臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

聚乙烯醇縮丁醛(PVB)為無毒之高分子聚合物，近年來有專利發明以靜電紡絲技術將PVB作為基質製備奈米纖維膜，其過濾效果優良且透氣性高，可應用於口罩及過濾材料。本篇研究將富含天然酚單萜之百里香酚(Thymol)作為抗微生物劑加入到PVB中以提高其抗菌活性，首先利用『針式靜電紡絲技術』製備含百里香酚之PVB抗菌奈米纖維膜，探討Thymol：PVB在不同比例下之抗菌效果，以JIS L1902(菌液吸收法)進行抗菌性定量試驗，樣品組 0.6:1對金黃色葡萄球菌之抗菌活性值為5.6，對肺炎桿菌及大腸桿菌之抗菌活性值為6.4皆具有強抗菌效果，以此配方來製備抗菌奈米纖維口罩。

利用『直立式靜電紡絲裝置』製備含百里香酚之PVB抗菌奈米纖維口罩，探討不同參數對次微米防護效率、壓差及細菌過濾效率之影響。研究過程中發現，奈米纖維口罩直徑越小且累積越密集，才能兼顧防護效率與壓差，藉此成功製造出可符合國家標準CNS 14774一般醫用口罩之性能規格要求且具有抗菌效果之奈米纖維口罩，其細菌過濾效率(BFE)可達99.4 %，壓差在5 mmH2O/cm2以下。故本研究設計未來將可以應用在多功能的抗菌口罩上。

Polyvinyl butyral (PVB) is a non-toxic polymer. In recent years, a patent has used PVB as a substrate for the preparation of nanofiber mats by electrospinning technology. Electrospun nanofiber membranes has excellent filtering effect and high gas permeability, which can be applied to masks and filter materials. In this study, we uesd PVB as a substrate and increases thymol as an anti-microbial agent. The thymol-containing PVB antimicrobial nanofibers mats were obtained by electrospinning. Antibacterial activity was tested by using the industrial Standard JIS L 1902 (Absorption Method). The antibacterial activity value of sample 0.6:1 was 5.6 against S. aureus, and the antibacterial activity value of sample 0.6:1 was 6.4 against K. pneumoniae and E. coli, which exhibited a strong antibacterial effect.
The above results showed that they can be applied on antibacterial nanofiber masks. The thymol-containing PVB antimicrobial nanofibers masks were obtained by "vertical electrospinning device". On the other hand, in this study, the effect of different parameters on particulate filtration efficiency (PFE), pressure differential, and bacterial filtration efficiency (BFE) was also explored. We found that the smaller diameter of nanofiber mask and the more densely accumulated, the PFE and pressure difference can be both taken into consideration. We successfully prepared the antimicrobial nanofibers masks, which showed good performance specifications of the general medical mask CNS 14774. The bacterial filter efficiency (BFE) of this nanofiber mask is up to 99.4% and the pressure difference is below 5 mm H2O/cm2. Therefore, we successfully prepared novel electrospun nanofibers, which can be applied to multi-functional anti-bacterial masks in the future.

摘要 i
ABSTRACT ii
致謝 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 x
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1奈米科學與技術 4
2.1.1 奈米纖維定義 4
2.1.2 奈米纖維製備方法 5
2.2 靜電紡絲 10
2.2.1靜電紡絲原理 10
2.2.1靜電紡絲參數 13
2.3百里香酚 17
2.3.1百里香酚簡介 17
2.3.2百里香酚相關文獻整理 18
2.4 抗菌方法 21
2.4.1 紡織用抗菌劑之分類 21
2.4.2 抗菌機制 22
2.4.3 抗菌方法之選擇 25
2.4.4 菌種介紹 27
2.5醫用口罩 29
2.5.1 常見製造方法 29
2.5.2 奈米纖維於空氣過濾應用 30
2.5.3 醫用口罩相關規範 34
第三章 實驗步驟 35
3.1 實驗材料 35
3.2 靜電紡絲設備 36
3.2.1針式靜電紡絲設備 36
3.2.2直立式靜電紡絲裝置 37
3.3 分析設備 39
3.4 實驗流程 40
3.4.1製備百里香酚與PVB混合液 40
3.4.2製備含百里香酚之PVB抗菌薄膜 41
3.4.3製備含百里香酚之PVB抗菌奈米纖維膜 42
3.4.4製備含百里香酚之PVB抗菌奈米纖維口罩 43
3.5 測試方法 44
3.5.1抗菌性定性試驗JIS L1902(圈暈法 HALO) 44
3.5.2抗菌性定性試驗AATCC 147 45
3.5.3抗菌性定量試驗JIS L1902(菌液吸收法) 47
3.5.4次微米防護效率(PFE) 49
3.5.5空氣交換壓力CNS 14777 50
3.5.6細菌過濾效率試驗(BFE)CNS 14775 51
第四章 結果與討論 54
4.1 第一部分：百里香酚抗菌性能確認 54
4.1.1含百里香酚抗菌薄膜之抗菌性定性試驗 54
4.1.2含百里香酚奈米纖維膜之抗菌性定性試驗 56
4.2 第二部分：奈米纖維膜抗菌性定量試驗 58
4.2.1金黃色葡萄球菌Staphylococcus aureus 58
4.2.2肺炎桿菌Klebsiella pneumoniae 59
4.2.3大腸桿菌Escherichia coli 59
4.2.4 奈米纖維膜纖維直徑確認(SEM) 63
4.3 第三部分：抗菌奈米纖維口罩 65
4.3.1次微米防護效率(PFE)與空氣交換壓力差 65
4.3.2纖維直徑與次微米防護效率之探討 66
4.3.3時間與次微米防護效率之探討 70
4.3.3細菌過濾效率試驗(BFE)CNS 14775 71
第五章 結論 75
參考文獻 77

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