臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

現實生活中，人們面臨成功的機會都是不相同的。有些人出生於富裕家庭，擁有較多的經濟資源；有些人卻出生於貧窮家庭，相對可利用的經濟資源較少。透過經濟學實驗模擬社會上的機會不公平，檢驗人們在面對機會公平與不公平時，是否會追求機會上的公平，傾向於平均分配機率或者公平地衡量。

本實驗將受試者分為兩個群組。實驗一之贏家由電腦隨機選取，測試受試者是否會平均分配機率，讓每個人都有相同公平的機會；實驗二贏家經由調校任務之表現與得分決定，測試受試者是否會公平地衡量，依照每個人的實力及努力來決定贏家。實驗結果顯示，在實驗一下，人們較無偏好給予相同公平的機會，選擇讓自己成為贏家的機率較高；實驗二下，人們會偏好按照實力來公平地衡量，依照每個人的實力及努力來決定贏家。

In the real life, the opportunity of success for everyone is different. People from wealthy family have more resources than those from poor family. We want to examine when people face the equality and inequality of opportunity through experimental economics to imitate the inequality of opportunity in society. Will people prefer to allocate the probability averagely or fairly evaluate?

In the experimental design, the subjects were divided into two group. The winner of Control group was randomly chosen by computer, and the winner of experimental group was decided by subject’s performance. The result showed that in the control group, people didn’t allocate the probability averagely, they chose the choice that their probability of winner was higher; in the experimental group, people will according to the performance and fairly evaluate.

第一章 緒論............1
第一節 引言與文獻回顧...1
第二節 機會公平之偏好.....4
第二章 實驗設計.........7
第一節 實驗一............8
第二節 實驗二............10
第三章 理論模型..........13
第四章 實驗結果分析.......18
第一節 基本資料分析.......18
第二節 選擇之結果分析.....20
第三節 迴歸分析...........23
第五章 結論..............26
參考文獻.................27
附錄一 實驗說明(實驗一)...29
附錄二 實驗說明(實驗二)...33
圖目錄
圖 1 調校任務............11
圖 2 調校任務畫面.........11
圖 3 所得分配一下之選擇....20
圖 4 所得分配二下的選擇....21
圖 5 所得分配三下的選擇....22

表目錄
表 1 103年及104年大學個人申請經濟弱勢生錄取狀況....2
表 2 Miao與Zhong (2016) 的實驗設計..............4
表 3 實驗一之三種所得分配........................8
表 4 實驗二之三種所得分配........................10
表 5 受試者特性描述.............................19
表 6 變數定義表.................................23
表 7 OLS迴歸分析結果之一-受試者於所得分配一下之選擇.24
表 8 OLS迴歸分析結果之二-受試者於所得分配二下之選擇.24
表 9 OLS迴歸分析結果之三-受試者於所得分配三下之選擇.25

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