臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

文化活動常作為觀光旅遊業的資源之一。從旅遊盈利關係人的角度來看，文化旅遊開發可以對當地社區的社會經濟發展的重要貢獻。另一方面，對於文化資源的“擁有者”或“使用者”來說，文化旅遊的發展可以作為複興和保護他們傳統和生活方式的重要策略。本研究針對印度尼西亞在山口洋元宵節的客家文化節作為文化觀光資源進行探討，進而希望成為文化旅遊發展的策略。在這研究特別設定議題關注旅遊關係人於(1)當地政府的看法，(2)對文化資源的“主人”及“活動組織”的價值，以及(3)觀眾的興趣。此外，本研究透過此節慶探討了客家文化對當地人的文化混合化現象（Cultural hybridization）。因此本研究於2017年1月前往印尼山口洋（Singkawang, Indonesia），透過質性訪談法，設計半開放結構問卷，共計有25位訪談者，獲取可分析的紀錄。

研究結果顯示：旅遊利益關係人存在著一種共生關係之間的文化“主人”，和政府機構。從政府的角度來看，山口洋元宵節(Cap Go Meh)是客家文化的特色，在觀光旅遊方面具有“銷售價值”，對當地經濟發展產生影響，因此它已被視為當地重要的文化觀光資源之一。另一方面，對於當地客家文化的“主人”來說，山口洋元宵節(Cap Go Meh)是一種必須被保護的傳統文化遺產，因此它的發展作為觀光旅游資源有助於文化遺產保護。再則，從觀眾的角度，此研究顯示“新人”，即當地華人社區以外的參與者，其貢獻對此節慶有額外“加分”，且支持了此文化觀光資源的發展與可持續性。本研究認為此節慶產生已是客家文化對當地人的文化混合化現象過程中，當地人的觀光資源價值的認同情形。

Culture plays an essential role as a major resource in the tourism sector. From the point of view of tourism stakeholders who engage with profitability impact, cultural tourism development can make a significant contribution to the socio-economic development of local communities. On the other hand, for the “owner” of the cultural resource, cultural tourism development can serve as an important tactic for reviving and preserving their traditions and lifestyle. In this paper, the authors examine the Hakka cultural festival of Cap Go Meh in Singkawang, Indonesia as a case study of cultural development tourism. In this study, special attention is paid to the values of the “owner” of the cultural resource and point of views of local government, as well as the interest of spectators. In addition, the study explores the cultural hybridization of the original cultural resource with the local culture. This study uses a qualitative approach, with the author collecting data through fieldwork observation and in-depth interview methods.

The findings of this study indicate that a symbiotic relationship exists between the “owner” of culture and the local government. From the point of view of the government, the Cap Go Meh festival is a Hakka cultural feature that has a “sale value” in tourism that impacts on local economic development, therefore it is an important tourism resource of Singkawang city. On the other hand, for the local community “owner” of Hakka culture, Cap Go Meh is a heritage tradition that has to be preserved and its development as a tourist resource aids this preservation. In addition, from the point of view of spectators, this research shows the contribution of “newcomer” participants outside of the local ethnic Chinese community has added extra “plus” value to the event in developing this resource and continuing this tradition.

Table of Contents
中文摘要 i
Abstract ii
Acknowledgements iii
Table of Contents iv
Table of Figures vi
Chapter I Introduction 1
1.1. Research Background and Motivation 1
1.2. Research Objective 3
1.3. Research Procedure 4
Chapter II Literature Review 6
2.1. Festival Meanings 6
2.2. The Relationship between Festival and Tourism 7
2.3. Cultural Tourism Resource 8
2.4. Cultural Hybridization 9
2.5. Overview of History of the Chinese in West Kalimantan 10
2.6. Cap Go Meh Festival 11
Chapter III Materials and Methods 15
3.1. Qualitative Research 15
3.2. Data Collection 15
3.3. Conducting In-depth Interview 17
3.4. Data Analysis and Validity 18
Chapter IV Results and Discussions 20
4.1. Cultural Tourism Resource 20
4.2. Cultural Preservation 23
4.3. Cultural Hybridization 24
Chapter V Conclusion and Suggestions 28
5.1. Research Conclusion 28
5.2. Research Suggestions 29
Reference 30
Appendix A 36
Appendix B 38
Appendix C 40

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