臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究目的為運用Fenton反應，亞鐵離子(Fe2+)與過氧化氫(H2O2)反應產生氫氧自由基，藉由氫氧自由基之強氧化能力，使大豆油催化轉酯成為生質柴油。本研究依實驗設計不同，可分成不進行任何輔助的Fenton反應(Fenton)、照射紫外光(Fenton/UV)或通入臭氧(Fenton/ O3)或照射紫外光並通入臭氧(Fenton/UV+O3)等四組反應條件探討對氫氧自由基生成量之影響，同時探討不同Fe2+濃度以及反應時間下，對氫氧自由基生成量之關係，並使用於轉製生質柴油之應用上。本研究同時也對不同反應條件之油品，利用氣相層析質譜儀進行油品成分分析，比較油品轉化效率與生質柴油中的成分差異，並探討油品之酸價、碘價、動力黏度以及熱值等基本物化性質。
結果顯示，Fenton反應製程之油品成分較傳統鹼性轉酯的產物複雜，其中含有酯類、醛類、酸類等生成物，且生成物的脂肪酸碳鏈長度較鹼性催化製程之生質柴油短。氯化亞鐵濃度使用0.1M時，四種反應條件之生成物濃度均為最大值，其中酯類生成量以Fenton/UV+O3反應150分鐘下生成量最高。Fenton反應製程之油品酸價較鹼性催化法低，不過動力黏度尚高，須經過處理降低其動力黏度。Fenton反應通入臭氧輔助可以有效較低油品的碘價，不過會使生成物之碳鏈長度減少導致熱值降低。

The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of employing different Fenton systems, such as Fenton, Fenton/Ultraviolet, Fenton/ Ozone and Fenton/ Ultraviolet and Ozone in the transesterification reaction of soybean oil for the biodiesel production. The investigated parameters include, FeCl2 concentration and reaction time, and in the different Fenton systems. The composition of the products is determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS). This study also analyzed the physicochemical properties of the products, including acid value, iodine value, kinematic viscosity, and heating value.
The experimental results showed that the optimal yield of fatty acid methyl ester was 431ppm by the Fenton/UV+O3 process in 150 minute of reaction time. The acid value from Fenton process is lower than alkaline catalyst process. The iodine value is the lowest from Fenton process. The alkaline catalyst process has lower kinematic viscosity than Fenton process. The heating value from Fenton process is higher than soybean oil.

摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
誌謝 III
目 錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章 前言 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1 生質柴油發展與應用 4
2.2 生質柴油之原料 9
2.3 生質柴油之製備方式 11
2.3.1 鹼催化法 12
2.3.2 酸催化法 13
2.3.3 酵素法 14
2.3.4 超臨界流體法 14
2.4 Fenton法 16
2.4.1 Fenton反應之原理 16
2.5 生質柴油之基本物化性質 19
2.5.2 酸價 20
2.5.3 碘價 20
2.5.4 動力黏度 20
2.5.5 熱值 21
第三章 實驗方法 22
3.1 實驗設備 22
3.2 實驗藥品 23
3.3 實驗步驟 25
3.3.1 Fenton反應 25
3.3.2 氫氧自由基捕捉實驗 26
3.3.3 氫氧自由基濃度檢定 27
3.3.4 Fenton法製備生質柴油 29
3.4 生質柴油之物化性質分析 30
3.4.1 生質柴油之成分分析 30
3.4.2 酸價(Acid value) 30
3.4.3 碘價(Iodine value) 33
3.4.4 動力黏度 35
3.4.5 熱值(Heating value) 36
第四章 結果與討論 38
4.1 氫氧自由基之生成量 39
4.2 油品成分分析 47
4.3 Fenton反應製備生質柴油之生成物比較 50
4.4 油品基本物化性質分析 62
第五章 結論 65
參考文獻 67
自述 79
著作發表 79

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