臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

由於資訊科技之發展，大量的資料被蒐集與數位化，然而資料量與資料異質性問題亦相應地大幅成長，進而造成管理機關在跨域治理與即時性災害應變時資訊獲取的困難度。本研究係探討以水災即時示警之服務導向架構系統為主軸，以美加邊境水災事件為情境，針對時序性資料之交換機制提出PubSub-Harvester機制，並應用不同標準，包括時序性水文資料之WaterML、觀測資料服務介面之SOS、目錄服務CSW、網路通知服務WNS及語意查詢服務SPARQL等不同方法建立互操作性系統。本研究以美國地質調查所及加拿大自然資源部所提供之水文資料，並以2011年Souris River水災為情境進行模擬，建立平台提供使用者訂閱特定測站與POI，並由後端擷取即時水位資訊，自動寄送事件通知，提供民眾或主管機關可即時獲知上游測站狀況，進而採取應變對策。從研究成果來看，應用資料與服務標準可減少資料異質性的問題，讓每個服務部件達到鬆散耦合的服務導向架構。而本研究所提出之PubSub-Harvest機制亦可在大量環境資料傳輸情形下，有效縮短資料傳輸之處理時間，進而提昇即時性事件發布之效率。結論部份本研究應用資訊技術標準之實作，在鬆散耦合的架構下達到資訊之互操作性，可有效達到跨國水文資料的無縫交換。在本研究亦針對水災警示設計並實作基於大量標準的網路應用程式，並應用大量OGC標準。後續建議部份則包括建議作為一套實務應用的災防警示，建議增加服務來源及各服務部件之穩定性監控機制、以及納入不同版本之資料標準在整合上之課題考量。

In recent years, the information of environment has been widely digitalized and collected due to the development of information technology. Data quantity and heterogeneity have challenged the authorities on the issues of cross-border management, such as disaster management and emergency responses. In this research, we proposed an interoperable flood alerting framework with the capabilities to exchange environmental data in real time that based on the concept of service oriented architecture. There are several solutions have been proposed to solve the issues of hydrological data sharing and flood alerting processes. Numerous data encoding standards and web service interface protocols are applied and implemented in this experimental study, including WaterML, SOS, CSW, WNS, WPS, and GeoSPARQL. We have also proposed a PubSub-Harvest process in order to handle the time series data collection, update and event detection process which utilized on the cross border flood alerting web application. The implementation was based on the solutions that designed for the flood alerting scenario. A historical flood happened in Souris River basin in 2011 has been considered as the event of the scenario, therefore, the monitoring data during that period is collected directly from the web services of USGS and NRCan. A subscribe client is implemented for general users to subscribe a specific gauge stations or point of interest in order to receive alerts while the monitoring value from the upstream is determined as a flood event. The PubSub-Harvester module that proposed and implemented in this research was proved to reduce that risk of service jam which indicated as a more efficient solution for real time monitoring data transmission and for flood event determination process. The outcomes of this research have demonstrated that international standards have the capabilities to fulfill the requirements of flood alerting system which also implemented under loosely coupled architecture. Further suggestions are provided in this thesis for practical purposes and further improvement. A service stability monitoring module should be considered as an extension since the stability of data sources is usually a serious issue in a SOA application. The integration of each versions standards could also be considered as the next task of interoperability and SOA web applications.

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Problems 4
1.2 Objectives 7
1.3 Restriction and Assumption 9
CHAPTER TWO: RELATED WORK 10
2.1 Service Oriented Architecture 10
2.2 Data Infrastructure and Interoperability 11
2.3 Web Applications on Water Issues 14
2.4 Semantic Web 16
CHAPTER THREE: ARCHITECTURE DESIGN 17
3.1 Proposed Solutions 17
3.2 System Architecture and Processing Steps 21
3.3 The Design for Time Series Data Retrieving 25
3.4 The Design for Semantic Upstream Service 36
3.5 The Design for Subscription and Notification Process 40
CHAPTER FOUR: IMPLEMENTATION AND EVALUATION 44
4.1 Scenario Design 44
4.2 Area of Interest 45
4.3 Data Sources Collection 48
4.4 Implementation Evaluation 51
CHAPTER FIVE: CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION 67
5.1 Conclusion 67
5.2 Suggestion 68
REFERENCE 70

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