臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究主要在進行全場域風力應用技術開發，進而提升本CCT實驗室先前所開發的風力製冰與發電兩用機之技術。為達此目的，本論文進一步發明與開發多層磁切發電機，透過發電機之電磁感應線圈數與外接負載的自動調整，來有效抓取不穩定的風力輸入，使維持發電機的工作效率在所有風速下均為最佳與最大值。本多層磁切發電機乃以兩兩互相吸引的磁鐵盤，並在中間夾著線圈組所製成，當磁鐵盤轉動時，磁力線切過線圈而感應生電，本論文所使用的發電機由4個磁鐵盤
搭配3個線圈組所製成。此外，本論文利用Labview控制系統對發電機進行感應線圈數與外接負載自動切換，提供不同轉速所對應的最佳盤數與負載，使發電機維持全功率輸出，達到不同轉速下其工作效率仍然維持接近定值。本論文將多層磁切發電機結合本CCT實驗室先期製作之風力製冰與發電兩用機之風力機進行測量，結果顯示，風速於6～12m/s之間，使用可自動控制盤數負載之發電機，風力發電機整體效率最高達約19.68%，但是，若使用固定三盤線圈組並負載980W之發電機，整體風力發電最大效率約達16.58%，整體效率增加超過3%。

This article aims to develop harvesting techniques and applications of the full-field wind energy. The purpose is to
improve the previous dual system of wind chiller integrated with wind generator in our CCT laboratory. This work further invented and developed the rotational magnetic cutting generator with multi-layer structure. This special electric generator can effectively capture the unstable wind energy and keep the optimal working efficiency in the full-field wind, using the automatic adjusting to control the electric coil number and circuit load. The rotational magnetic cutting generator with multi-layer structure is built in a fixed electric coil cluster between two rotational mutually attracted magnetic plates. The electromotive force is induced in the electric coils while the two rotational mutually attracted magnetic plates are passing the electric coil cluster. In this work, the automatic adjusting electric coil number and circuit load is controlled by the Labview program. Finally, the rotational magnetic cutting generator with multi-layer structure is built in the dual system of wind chiller integrated with wind generator for the working efficiency measurements. The results show that wind speed between 6～12m/s, using automatic control of the load and the plate number for generator, the maximum efficiency is about 19.68%. Using fixed generator for with three coil clusters and load 980W, the maximum efficiency is about 16.58%. The total efficiency has more than 3% increment rate.

目 錄

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vi
圖目錄 vii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 文獻回顧 2
1.3 研究動機與目的 5
第二章 基礎理論 6
2.1 風力機之效率分析 6
2.1.1 葉片擷取風能之效率(Cp)分析 6
2.1.2 葉片尖速比 9
2.1.3 風力機之效率計算 9
2.2 風力發電系統 11
2.2.1 電磁感應發電 11
2.2.2 法拉第定律 12
2.3 多層磁切發電機之效率分析 13
2.3.1 盤式發電機 13
2.3.2 效率計算 13
第三章 實驗架設 15
3.1 風力機效率測定 15
3.1.1 風力機之葉片製作 15
3.1.2 風力機之效率測定裝置架設 20
3.1.2.1 慢速風洞 20
3.1.2.2 風力機架設與量測 24
3.2 全場域風力發電機之效率測定 26
3.2.1 多層磁切發電機製作 26
3.2.1.1 一代多層磁切發電機 26
3.2.1.2 二代線圈定子機構製作 30
3.2.1.3 二代磁鐵轉子機構製作 34
3.2.1.4 測試機構製作 38
3.2.2 多層磁切發電機之效率測定裝置架設 41
3.2.2.1 發電機轉速擷取與IV曲線量測 41
3.2.2.2 發電機盤數與負載切換 45
3.3 全場域風力發電機之實務測定 49
3.3.1 全場域風力發電機安裝 49
3.3.2 全場域風力發電機之效率測定裝置架設 49
第四章 結果與討論 54
4.1 風力機葉片效率(Cp)探討 54
4.1.1 垂直軸風力機之葉片效率(Cp)分析 54
4.1.1.1 葉片轉速隨時間變化 54
4.1.1.2 葉片角加速度隨時間變化 58
4.1.1.3 葉片扭矩隨時間變化 61
4.1.1.4 葉片效率(Cp)隨時間變化 64
4.2.2 垂直軸與水平軸風力機之葉片效率(Cp)比較 68
4.2 全場域風力發電機之效率探討 69
4.2.1 多層磁切發電機之效率分析 69
4.2.1.1 改良式多層磁切發電機之效率分析 70
4.2.1.2 一、二代多層磁切發電機比較 79
4.1.2 全場域風力發電機之效率分析 79
4.3 全場域風力發電機之實務效率分析 84
第五章 結論 91
第六章 未來展望 93
參考文獻 94

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