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研究生:陳癸方
研究生(外文):CHEN, KUEI-FANG
論文名稱:街舞運動對於大學生心理適應的影響—從認同歷程之觀點探討起
論文名稱(外文):The Influence of Street Dance on College Students' Psychological Adjustment ─ From the Viewpoint of Identity Processing
指導教授:曾幼涵曾幼涵引用關係姜元御姜元御引用關係
指導教授(外文):TSENG, YU-HANCHIANG, YUAN-YU
口試委員:尚憶薇范聖育
口試委員(外文):SHANG, I-WEIFAN,SHENG-YU
口試日期:2014-01-09
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:慈濟大學
系所名稱:人類發展學系碩士班
學門:社會及行為科學學門
學類:心理學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2014
畢業學年度:102
語文別:中文
論文頁數:139
中文關鍵詞:街舞運動認同歷程大學生心理適應
外文關鍵詞:street danceidentity processingcollege students’ psychological adaptation
相關次數:
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研究目的
本研究試圖從Berzonsky(1990)之「認同歷程」為理論框架,探討參與街舞運動的大學生,其認同歷程與心理適應之間的關係。本研究提出三大假設:1.參與街舞社團之大學生,其心理適應與其採取的認同歷程有關:訊息取向與較佳的心理適應有關;而反規範取向與散漫逃避取向則與較差的心理適應有關。2.認同歷程會隨參與街舞活動的時間長短而有所改變;3. 認同歷程之改變會伴隨心理適應之變化。

方法
本研究以量性資料為主、質性資料為輔。在量性研究的部分採橫斷性與縱貫性之研究方法,橫斷法為223位參與街舞社團的大學生,包含新生111人與舊生112人;縱貫法則是以10個月的間距,再次測量79位新生。以自陳量表的方式施測,使用「街舞參與者認同歷程量表」、「中國人幸福感量表」、「正負向情緒量表」、「自尊量表」等心理適應相關量表為測量工具。另亦透過半結構式訪談,探究初學街舞者參與街舞活動的主觀經驗。

結果與討論
本研究結果發現,(一)參與街舞運動的大學生之心理適應與其採取的認同歷程有關。訊息取向的分數愈高,則在幸福感、正向情緒、與自尊的分數也愈高;散漫逃避取向的分數愈高,則幸福感、正向情緒、與自尊則愈低分、負向情緒愈高分;在反規範取向的部分,其與幸福感、正向情緒、負向情緒、及自尊皆無顯著關聯。(二)在認同歷程改變的部分,橫斷性研究結果顯示,舊生組(平均舞齡2.46年)比新生組(平均舞齡0.3年)較傾向於採取訊息取向來應對在街舞範疇下的課題、新生組較傾向於採用散漫逃避取向;縱貫性研究結果顯示,新生組在參與街舞運動約10個月後,認同歷程未有顯著改變;質性研究結果發現,對於受訪者來說,若能嘗試克服練舞過程中所遭遇的挫折與困難,並持續下去,則他們將逐漸偏向於採用「訊息取向」來面對街舞運動中所呈現的自我認同課題。(三)認同歷程的改變與心理適應變化間的關係,量性研究結果顯示,當訊息取向分數增加時,幸福感及正向情緒之分數增加、而負向情緒分數降低;當散漫逃避取向的分數增加時,則自尊分數會降低;而質性研究結果可看到,當受訪者在街舞活動中持續以開放的態度探索自我、解決問題之後,確實有利於心理適應的提升。根據上述研究結果,本研究說明了何以參與街舞運動可帶來良好心理適應的結果;亦即參與街舞運動者若能持續採取訊息取向的認同歷程,則可帶來良好的心理適應結果。


Purpose:The present study tries to explore the identity processing and its change across time of college students who involve in street dance and its influence on their psychological adjustment from the viewpoint of “Identity Processing”. The study have three hypotheses:(1)The psychological adjustment of college students who involve in street dance clubs will be affected by different identity processing; if one use informational identity processing, he/she gets the best psychological adjustment; if one use anti-normative or diffuse/avoidant identity processing, his/her psychological adjustment would be worse.(2)The identity processing will vary with the length of time participating in street dance.(3)The psychological adjustment will change following the change of identity processing.

Method:Multiple research methods from different paradigms were used in this study, which based on quantitative data, and supplemented by qualitative data. In the quantitative part of the study collected cross-sectional and longitudinal nature of the research methods. In cross-sectional method, there was 223(111 new members;112 old members) students participated in college street dance clubs in Taiwan; in cross-sectional method, after 10 months followed up, measured again 79 new members. Questionnaire survey was used to measure the identity processing, its change, and the psychological adjustment after involving in street dance clubs. The questionnaire includes the Identity Strategies Inventory and the scales related to psychological adjustment. In addition, researcher also used semi-structured interviews to explore participants subjective experience.

Results and Discussion:The results indicated that:(1)The psychological adjustment of college students who involve in street dance clubs was related to different identity processing. The higher information-oriented scores, the higher happiness, positive affect, and self-esteem scores would be get. The higher diffuse/avoidant-orientated score, the happiness, positive affect, and self-esteem scores were lower; and negative affect scores was higher. The anti-normative-oriented was no significant relationship with the happiness, positive affect, negative emotions, and self-esteem scores.(2) According to cross-sectional study results, old members( average time of 2.46 years of street dance ) had a tendency to take more information-oriented identity processing to solve the street dance topics than new members( average time of 0.3 years of dance ); and new members more inclined to adopt diffuse/avoidant-orientated identity processing. Longitudinal study showed that, after 10 months new members participated street dance clubs, no significant change in the identity processing . In qualitative study, if participants tried to overcome setbacks and difficulties encountered during the dance practice and continue, then they will gradually tend to adopt " information-oriented " to face the issue of self-identity in the street dance activities.(3)Quantitative results show that, when the information-oriented scores increase, the happiness and positive affect scores increase, and negative affect scores decreased; when the diffuse/avoidant-orientated scores increased, the self-esteem scores decreased. And in qualitative research results, when the participants continued to take information-oriented identity processing to solve the problem in street dance, indeed conducive to enhancing the psychological adaptation. Based on the above findings, the results of this study illustrate why participate in street dance can bring good psychological adaptation; that is, if participants could continue to take the information-oriented identity processing in street dance practices, it can bring good results of psychological adaptation.


目錄
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………………………… 1
第二章 文獻回顧………………………………………………………………………… 5
第一節 街舞的歷史背景……………………………………………………………… 5
第二節 青少年街舞參與者之心理適應相關研究…………………………………… 9
第三節 青少年自我認同與Berzonsky的認同歷程模式……………………………… 13
第四節 參與街舞之大學生於不同認同歷程階段與心理適應之關係……………… 20
第五節 研究目的……………………………………………………………………… 26
第三章 研究方法………………………………………………………………………… 29
第一節 研究設計……………………………………………………………………… 29
第二節 研究對象……………………………………………………………………… 30
第三節 測量工具與訪談大綱………………………………………………………… 31
第四節 資料處理與分析……………………………………………………………… 34
第四章 量化資料分析…………………………………………………………………… 37
第一節 受試者的人口學變項………………………………………………………… 37
第二節 街舞參與者認同歷程量表分析……………………………………………… 43
第三節 認同歷程與心理適應的關係………………………………………………… 45
第四節 認同歷程變化情形…………………………………………………………… 47
第五節 認同歷程變化與心理適應變化之關係……………………………………… 50
第五章 質性研究結果…………………………………………………………………… 55
第一節 初學街舞者之家長對大學生參與街舞社團之影響………………………… 56
第二節 初學街舞者參與街舞運動之原因、過程與主觀經驗……………………… 58
第三節 初學街舞者心理適應改變的相關經驗與感受……………………………… 66
第六章 綜合討論與建議………………………………………………………………… 71
第一節 街舞運動脈絡下,認同歷程與心理適應之關係…………………………… 71
第二節 街舞參與者認同歷程改變情形……………………………………………… 74
第三節 認同歷程改變與心理適應改變之關係……………………………………… 77
第四節 研究貢獻……………………………………………………………………… 79
第五節 研究限制與建議……………………………………………………………… 80
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………………………… 83
附錄一 參與研究同意書………………………………………………………………… 89
附錄二 街舞參與者認同歷程量表及心理適應量表…………………………………… 93
附錄三 認同風格量表六年級版(中文翻譯版)………………………………………… 107
附錄四 訪談同意書……………………………………………………………………… 111
附錄五 訪談大綱………………………………………………………………………… 115
附錄六 初學街舞者C的逐字稿分析資料……………………………………………… 119

表目錄
表1 Berzonsky認同歷程的比較…………………………………………………………… 17
表2 第一次施測之參與者學校次數分配(N=223)……………………………………… 31
表3 參與街舞活動之大學生的人口學變項(共223人)………………………………… 38
表4 參與街舞活動之大學新生組及舊生組的人口學變項………………………………… 41
表5 街舞參與者認同歷程量表項目與信度分析…………………………………………… 44
表6 認同歷程分數與心理適應之描述性統計……………………………………………… 46
表7 認同歷程分數與心理適應之相關表…………………………………………………… 47
表8 新舊生組在不同認同歷程分數上的獨立樣本t檢定結果…………………………… 48
表9 非遺漏值(N=79)與後測遺漏值(N=32)在認同歷程及心理適應之獨立樣本t檢定 49
表10 新生組前後測認同歷程平均數比較(N=79)………………………………………… 50
表11 前後測之認同歷程變化與心理適應變化之相關(N=79)…………………………… 51
表12不同訊息取向變化情形與心理適應變化之差異(N=79)…………………………… 52
表13不同散漫逃避取向變化情形與心理適應變化之差異(N=79)……………………… 52
表14 受訪者基本資料(N=7)………………………………………………………………… 55
表15受訪者認同歷程分數(N=7)…………………………………………………………… 56



圖目錄

圖1 研究架構圖………………………………………………………………………… 27
圖2 研究步驟圖………………………………………………………………………… 29

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