臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用國際海洋古全球變遷研究（International Marine Past Global Change Study, IMAGES）計畫於巴布亞新幾內亞東南方海域，西太平洋暖池區南緣所採的岩心MD052928（11°17.26’S，148°51.60’E，水深2250公尺，岩心總長26.10公尺），完成岩心頂部八公尺之浮游有孔蟲豐度資料分析，涵蓋過去七萬年來之時間尺度，為此區域提供良好且連續的高解析度之海水表面溫度與鹽度變化記錄。
本研究使用西太平洋與南半球岩心頂樣校準資料庫，估測本岩心浮游有孔蟲豐度變化所顯示的海表溫，並分四組區域以修正類比法進行測試，結果顯示以印度洋–西太平洋（30°N–65°S，20°E–180°E）區域之岩心頂樣校準資料庫，具有較高的估測準度。本研究所估測的近七萬年來海表溫度變化顯示，本區域在末次冰盛期無顯著降溫，但表現出明顯的千年時間尺度振盪，變化範圍約在26.8°~28.5°C。鄰近區域的浮游有孔蟲鎂鈣比海表溫記錄顯示出較大的全新世─末次冰盛期變化；此外，本岩心利用烯酮類不飽和指標所估測之海表溫亦顯示出較大的全新世–末次冰盛期變化，造成這差異的原因可能在於所使用的估測海表溫方法不同所導致。
本研究亦利用浮游有孔蟲氧同位素資料，估計在扣除冰川體積與溫度效應之後，主要反映海水表面鹽度的氧同位素變化。結果顯示在北半球急遽變冷的漂冰碎屑事件期間，本岩心的海水氧同位素明顯變輕，可能反映區域降雨量在此事件中有所增加，經與中國東部葫蘆洞石筍與澳洲北部的火山口湖沈積物古氣候比較，本研究假設在北半球急遽變冷事件期間，由於東亞–西太平洋之間熱帶輻合帶向南遷移，造成北半球降雨量減少，南半球降雨量增加，並為本研究區域帶來較大量降雨。

Marine core MD052928 (11°17.26’S, 148°51.60’E; water depth 2250 m) with sediment 26.10 m was retrieved from offshore southeastern Papua New Guinea and southern margin of western Pacific warm pool. In order to reconstruct continuous, high-quality, and high-resolution sea surface temperature (SST) and salinity (SSS) records, this study aims to analyze planktic foraminiferal assemblage variations for the topmost 8 m of core MD052928, which spanning a time scale of the past 70,000 years.
With respect to the assessment of faunal-based SST estimates on core MD052928, coretop calibration database this study used was compiled from the western Pacific and South Hemisphere oceans. This study examines four sub-datasets of the database using Revised Analog Method, and exhibits that an Indo-western Pacific sub-dataset (30°N-60°S; 20°E-180°E) has relative high accuracy in estimating SST. Variations of downcore MD052928 SSTs during the last 70,000 years reconstructed by this study reveals that in the cooling during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in the western Pacific is small, but are characterized by obviously millennial timescale oscillations with range of 26.8° to 28.5°C. Besides, the alkenone-derived SSTs measure from the same core and other published foraminiferal Mg/Ca SST record indicate a much larger change between the LGM and Holocene, implying that this discrepancy may be attributed to different sensitivity on SST methodologies.
Furthermore, while excluding ice volume and temperature effects from planktic foraminifer δ18Oof the same core, the δ18O residuals mainly reflect SSS variations. This srudy indicates that during Northern Hemisphere abrupt cooling events, Western Pacific δ18Osea water values are relatively lighter, suggesting an increase of regional precipitation during the cooling events. In comparing this study results to the speleothem records of the Hulu Cave in east China and the lake deposit record in north Australia, we hypothesize the ITCZ between Asia and Western Pacific was migrated to the south during Northern Hemisphere abrupt cooling events, and the rainfall decrease in the North Hemisphere and increase in the South Hemisphere, which bringing more rainfall to this study region.

摘要 I
Abstract III
目錄 V
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
壹、緒論 1
1.1 研究目的 1
1.2 前人研究 1
貳、材料與方法 4
2.1 海洋岩心 4
2.2 岩心頂樣資料庫選取 5
2.3 資料處理 6
2.4 海水表面溫度與鹽度估測 6
參、研究結果 10
3.1 岩心頂樣資料庫 10
3.2 Q型因子分析 11
3.3 浮游有孔蟲豐度變化 12
3.4 因子荷重變化 14
3.5 海水表面溫度與鹽度估測 14
肆、討論 17
4.1 末次冰盛期以來的海表溫度變化 17
4.2 七萬年至三萬年前之海表溫度變化 18
4.3 近七萬年來之海表鹽度變化 18
伍、結論 20
參考文獻 21

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