臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

多環芳香碳烴化合物(PAHs)廣泛分布於空氣、食物、土壤等，PAHs是由有機物燃燒不完全所產生，PAHs污染來源如：汽機車、工廠排放廢氣及木材燃燒、吸煙與廚房油煙等。
本研究建立尿中PAHs 代謝物之分析方法，運用少量的尿液(1.5 mL)與高效率液相層析儀/螢光偵測器，以一次分析四種1-naphthol、2-naphthol、9-phenanthrol和1-hydroxypyrene 的PAHs 代謝物。評估結果包括：檢量線線性迴歸係數R＞0.995。偵測下限1-naphthol為348 ng/L，2-naphthol為230 ng/L，9-phenanthrol為71 ng/L與1-hydroxypyrene為46 ng/L；回收效率82.97 % ~ 107.85 %。
將此方法應用於實際尿液PAHs 代謝物之量測，取1.5 mL尿液，經過前處理、淨化與濃縮等前處理步驟。分析的四種代謝物中，1-naphthol檢出比率為67.5 %，1-hydroxypyrene檢出比率為90 %，然而2-naphthol 與9-phenanthrol檢出率不佳，需於前處理及儀器分析過程中稍作改善，增加此兩種物質檢測出來的機會。

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a group of chemicals with two or more than two aromatic rings and widely distributed in air, in food, in soil, and in many occupational environments. PAHs form during incomplete combustion, such as smoking, cooking oil fumes. Some PAHs are considered as carcinogens or suspected carcinogens, such as benzo[a]pyrene and chrysene. Due to their ubiquitous presence and health effects, PAHs draw the public’s attention. Many studies have investigated the external and internal PAH exposure in occupational environments. Few studies examine the PAH exposure of the general population. Therefore, this study tries to establish a method to estimate internal PAH exposures of the general population.

This study establishes the urinary PAH metabolite analysis method for assessing general population PAH. Four hydroxyl-PAH, which are 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 9-phenanthrol and 1-hydroxypyrene representing naphthalene, phenanthrene, and pyrene metabolites, respectively, are analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatograph/Fluorescence Detector. The linearity (expressing as R), limit of detection (LOD) and reproducibility (expressing as COV) are 0.996, 46 ~ 348 ng/L and 83.0 % ~ 107.9 %, respectively.

Spot urine was collected from the test subject. Before analysis, 1.5-mL thawed urine was pretreated, purified, and condensed. The condensed extracts were quantitatively determined using the established method. The detection percentages of 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 9-phenanthrol, and 1-hydroxypyrene are 67.5 %, 5 %, 5 %, and 90 %, respectively. This method is good for detection of 1-naphthol and 1-hydroxypyrene. However, detection of 2-naphthol and 9-phenanthrol is fair, more advanced analysis techniques, such as high resolution gas chromatogram/mass spectrometry, are suggested to improve detection percentages of 2-naphthol and 9-phenanthrol.

謝 誌. i
摘 要. iii
Abstract iv
縮寫對照表 v
目 錄. vi
圖目錄. ix
表目錄. x
第一章 前言 1
1-1 研究動機 1
1-2 研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2-1 多環芳香烴化合物之簡介與來源 3
2-2 多環芳香烴化合物之特性 5
2-3 多環芳香烴化合物之危害 8
2-4 多環芳香烴化合物之生物偵測 13
2-5 尿中PAHs 代謝物之前處理與分析方法 15
2-6 尿中PAHs 代謝物之分佈情形 16
第三章 研究方法與設備 20
3-1 研究架構流程 20
3-2 設備與器材 22
3-3 樣本之前處理 24
3-3-1 尿液前處理 25
3-3-2 淨化 25
3-3-3 濃縮 26
3-4 人工尿液配置 26
3-5 儀器分析條件 27
3-6 實驗室評估 30
3-6-1 標準品檢量線之建立 30
3-6-2 方法偵測下限(Method of detection limit, MDL) 31
3-6-3 回收效率 32
3-6-4 再現性評估 32
3-7 尿液樣本中肌酸酐(creatinine)之校正 33
3-8 實際分析尿液樣本 34
第四章 結果與討論 35
4-1 方法評估與品質控制 35
4-1-1 檢量線、再現性、線性範圍與方法偵測下限 35
4-1-2 回收效率 39
4-1-3 適用範圍 39
4-2 實際樣本量測 41
4-3 本研究方法與文獻比較 43
第五章 結論與建議 45
第六章 參考文獻 47

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