59
表 4. 4鹼性環境對於碳酸鹽培養之影響培養結果 62
表 4. 5NaOH海水溶液(1、2、3、4、5、10G/L)二氧化碳捕捉結果 64

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