臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

隨著工業的蓬勃發展，許多合成材料在生產及製程中被使用，而生產及製程過程中產生的廢棄物如果被不當棄置將會影響環境，間接的影響到人的生活環境，如模具工廠經模具切割後所產生之環氧樹脂廢棄物，這些環氧樹脂碎屑未經適當處理可能飄散於空氣中或經有含水環境溶於水體中。
本研究主軸在於資源循環在利用，將環氧樹脂廢棄物經過處理後製備成衍生燃料(RDF)，利用元素分析儀(EA)分析環氧樹脂基本元素組成，探討將環氧樹脂備製衍生燃料，針對衍生燃料之熱值及發熱量及燃燒三成份，利用灰化後之環氧樹脂廢棄物利用ICP分析其重金屬含量，利用熱重分析儀(TGA)分析環氧樹脂廢棄物之燃燒效率和重量損失速率，最後探討如果將環氧樹脂廢棄物棄置於一般水體下，依照單位時間、不同溫度及不同pH值進行雙酚A之溶出，使用高效能液相層析儀(HPLC)分析溶出液中之雙酚A。
研究結果顯示C、N、H、S四項元素中以碳元素最高，為36 %；三成份分析結果顯示以水分含量約為1 %、灰分含量為19 %、可燃分含量為80%；熱值分析結果顯示環氧樹脂之發熱量為4100-4500 kcal/kg比一般生質燃料之發熱量高並介於城市廢棄物之發熱量範圍；灰分中重金屬分析結果為鈣元素佔比例最高，達30582.4 ppm；熱重分析結果顯示在300-400 ℃時為重量損失最大溫度其損失速率為-17.596 wt%/min；雙酚A溶出試驗結果顯示環氧樹脂並不會隨時間而溶出更多雙酚A，在40 ℃時溶出量達最高為0.079 ppm，經調整pH值後以強酸及強鹼環境下溶出量最高，但上述之溶出量皆小於法規標準0.6 ppm，經由實驗證明以環氧樹脂製備衍生燃料是可行的，且置於環境中污染的風險非常小。

With the booming industry, many synthetic materials are used in production and manufacturing processes. Wastes generated during production and process will be affected if they are improperly disposed of, which will indirectly affect people's living environment, such as mold factory. The epoxy resin waste generated after the mold is cut, these epoxy resin chips may be dispersed in the air without being properly treated or dissolved in the water body through an aqueous environment.
The main focus of this study is the use of resource recycling. Epoxy resin wastes are processed to produce derivatized fuels (RDF). Elemental analysis (EA) is used to analyze the basic elemental composition of the epoxy resin. Epoxy resin is used as a derivative fuel. After the calorific value, calorific value, and combustion tri-component, the heavy metal content of the epoxy resin waste after the ashing was analyzed by ICP, and the combustion efficiency and weight loss rate of the epoxy resin waste were analyzed by a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA). Finally, if the epoxy resin waste is discarded in a general body of water, the bisphenol A is eluted according to the unit time, temperature, and pH, and the double-elution solution is analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
The results showed that the carbon elements in the four elements of C, N, H, and S were the highest (36 %); the three-component analysis showed that the moisture content was approximately 1%, the ash content was 19 %, and the combustible content was 80 %; The results of the hot-value analysis showed that the calorific value of epoxy resin was 4100-4500 kcal/kg higher than that of general biomass fuel and was within the range of calorific value of Municipal solid waste; the analysis of heavy metals in ash showed that the proportion of calcium was the highest, reaching 30582.4 ppm; Thermogravimetric analysis shows a maximum weight loss temperature of -17.596 wt%/min at 300-400 °C; Bisphenol A dissolution test results show that epoxy does not release more bisphenol over time. A. The highest elution amount is 0.079 ppm at 40 °C. After adjusting the pH value, the highest elution amount is obtained under strong acid and alkali conditions. However, the above dissolution amount is less than the regulatory standard of 0.6 ppm. It was proved through experiments that epoxy resin was prepared Refuse Derived Fuel are feasible and the risk of contamination in the environment is very small.

目錄
摘要 I
Abstract III
目錄 V
圖目錄 IX
表目錄 XI
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究緣起 1
1-2 廢棄物回收再利用現今發展 2
1-3 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2-1 廢棄物概述 5
2-1-1 廢棄物定義及相關清理法規 5
2-1-2 廢棄物回收再利用之研究 9
2-2 衍生燃料概述 10
2-2-1 衍生燃料定義 10
2-2-2 RDF-5之特性 12
2-2-3 RDF-5系統效益評估 15
2-2-4 國內衍生燃料相關研究 18
2-2-5 國外衍生燃料相關研究 21
2-3 環氧樹脂概述 24
2-3-1 環氧樹脂之定義 24
2-3-2 環氧樹脂之合成 25
2-4 雙酚A概述 28
2-4-1 雙酚A特性與來源 28
2-4-2 雙酚A之應用 30
2-4-3 雙酚A相關法規 30
第三章 研究方法 31
3-1 實驗流程 31
3-2 實驗設備與材料 34
3-3 實驗方法 36
3-3-1 實驗裝置 36
3-3-2 樣品前處理 39
3-3-2-1 樣品保存 39
3-3-3 元素分析 39
3-3-4 熱值分析 40
3-3-5 熱重分析 41
3-3-6 水分灰分可燃分測定 42
3-3-7 單位時間溶出實驗 42
3-3-8 酸鹼溶出實驗 43
3-3-9 灰分重金屬分析 45
3-4 Quality Control 46
3-4-1 雙酚A分析Quality Control 46
3-4-2 重金屬分析Quality Control 47
3-4-2-1 檢量線之配製 47
3-4-2-2 空白分析 47
3-4-2-3 方法偵測極限(Method Detection Limit，MDL) 47
3-4-2-4 重複分析(Duplicate) 48
3-4-2-5 添加標準品分析(Recovery Efficiency，Re%) 48
3-5 儀器原理介紹 50
3-5-1 元素分析儀 50
3-5-2 熱重分析儀 51
3-5-3 高效能液相層析儀 52
3-5-4 感應耦合電漿原子發散光譜儀 53
3-5-4-1 感應耦合電漿(Inductively Coupled Plasma，ICP) 54
第四章 結果與討論 55
4-1 組成分析 57
4-1-1 環氧樹脂廢棄物粒徑分析 57
4-1-2 元素分析 59
4-2 環氧樹脂廢棄物熱分析 60
4-2-1 三成份分析 61
4-2-2 不同溫度下灰分及可燃分比例 67
4-2-3 熱值分析 71
4-2-4 熱重分析 75
4-3 金屬含量分析 78
4-4 溶出試驗 80
4-4-1 單位時間溶出 80
4-4-2 不同溫度下溶出 82
4-4-3 酸鹼條件溶出 89
第五章 結論 91
參考文獻 94

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