臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

近年來由於電子設備的進步及大量的使用，雖然增加了生活的便利性，但也使得電磁波充斥在許多的工作環境中，尤其在醫院的工作環境中，有許多精密的儀控電子醫療設備，若醫療設備因電磁干擾而發生停止運作或不正確的動作等不可預期的現象，有可能對病患造成生命上重大的威脅。無線射頻辨識系統RFID(Radio Frequency Identification)在醫療業的應用非常廣泛，但是RFID電磁波干擾(ElectroMagnetic Interference, EMI) 醫療設備的影響過去並未明確地提出，為確保醫療品質及安全，本研究將量測RFID電磁波對醫療儀器干擾之情況，並提出因應之對策。實驗結果總共量測93 台醫療儀器,有31台會受到UHF RFID系統（被動式 925 MHz)之電磁波干擾，受干擾的距離為0.1cm~200cm，電場強度為14.37V/m~2.11 V/m，根據實驗結果，我們建議未來醫療院所，在開刀房、加護病房、檢查室、一般病房架設RFID（被動式925MHz)系統，Reader/Writer 發射器應距離固定式或移動式醫電設備至少1.5公尺以上，且電場強度不得超過 3 V/m以上。

In recent years, electronic devices have made great progress and they are in widespread use. Although it increases convenience in our daily life, consequently it also makes that many environments are full of electromagnetic waves. Especially in hospitals, there are a lot of precise life-support system and electronic medical equipments used on patients. We think that some unexpected things would happen because of the interference of the electromagnetic waves. For example, medical devices may stop working or some incorrect reactions occur. If any one of them truly happens, it will probably cause a great threat to patients’ lives. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is now widely applied to medical treatment, but the influence of EMI (Electromagnetic Interference, EMI) caused by RFID on medical devices is not mentioned clearly. To make sure the quality and the safety of medical treatment, the research we study is to measure the degree of EMI caused by RFID and propose a solution to it. In the experiment, we put total 93 pieces of medical devices under the UHF RFID system (passive 925 MHz ), we found that 31 of them are affected. The affected distance ranged between 0.1cm and 200cm and the electric field intensity ranged between 14.37V/m and 2.11V/m. According to the result, we suggest that in hospitals and other related business institutions, we should set up RFID system (passive 925 MHz) in operating rooms, intensive care rooms, examination rooms, and general wards. The distance from readers/ writers to stationary or portable medical devices should be at least 1.5 m and the electric field intensity cannot exceed 3V/m.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌謝 iv
目錄 v
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究動機與目的 1
1.3 研究範疇 ……………………………………………………………… 3
第二章 電磁波對醫療儀器影響評估 4
2.1 行動電話電磁波對醫療儀器影響評估 4
2.1.1國外行動電話對醫療儀器產生干擾的研究報告 4
2.2 RFID電磁波對醫療儀器影響評估 5
2.2.1國外RFID對醫療儀器產生干擾的研究報告 5
2.3電磁波對醫療設備干擾效應 6
2.4 RFID於醫療之應用 9
2.4.1國外RFID於醫療之應用 9
2.4.2 國內RFID於醫療之應用 13
2.4.3選擇量測UHF RFID 之因素 17
2.5 小結 17
第三章基本理論 19
3.1 電磁波簡介 19
3.1.1電磁波 19
3.1.2電磁波頻譜 20
3.1.3無線電頻率 22
3.2 電磁波的干擾 24
3.2.1電磁干擾種類 25
3.2.2電磁相容性的規範 27
3.2.3醫療器材相關的電性安全測試 30
3.2.4國內對電磁波的規範 32
3.3 無線射頻系統（RFID） 33
3.3.1 RFID系統組成與動作原理 33
3.3.2 RFID頻段與應用 37
3.3.3 RFID的標準規範 39
3.3.4 RFID設備規範 43
3.3.5 RFID的能量與資料傳遞方式 43
3.3.6 RFID電磁波規範 44
3.3.6.1最大功率輸出限制計算安全建議值 45
3.4 小結 48
第四章 實驗方法 50
4.1實驗目的 50
4.2 測試醫療儀器的選擇............................................................................... 50
4.2.1 易受干擾之醫療儀器 51
4.2.2 受測試之醫療儀器 51
4.3 實驗步驟 54
4.3.1 量測單位名詞定義 55
4.3.2實驗流程 57
4.4 實驗架構. 59
4.5 測試儀器介紹 60
第五章 結果與討論 65
5.1 測試結果 65
5.2測試結果探討 70
5.3 實驗結果分析 80
5.3.1 測試場所結果分析 80
5.3.2 測試結果統計分析 81
5.4討論 85
第六章結論與未來展望 88
6.1結論 88
6.2 未來展望 90
附錄A 96

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