臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

唐．德利洛的《白色噪音》和《毛二世》主要刻畫八○年代後期以降，美國人在媒體、複製影像及商品環伺中生活的困境及其尋找救贖的歷程。評論者常引用布西亞的擬象(simulations)理論，指出小說中的主人翁週遭所發生的事件突顯真實(reality)在無數複製過程裡流失而被超真實(hyperreal)所取代的現象，進而反映主人翁一味區分虛實的徒勞無功與追求真實的荒謬可笑。本論文試圖結合布希亞的誘惑理論(seduction)、致命策略(fatal strategies)以及拉崗的精神分析，說明這兩部小說除了批判傳媒等複製機器如何發揮魔力建構事實，更刻畫人物在虛實混沌不明的情況下內心所產生的不安與恐懼；雖然小說中的主人翁向外尋求各式各樣的擬仿以治療內在恐懼的企圖注定了失敗的命運，但是唯有藉助這樣迷走的過程他們才會發覺所謂的意識型態與價值觀並非源自理性的分析，而是一種為了逃避現實與自我中非理性慾望的幻想，然後他們才能認同自己無以名狀的病癥(symptom)其實是生命中不可或缺的一部分。
本論文分為三章。第一章旨在合併布希亞與拉崗的理論作為後兩章文本分析的理論基礎。其首先提出布希亞的客體(object)與拉崗所提出的病癥之間的相似點在於對本質空缺(constitutive lack)的關照。拉崗強調個體的潛意識與他者(the Other)之間的關聯，建議主體認清意識型態中的空缺所投射出主體非理性的慾望並進一步與自身的病癥坦然共處。而布希亞則認為應採取客體反抗主體操縱的位置與其極端的致命策略，方能創造絕處逢生的契機。第二章及第三章採取第一章的理論架構，分別討論《白色噪音》中的傑克．葛雷尼(Jack Gladney)及《毛二世》中的布蕾塔．尼爾森(Brita Nilsson)如何在充滿布希亞式擬仿、冷誘惑(cool seduction)的美國社會中不斷地幻想並追尋全然講求理性的主體，以矇蔽意識型態與潛意識中非理性的性慾(enjoyment)。在他們追尋意義、壓抑恐懼的過程中，傑克與布蕾塔一再被反射他們慾望的小物件(objet a)誘離預先設定的軌道；他們的計畫終究功敗垂成，然而在接二連三的失敗之中他們終於明白過程本身就是這趟旅程的目的地，他們體認到身份、主體背後意義與理性並不存在，唯一存在的是空缺，是他們最不願正視卻又支持著生命的病癥、缺陷。

This thesis aims to apply Baudrillard’s critique of postmodern conditions and the Lacanian explication of ideological fantasy to the analysis of “American magic and dread” portrayed in Don DeLillo’s White Noise and Mao II. Taking my cue from the Baudrillardian critique of simulation and Lacanian psychoanalytic approach of ideological fantasy and symptom, this thesis proposes to analyze the protagonists’ dread caused as well as deepened by their encountering of Baudrillardian simulacra. It proceeds to argue that only after the failures of all their attempts to cure the dread within forms of simulated magic will they find it impossible to fill the lack covered by fantasies, recognize the object-cause of desire, and finally identify their symptoms. My thesis begins with a chapter that combines the Baudrillardian theories of seduction and fatal strategies with the Lacanian psychoanalysis. After examining the major similarity between Baudrillard’s theories of objects and the concept of the Lacanian symptom, i.e. their concern of constitutive lack in the constructed ideologies, the thesis points out that the later connects the unconscious with the Other by emphasizing the “extimacy” between the two and suggests the subject to go through fantasy and identify with symptom while the former proposes the subject to take the position of the object and learn its fatal strategies. Chapters Two and Three discuss how Jack Gladney and Brita Nilsson, the main characters in WN and M respectively, go through fantasy and identify with the symptom while being exposed to contemporary America filled with Baudrillardian simulations and encountering the void underlying them. The protagonists’ quests for intact subjectivities through ideologies and simulations fail in the end of both novels, but through the failures they realize the lack of meaning behind their illusionary identities and accept the symptom, the real kernel of their irrational enjoyment, as the only support of their beings.

Introduction
Reading White Noise and Mao II through Baudrillard and Lacan 1
Chapter One
Combing Baudrillard and Lacan: Seductive objet a and its Fatal Strategies at Work in Ideological Fantasy 9
Chapter Two
American Magic and Dread in White Noise 41
Chapter Three
Mao II: Individuality Lost and Regained 72
Conclusion 95
Works Cited 98

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