臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究係以仿生魚鱗結構的排列方式，提出防護裝甲設計。將陶瓷片堆疊排列形成斜角結構，透過斜碰撞原理致使投射體產生形變及偏轉效果，增加貫穿阻力。靶板由直徑均為50 mm圓柱形氧化鋁(Al2O3)陶瓷製成 7 mm、8 mm、9 mm三種厚度之裝甲片，由25片陶瓷片堆疊後搭配1 mm鋁背板製成靶板，觀察不同厚度之抗彈能力。進而在裝甲片為9 mm厚度條件下，由8 mm及7 mm陶瓷片分別搭配1 mm及2 mm圓形鋁板製成裝甲片，同樣搭配1 mm鋁背板製成靶板，探討不同組合靶板之抗彈能力。
實驗部分利用0.30"穿甲彈實施彈道測試，透過量測穿靶前後速度計算能量吸收情形。實驗及模擬結果顯示，陶瓷片堆疊使得靶板承受撞擊時可將應力傳遞至鄰近陶瓷片，並得知在圓形裝甲片同為9 mm厚度下，由8 mm厚陶瓷片搭配1 mm厚圓形鋁板之組合抗彈能力優於其他組合之靶板。
模擬部分使用LS-DYNA軟體模擬鱗甲構型靶板受彈頭穿靶時之能量吸收、陶瓷破壞情形、應力傳遞方式、彈頭餘速等，並比對實驗結果修正JH-2損傷模型D_1和D_2參數；由於鱗甲的構型特殊，藉由模擬軟體進一步分析在不同彈著點與不同入射角度的抗彈能力分析，結果存在著明顯差異。

In this research, we proposed the armor design based on the arrangement of bionic scale structures, an oblique structure was formed by overlapped ceramic sheets. Through oblique impact, the projectile was deformed and flipped, resulting in a higher penetration resistance of the armor structure. The disk specimens used in this research were all made of alumina (Al2O3), each with 50 mm diameter and three types of thickness, 7 mm, 8 mm and 9 mm, were adopted. The specimens were all made of 25 alumina disks arranged to scale-like armor structure and 1 mm aluminum was used as a backplane. The impact resistant performance of the three specimens with different thickness was investigated. Further, when the total thickness of the armor structure was set to 9 mm, the 8 mm and 7 mm ceramic disks were added by 1 mm and 2 mm circular aluminum plates individually, the 1mm aluminum backplane was also used in these specimens as a back plate. Impact resistance capability of different combinations of the target was again investigated.
The ballistic test was under a 0.30" armor-piercing bullet impact. The energy absorption was calculated by measuring the velocity before and after the impact. The results from test and simulation showed that the overlapping ceramics transmitted stress to bonded ceramics. It was also shown that, the specimen with 8 mm alumina and 1 mm aluminum disk combination has the best impact resistant performance than the others when total thickness is 9 mm.
By using LS-DYNA code, the energy absorption, damage state, stress transmission mode, and bullet residual velocity of the scale-like armor penetrated by projectile were investigated by finite element model. Moreover, the D_1 and D_2 parameters of the Johnson-Holmquist damage model (JH-2) were corrected by comparing simulation model and the experimental results. Finally, the simulation was also implemented to analyze the impact resistance of different impact position and angle. The results showed significant difference.

誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
ABSTRACT iv
目錄 vi
表目錄 ix
圖目錄 x
符號表 xiii
1. 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機與目的 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 研究論文架構 6
2. 實驗規劃及試片製作 8
2.1 實驗規劃 8
2.1.1 彈道實驗及能量吸收 8
2.1.2 數值模擬 8
2.2 實驗模型設計 9
2.3 陶瓷材料製程 10
2.4 試片製作 12
2.4.1 不同厚度試片製作 12
2.4.2 不同組合試片製作 13
2.5 測試設備 15
3. ANSYS/LS-DYNA數值模擬 20
3.1 ANSYS/LS-DYNA介紹 21
3.1.1 演算法 22
3.1.1.1　Lagrange演算法 22
3.1.1.2　Euler演算法 23
3.1.1.3　ALE演算法 23
3.1.2 顯性積分與隱性積分 24
3.2 建構靶板模型 25
3.3 材料模型選用與參數設定 27
3.4 JH-2模型介紹 29
3.4.1 狀態方程式(EOS) 32
3.4.2 強度模型 34
3.4.3 損傷模型 36
3.5 分析設定 39
3.5.1 侵蝕條件 39
3.5.2 接觸條件 39
3.5.3 邊界條件 42
4. 結果與討論 43
4.1 不同厚度測試結果 43
4.2 數值模擬分析 45
4.2.1 穿靶過程分析 45
4.2.2 彈著點分析 49
4.2.3 入射角度分析 52
4.2.4 損傷模式分析 54
4.3 不同組合測試與結果分析 55
5. 結論與建議 62
5.1 結論 62
5.2 後續研究建議事項 63
參考文獻 65
自傳 69

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