臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

　　石黑一雄的成名突顯出兩點英國文學重要的轉變：首先英國的作家因為舊有帝國的衰敗而使得他們對自己喪失了自信心，其次大多數得獎的小說作者都有多重文化的背景。他們特有的寫作風格在他們的作品中顯現出文化的衝擊。本論文會討論石黑一雄如何利用對自己有利的機會來成名，以及在他成名之後，如何利用敘事者的己見來陳述故事。他用回憶的方式讓敘事者做選擇性的陳述，而這其中與事實真相的差距就可以巴赫汀的論點來加以詮釋。巴赫汀所關切的中心理念即是“他者”。藉由它在語言中的相對性，我們不僅可以看出語言中的深層含意，也可顯現出社會問題中的缺乏溝通。在The Remains of the Day一書中，時間和空間的安排是頗為特別的。巴赫汀所提出的chronotope觀點雖然是將科學的看法用在文學上，但是他的重點是更強調人性中的不定性。在此章中史帝文斯先生的人格會作充分的討論；大家所認定的史帝文斯先生和肯頓小姐之間的愛情也會有全然不同的詮釋。在The Unconsoled一書中怪誕不羈的故事，除了以夢來解釋這一切非理性的陳述，巴赫汀所提出的Carnivalization觀點更適合來詮釋這本小說。萊德先生在這本書中所遇見各式各樣的人實際上是他自己本身的多重面貌。雖然石黑一雄在他的寫作上仍有缺失，但讀者仍可在這位自我要求甚高的小說家的作品中看到他的成長。

　　kazuo Ishiguro's popularity manifests two important changes in English literature: First, British writers felt they lost their confidence because of the decline of this old empire. Second, most winners of the Booker-McConnell Prize have more than one cultural backgrounds. Their specific characteristics of writing are to introduce another cultural impact into their works. This thesis starts with the moment of how it was the advantageous time for Kazuo Ishiguro to become famous. After he became well-known, Ishiguro became more interested in discovering how the point of view of a narrator can manipulate the story-telling. The technique he likes to use is memory, which provides narrators lots of choices to tell the story. The gaps between things narrated and not narrated are appropriate to take Bakhtin's theory to interpret these phenomena. The central issue that Bakhtin concerns is otherness. From his linguistic relativity, this dialogic idea can discuss not only underlying meanings of language, but also social problems of disconnection. In The Remains of the Day, the most interesting point is its time-space arrangement. Bakhtin's chronotope not only brings this scientific idea into literature but also put emphasis on its humanistic side. Here Mr. Stevens's characteristics are fully discussed. The love between Mr. Stevens and Miss Kenton here is given a completely different interpretation. In The Unconsoled, the most interesting point is its wired, fantastic story. Besides the generally recognized interpretation as a dream, Bakhtin's carnivaliztion is even more suitable for this long story. Lots of people Mr. Ryder meets are actually the multiple reflections of himself. Though Kazuo Ishiguro still has some defects in this writing, he is a self-demanding novelist that readers can see his improvement in each of his novels.