臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要
食物是重要的旅遊吸引力之一，食物可使遊客產生印象深刻的旅遊經驗。食物對旅遊地經濟的貢獻很大，因為旅遊部門在食物的準備與服務方面需要密集的勞力。蒙古於1921 年開始獨立，1924年建立蒙古人民共和國，1992年改制國號改為外蒙古國。 外蒙古國人口稀少又有廣大的戈壁區，土地利用大多為放牧，故可藉此農業特性轉型發展出休閒農業。他們沒有固定的領土，過得是逐水草而居的生活，牛、羊、馬、駱駝是他們賴以維生的, 所以日常用的食物就是奶食。本研究主要以烏蘭巴托的美食小吃、科布多的水果、爾漢格的奶製品等旅遊食物來分析外蒙古的旅遊吸引力。
本研究以隨機的深度訪談，在外蒙古地區選取重要的旅遊地點進行訪談，訪談地點主要是在各重要旅遊景點與鄉村的放牧人家，因為在鄉村的放牧人家比都市地區更知道如何發展食物旅遊。本研究選擇外蒙古三個主要、有名的旅遊地區-科布多、爾漢格、那達慕作為研究區域，並以這三個地區有名的旅遊食物水果與牛奶產品進行分析探討，說明蒙古旅遊食物的吸引力。
外蒙古人民屬草原遊牧民族，傳統飲食主要為乳製品及肉類，因地理環境及歷史因素之故，逐漸融合俄羅斯與中國之習慣，食用米、麵及蔬果，惟偏僻放牧區仍只吃傳統飲食，其中包括羊肉包子及餡餅、馬奶酒等頗具特色。雖然在烏蘭巴托可享用中式、俄式、韓式及日式等不同國家地區的酒,但是馬奶酒仍是外蒙古人最喜歡的一種酒,也是最有名的旅遊食物.

Abstract
Foods play an important role on tourism attraction for its facilitate tourists to shape impressive tourism experiences. Mongolia, with spare population occupied on, is covered by Gobi desert for the dry and great extremes climate. The land use of Mongolia is transforming from roaming on grasslands to nomadic pastorals. Following animals, dependent on cattle, goats, horses and camels, is a daily way of life, thus milk products has become a traditional diet for Mongolians. This study focuses on the tourist foods of Mongolia, such as the local cuisine in Ulaanbaatar, fresh fruits in Khov, milk products in Ulaangomto analyze the tourist attraction of Mongolia.
This study adopted deep interviews to collect data by random samples of herders in the rural tourist spots of Mongolia, especially focus on the tourist foods of rural festivals because of the herders living in rural areas know how to develop food tourism more than the urban herders.
Due to geographical proximity and historical culture, Mongolian traditional diets deeply depend on milk products and meat, and gradually combine with China and Sovietstyle for cooking rice, noodle, vegetables and fruits. Today, the traditional cuisine is still demonstrated in rural area such as steamed dumplings filled with meat, fried meat pies and fermented horse milk. Although in Ulaanbaatar this international big city, people taste different wine from other countries, fermented horse milk is still the favorite for Mongolians.

目 次
第一章 緒 論...................................................1
第一節 研究動機與目的...................................1
第二節 文獻回顧.........................................3
第三節 研究方法.........................................6
第四節 研究區域.........................................8
第二章 蒙古的食物旅遊吸引力...................................21
第一節 蒙古的自然與人文環境.............................21
第二節 蒙古的傳統烤肉...................................23
第三節 蒙古的奶飲食.....................................25
第三章 蒙古的食物旅遊特色...................................31
第一節 科布多鄉村的水果.................................31
第二節 爾漢格郷村的奶產品與馬奶酒.......................32
第三節 那達慕與春節文化.................................34
第四章 結論與建議.............................................41
第一節 結論.............................................41
第二節 建議.............................................42
參考文獻......................................................44

參考文獻
朱道力、薛雅惠(2006)，旅遊地理學，臺北:五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
勒內•格魯塞(著)(1939)、魏英邦(譯)(2013),草原帝國, 西寧:青海人民出版社。
薛雅惠(2004)，九二一震災重建區空間轉化之研究-以中寮香蕉山檳榔山之銳變為例，臺北:五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
薛雅惠(2009)，東山咖啡公路旅遊發展點線面空間尺度之分析與規劃，台北:五南圖書出版股份有限公司。
羅旺劄布、德山、胡泊、博彥、阿木爾門德、越智奎 (1992), 蒙古族古代戰爭史, 北京:民族出版社。
Bulter, R.W.（1989）Alternative Tourism:Pious hope or Trojan horse? World Leisure and Recreation 31（4）:9-17.
Butler, R.,Hall, C.M.&Jenkins, J.（1998）Tourism and Recreation in Rural Areas. Chichester:John Wiley and Sons.
Czech, K.M. (2003) Food trail in Austria. In Hall, C.M.,Sharples, L.,Mitchell, R.,Macionis, N.&Cambourne, B. (eds.) Wine Tourism around theWorld:Development, Management and Markets,pp.149-157,Butterworth-Heinemann:Oxford.
Gunn,C.A.（2002）Tourism Planning-Basics,Concepts,Cases.Routledge:Taylor&Francis.
Hall, C.M.（1996）Wine Tourism in New Zealand. In Kearsley, G.（ed.）Tourism Down UnderⅡ:Towards a More Sustainable Tourism,pp.109-119,Conference Proceedings,Center for Tourism,University of Otago.
Hall, C.M.&Mitchell, R.（2000）Wine Tourism in the Mediterranean:A Tool for Restructuring and Development. Thunderbird International Business Review 42（4）:445-465.
Hall, C.M.,Sharples, L.,Mitchell, R.,Macionis, N.&Cambourne, B.（eds.）（2003）Wine Tourism around the World:Development,Management and Markets. Butterworth –Heinemann:Oxford..
Hsueh, Y. H. &Chen, C. H. (2015) Using GIS Analysis to Explore the Industry Cluster Based on Locations of Tea Firms. International Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources 2(3):58-66.
Jaffe, E. & Pasternak, H. (2004) Developing Wine Trail as a Tourist Attraction in Israel. International Journal of Tourism Research 6:237-249.
Rusher, K. (2003) The Bluff Oyster Festival and Regional Economic Development: Festival as Culture Commodified. In Hall, C.M.,Sharples, L.,Mitchell, R.,Macionis, N.&Cambourne, B. (eds.) Wine Tourism around the World:Development,ManagementandMarkets,pp.192-205,Butterworth-Heinemann:Oxford.
Selwood, J. (2003) The Lure of Food:Food as an Attraction in Destination marketing in Manitoba,Canada. In Hall, C.M.,Sharples, L.,Mitchell R.,Macionis, N.&Cambourne, B.(eds.) Wine Tourism around the world:Development, Management and Markets,pp.178-191, Butterworth –Heinemann:Oxford.
Torres, R. (2003) Linkages between Tourism and Agriculture in Mexico. Annals of Tourism Research 30(3):546-566.

網頁資料
維基百科蒙古國https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD#cite_note-factbook-mn-8
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%9B%BD