臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

聚氨酯彈性體具有良好的生物相容性和物理化學性能，機械性能，由異氰酸酯和多元醇製成，具有許多潛在的應用。儘管今天聚氨酯的應用很多，但我們仍然希望增加聚氨酯的應用範圍。所以選擇這個方法來研究其特性。
在此次研究中，我們以四氫呋喃為溶劑用聚乙二醇(PEG2000)/二甲基矽氧烷(PDMS4200)與對苯二異氰酸酯反應，以二月桂酸二丁基錫為催化劑生成預聚物，再與對苯二甲醇反應生成聚氨酯。分別以傅立葉紅外線光譜儀（FTIR)、高效能高分子色譜 (APC)、核磁共振光譜儀(1H-NMR)、熱重分析(TGA)、熱差分析(DSC) 以和拉伸試驗等來判斷聚氨酯結構與特性測定。
合成的熱塑性聚氨酯斷裂伸長率為約2500％是相當高的。在未來的發展中可以將其視為減震器或抗變形材料。

Polyurethane elastomers which are made of isocyanate and polyol exhibit good biocompatibility, physical and chemical properties and mechanical properties which leads to numerous potential applications. Despite of a variety of applications of polyurethane today, the scope of application of polyurethanes has still continually increased.
In this study, polyethylene glycol (PEG2000) with the molecular weights of around 2000 g/mol as the soft segment and para-phenylene diisocyanate, para-xylylene glycol as the hard segments were used to synthesize the polyurethanes (PUs) by prepolymerization process. Molecular weights of polymers were controlled by varying the concentration of diisocyanate to polyol and DBTDL was used as catalyst for precise control over molecular weight. Anhydrous tetrahydrofuran was used as a non-reactive solvent. In addition, one-step synthesis of pre-polymerized PU were also prepared in order to compare to that of polymers generated by prepolymerization process. PUs prepared by different methods were characterized by advanced polymer chromatography, 1H NMR spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry and tensile test.
The developed synthesis resulted in the formation of thermoplastic polyurethane with an elongation at break of about 2500%, which is considerably high. This polymer can be considered for using in a shock absorber or anti-deformation material in the near future.

口試委員會審定書 #
誌謝 i
中文摘要 ii
ABSTRACT iii
CONTENTS iv
LIST OF FIGURES vii
LIST OF TABLES ix
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Characteristics of PUs 3
1.2 Classification of PUs 3
1.2.1 Condensation polymerization 4
1.2.2 Addition polymerization 4
1.2.3 Step- growth Polymerization 4
1.2.4 Chain-growth polymerization 5
1.2.5 Thermoplastic materials 5
1.2.6 Thermosetting materials 6
1.2.7 Polyester type PUs 6
1.2.8 Polyether type PUs 6
1.3 Research motivations 6
Chapter 2 Previous studies 8
2.1 Reaction route of one step polymerization 8
2.2 Structural characterization of polyurethanes 9
2.3 Ideal reaction temperature and dropping test 10
2.4 Ideal reaction procedure test 17
2.5 Ideal initial concentration test 22
2.6 Ideal reaction time test 30
2.7 PEG, PPDI and PDMS reaction test 33
Chapter 3 Experimental 39
3.1 Materials 39
3.2 Analytical methods 39
3.3 Polyurethane synthesis 43
3.3.1 Reaction route of Prepolymerization 43
3.3.2 Synthesis of PEG-PPDI Polyurethanes 44
3.3.3 Synthesis of PEG-PPDI-PDMS Polyurethanes 44
3.3.4 Synthesis of PEG-PPDI-PXG Polyurethanes 45
3.4 Preparation of polymer film 46
3.5 Polyurethane analysis 46
3.5.1 Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H NMR) 46
3.5.2 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer(FTIR) 48
3.5.3 Advanced Polymer Chromatography (APC) 49
3.5.4 Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) 50
3.5.5 Differential Scanning Calorimetry(DSC) 51
3.5.6 Tensile Test 52
Chapter 4 Conclusions 58
REFERENCE 59

 

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