臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於無線通訊系統的迅速發展，無線區域網路（Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN）已經廣泛的應用在社區、學校、機場以及其他公共區域場所，這其中又以2.4GHz與5.2GHz的工業、科學和醫療（Industrial, Scientific and Medical Radio Band, ISM Band）頻段使用得最廣泛，而本文將針對2.45GHz的頻段進行天線設計與探討。
本論文探討製作於1.6mm FR4基板上的微帶天線，主要是針對擺在戶外的固定式用戶端設備（Outdoor Customer Premises Equipment）設計適合的天線，因為長距離通訊的需求，所以我們需要設計輻射場型集中於某固定方向、指向性高的天線來傳輸能量。而本論文所設計的天線符合此兩種特性
利用矩形微帶貼片天線，採用陣列的形式，運用微帶線饋電的基礎，加上使用四分之一波長阻抗轉換器進行阻抗匹配，其主要內容包含不同陣列元件數1x2、1x4、2x2、4x2 之陣列天線設計、模擬分析與實際量測。陣列天線量測結果為：1x2 陣列的頻寬(Bandwidth)約為 79 MHz，於 2.45 GHz 的反射損失(Return Loss)為 -27.9 dB，增益(Antenna Gain)為 4.9 dBi，1x4 陣列的頻寬(Bandwidth)約為 90MHz，於 2.45 GHz 的反射損失(Return Loss)為 -22.15 dB，增益(Antenna Gain)為 6.9 dBi，2x2 陣列的頻寬(Bandwidth)約為 78MHz，於 2.45 GHz 的反射損失(Return Loss)為 -19.26 dB，增益(Antenna Gain)為 7.67 dBi，4x2陣列的頻寬(Bandwidth)約為 78 MHz，於 2.45 GHz 的反射損失(Return Loss)為 -15.92 dB，增益(Antenna Gain)為 10.26 dBi，量測的結果比較下，4x2陣列天線的量測結果是最符合本論文的設計目標的。



關鍵詞；無線通訊、微帶天線、指向性、陣列天線

Due to the rapid development of wireless communication systems, wireless local area networks (WLAN) has been widely used in the public domains including schools, airports, and other public areas. Among these communication applications the use of 2.4 GHz and 5.2 GHz in industrial, scientific and medical radio (ISM) band has gained much attention. The paper will discuss and design antenna for 2.45GHz band.
In this thesis, array antennas fabricated on a FR4 substrate we investigated. The main objective of this study is to discuss and implement Point-to-Point (PTP) array antennas applied to fixed outdoor Customer Premises Equipment (CPE) of WiMAX Wireless Communication System.
The main studies include simulation, fabrication and measurements of different kinds of planar array antennas. This thesis target is high gain, directivity and the 2.45GHz band return loss under the -10dB. The measurement results are shown that: the 1 x 2 array return loss of -21.14 dB ,the gain is 4.55 dBi; the 1 x 4 array the return loss of -15.36 dB ,the gain is 6.7 dBi; the 2 x 2 array the return loss of -19.26 dB ,the gain is 7.67 dBi；the 4 x 2 array the return loss of -15.92 dB ,the gain is 10.26 dBi. Measurement results comparisons, the 4x2 array has the gain 10.26 dBi higher than 1x2、1x4、2x2 array.


Keywords: Wireless communication, microstrip antenna, directivity, array antenna

致謝
摘要
ABSTRACT
目錄
圖次
表次
第一章 序論
1.1 研究背景
1.2 研究動機與方向
1.3 研究內容
第二章 天線理論
2.1 天線基本概念
2.2 微帶天線基本理論
2.3 偶極天線(Dipole Antenna)理論
2.4 單極天線(Monopole Antenna)理論
第三章 陣列天線
3.1 微帶天線(Microstrip antenna)概述
3.2 陣列天線（Array Antenna）概述
3.3 Patch天線設計
3.4 1x2陣列天線
3.5 2x2同向陣列天線
3.6 1x4陣列天線
3.7 4x2同向陣列天線
第四章 加上Balun之反向陣列天線
4.1 2x2反向陣列天線
4.2 Balun設計
4.3 加入Balun之2x2反向陣列天線
4.4 加Balun之4x2反向陣列天線
第五章 結論
參考文獻

[1]陳冠忠， “應用於WLAN/WiMAX系統之單極天線設計＂，碩士論文，國立臺灣海洋大學，民國99年6月
[2]姜欣吾， “應用於2.6GHz WIMAX 之微帶陣列與八木天線＂，碩士論文，國立臺灣海洋大學，民國103年6月
[3]鄧聖明、蔡慶龍、柏小松，天線設計與應用：使用Ansoft HFSS 模擬器，鼎茂圖書出版有限公司，2009 年4 月
[4]Sharma, P. ; Gupta, S. ,“Bandwidth and gain enhancement in microstrip antenna array for 8GHz frequency applications,”IEEE Conference Publications, pp. 1-6, 2014 .
[5]S. K. Padhi, and M. E. Bialkowski, “ Parametric Study of a Microtrip Yagi Antenna, ” 2000 Asia-Pacific Microwave Conference, pp. 715-718, Dec. 2000.
[6]W. L. Stutzman and G. A. Thiele, Antenna Theory and Design, 2nd ed. New York:Wiley, 1998.
[7]K.Sakakibara, Morihiko, Nanjo, N. Kikuma and H. Hirayama “Design of four-way power-divider to control sidelobe level of microstrip comb-line antenna,” IEEE Internat. Conf. on Wireless Information Technology and Systems (ICWITS), pp. 1 - 4, 28 Aug – 3 Sept 2010.
[8]T. Hidayat, F. Y. Zulkifli and E. T. Rahardjo, “Bandwidth and gain enhancement of proximity coupled microstrip antenna using side parasitic patch,” 2013 Int. conf. on Radar, Antenna, Microwave, Electronics and Telecommunications (ICRAMET), March 2003.
[9]Saenz, E.; Cantora, A.; Ederra, I.; Gonzalo, R.; de Maagt, P.; “A Metamaterial T-Junction Power Divider” IEEE MWCL., VOL. 17, NO. 3, pp.172 – 174, March 2007
[10]Zhong-xiang Zhang ; Chang Chen ; Ming-gang Fu, “A 24GHz microstrip array antenna,” IEEE Conference Publications, pp. 214 – 217, Dec 2011.
[11]李孟倫，“2.4 GHz ISM band平板天線之分析與設計”，碩士論文，台灣科技大學，民國89年6月
[12]Y.-S. Wu, and J.-W. Shi, “Dynamic Analysis of High-Power and High-Speed Near-Ballistic Uni-traveling Carrier Photodiodes at W-Band," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 20, pp. 1160-1162, July, 2008.
[13]D. M. Pozar and Barry Kaufman, ”Design Considerations for Low Sidelobe Microstrip Arrays, ” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 38, No. 8, pp.1176-1185, Aug. 1990.
[14]Ely Levine, Gabi Malamud, Shmuel Shtrikman and David Treves, ”A Study of Microstrip Array Antennas with the Feed Network, ” IEEE Trans. AntennasPropagat., Vol. 37, No. 4, pp.426-434, April 1989.
[15]J. D. Kraus, and R. J. Marhefka, Antennas for All Applications, 3rd Ed., McGRAW-Hill, 2003.
[16]J. Huang, “The Finite Ground Plane Effect on the Microstrip Antenna Radiation 48 Patterns, ” IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. AP-37, pp.649-653, July 1983.
[17]Pozar and R.B. Waterhouse, “Aperture Coupled MicrostripAntennas Using Reflector Elements for Wireless Communications, ” IEEE-APS Conference Antennas and Propagat. for Wireless Communications, 1-4,pp.163-166, Nov. 1998.
[18]S. D. Targonski, D.M. J. Huang, “Low Cross-Pol Linearly Polarized Microstrip Array, ” Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Vol. 4, 7-11, pp.1750-1753, May 1990.
[19]F.-M. Kuo1, Ho Yen-Lin, J.-W. Shi1, N.-W. Chen1, W.-J. Jiang, C.-T. Lin, J. Chen,C.-L. Pan, and S. Chi, “12.5-Gb/s Wireless Data Transmission by Using Bias Modulation of NBUTC-PD Based W-Band Photonic Transmitter-Mixer,” Optical Fiber Communication , collocated National Fiber Optic Engineers Conference . pp. 1-3, Mar. 2010.
[20]J. Wang and J. Litva “Design study of low sidelobe microstrip antenna array and feed network”, AP-S Digest vol. 2, Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, pp.882 - 885, 1989.