臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究中包含了模擬分析與實驗兩大部分，交互對照模具與鍛件表面溫度與接觸介面熱傳導係數，最後再分析模擬與實驗的模具溫度在理想狀態與實際狀態下的差異性，了解兩者間的差異性後未來將可運用於逆運算法估算出模具或鍛件間不易量測之溫度。在熱鍛造中，除了加壓使鍛件產生塑性變形之外，模具與鍛件溫度變化亦是重要的原因之一。有關熱鍛加工溫度探討，在過去已引起學者之重視與探討，其中又以如何利用鍛件與模具之溫度變化求得鍛件與模具間之熱傳係數為大家重視之焦點。

模擬分析部份，使用了Deform-2D(Design Environment For Forming)求解，分析模具和鍛件在設定的網格點上的溫度暫態變化。實驗製作部份則是先使用加熱器將上下模具加熱，鍛件則放進加熱爐加熱，等到達所需求的溫度再開始實施鍛壓，應用熱電偶線埋於模具上，配合溫度擷取器和電腦來紀錄模具溫度的分佈。

最後探討熱鍛製程中，由實驗和模擬所得的模具溫度來分析模具與鍛件接觸面的未知熱傳量及溫度，進一步可求得鍛壓時，接觸面於不同時刻的熱傳系數。

This research has two parts, including the analysis of simulation and experiments, interactive comparison that contact of the die and workpiece with the surface temperature and thermal conductivity interface, Finally, analyze the difference of the simulation and experimental of the temperature of the die in the ideal state and the actual state. In hot forging, in addition to plastic deformation, the temperature change is also an important reason. The temperature of the hot forging process, in the past has attracted the attention and of scholars, among which how to obtain forgings and die heat transfer coefficient between the focus of our attention.
In the simulation analysis part, used the Deform-2D (Design Environment For Forming) to solve, to analyzing of the die and workpiece that set of temperature transient changes in the grid points. Experimental process of the first part is heated using the heater to the top and bottom die, then put the workpiece into the furnace heating, when reaching the needs temperature and then starting hot forging, application thermocouple buried in the dies, with the temperature acquisition device and computer to record the distribution of mold temperature.
Finally, we discuss in the hot forging process, obtained the die temperature by the experiment and simulation to analyze, unknown contact surface heat transfer rate and temperature, and further can be obtained by forging, the contact surface at different times of the heat transfer coefficient.

摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致 謝 III
圖 目 錄 VI
表 目 錄 VIII
符 號 說 明 IX
一、緒 論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 研究方法 6
1.4 研究目的 6
1.5 本文架構 7
二、理論基礎 8
2.1 簡介 8
2.2 鍛造成形法介紹 8
2.2.1 鍛造方法 8
2.2.2 鍛造溫度 9
2.2.3 熱鍛製程之優缺點 10
2.3溫度量測方法 12
2.4 DEFORM軟體介紹 14
2.4.1 軟體簡介 14
2.4.2 模擬參數設定及其步驟 17
三、實驗架構與操作 19
3.1 實驗架構 19
3.2 實驗目的 20
3.3 模具設計 20
3.4 實驗設備 24
3.5 實驗方法 31
3.6 溫度量測驗證 32
3.7 實驗步驟 33
四、結果與討論 38
4.1 鍛造製程模擬 38
4.2 模擬結果與比較 39
4.2.1 不同鍛壓速度 44
4.3 實驗結果與比較 47
4.4 模擬結果與實驗結果之比較 50
五、結論與建議 53
5.1 結論 53
5.2 建議 55
參 考 文 獻 56
附 錄 58
附錄A：迭代法(Iteration methods) 58
附錄B：對流熱傳遞原理 61
2.4.1 自然對流(Natural Convection) 63
2.4.2 強制對流(Force Convection) 63
個 人 簡 歷 65

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