臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究旨在探討青少年之生活壓力、社會支持與主觀安適感的關係。主觀安適感包含了情感層面與生活滿意，社會支持的量表包含了非學校（家庭、朋友）與學校（老師、同學）在情緒、評價、訊息與工具上的支持，生活壓力量表的分量表則有課業學習、課外活動、同儕人際、家庭人際、自我概念與外在環境。本研究使用問卷調查法，研究樣本為馬來西亞吉隆玻華文獨立中學初中一至高中三學生，采方便叢集取樣，發出539份問卷，取得531份有效問卷。研究工具包含個人基本資料、12個情感名詞（SPANE）、生活滿意度量表、生活壓力量表及社會支持量表。所得資料以描述性統計、t考驗、單因數變異數分析、皮爾森積差相關、多元迴歸等統計方法加以分析。本研究所得結論如下：
一、都會區華裔青少年有中等程度的主觀安適感及社會支持，中等稍微偏下的生活壓力，但課業學習的壓力則偏中上程度。
二、都會區華裔青少年之女性較男性有較高的負向情感、壓力與學校工具性支持。
三、高年級學生有較高的課外活動與自我概念的負向壓力，也有較高的學校情緒性支持與工具性支持；初中二學生的總體壓力僅次於高中三學生，但所獲得的學校情緒性與工具性支持卻是所有年級中最低的。
四、主觀安適感與社會支持、生活壓力有顯著相關。
五、社會支持會調節生活壓力對於主觀安適感之影響。
根據上述研究之發現與結論，提出對教育及未來研究方向之建議。

This study explored the associations of life stresses, social support, and subjective well-being among the students of Chinese Independent secondary schools in Kland Valley, Malalysia.The subjective well-being was consisted of emotions and life satisfaction. The subscales of social support included emotional support, appraisal support, informational support and instrumental support of both school and non-school. The subscales of life stresses included academic learning, extracurricular activities, peer relationship, family relationship, self-concept and the external environment.A total of 539 questionnaires were distributed, and 531 valid ones were analyzed. In addition to demographic information, the participants completed the SPANE scale, The Satisfaction with Life scale, the Negative Life Stresses scale, and the Social Support scale. The data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson’s product-moment correlation, and multiple regressions.
The results are as below:
1. The junior and senior students in Klang Valley possess medium-level of subjective well-being and social support. The negative stresses are generally low except for stress from academic which prones toward the medium-high level.
2. Female students in Klang Valley have higher level of negative emotions, stresses, and school’s instrumental support than male students.
3. The senior students have higher level of stresses in extracurricular activities, self-concept and emotional and instrumental supports from school. The Junior II students have the second highest level of stress, but obtain least support on emotional and instrumental aspects from school.
4. Social support and negative life stresses are significantly related to the subjective well-being.
5. Social support modorates the effect of stresses on subjective well-being.
Suggestions were made accordingly.

謝誌-------------------------------------------------------I
中文摘要--------------------------------------------------II
英文摘要-------------------------------------------------III
目次------------------------------------------------------IV

第一章 緒論
第一節 研究背景與動機------------------------------------01
第二節 研究目的-----------------------------------------03
第三節 名詞釋義-----------------------------------------04

第二章 文獻探討
第一節 青少年的主觀安適感之相關理論與研究------------------08
第二節 青少年的生活壓力之相關理論與研究-------------------13
第三節 青少年的社會支持之相關理論與研究-------------------18
第四節 生活壓力、社會支持與主觀安適感之相關理論與研究-------26

第三章 研究方法
第一節 研究架構-----------------------------------------30
第二節 研究對象------------------------------------------32
第三節 研究工具------------------------------------------33
第四節 資料分析方法-------------------------------------42

第四章 研究結果與討論
第一節 華裔青少年的生活壓力、社會支持與主觀安適感之現況分析--44
第二節 不同背景變項之華裔青少年在生活壓力、社會支持與主觀安適感上的差異探討-----------------------------------------------48
第三節 華裔青少年的生活壓力、社會支持與主觀安適感之迴歸分析--52
第四節 綜合討論-----------------------------------------57

第五章 結論與建議
第一節 結論--------------------------------------------61
第二節 建議--------------------------------------------62

參考文獻
中文文獻--------------------------------------------------64
英文及馬來西亞文文獻----------------------------------------69

表次
表3-1 預試與重測樣本背景資料結構表-------------------32
表3-2 正式樣本資料一覽表---------------------------33
表3-3 正式樣本資料一覽表---------------------------33
表3-4 壓力量表刪題情況-----------------------------39
表3-5 各量表兩次預試及正式施測之信度-----------------42
表4-1 生活壓力、社會支持與主觀安適感的描述性統計值------47
表4-2 生活壓力、社會支持與主觀安適感之間的Pearson積差相關-----------------------------------------------------------51
表4-3 背景、生活壓力、社會支持之於主觀安適感及其分量表之迴歸分析結果-------------------------------------------------54
表4-4 背景、生活壓力、社會支持之於主觀安適感及其分量表之調節迴歸分析-------------------------------------------------56
表4-5 不同社會支持組的主觀安適感之平均及標準差---------56

圖次
圖3-1 研究架構圖---------------------------------31

附錄
附錄一 預試問卷------------------------------------------83
附錄二 正式問卷------------------------------------------88
附錄三 12個情感名詞及生活滿意度之使用同意書----------------93
附錄四 12個情感名詞之翻譯及修訂過程------------------------94
附錄五 生活壓力及社會支持量表之使用同意書------------------95
附錄六 生活壓力量表之修訂過程-----------------------------96

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