臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文旨在實現一演算法，使微電網能順利地在孤島與併網模式間進行切換且能穩定運作，為了能順利將微電網併上市電，首先需測量微電網端之三相電壓值，透過鎖相迴路計算其相位角，並符合併網相關規範。相位檢測採用同步參考軸鎖相迴路(Synchronous Reference Frame,SRF-PLL)，其優勢是架構最為簡單，當微處理器在運算時可簡化運算之複雜度，且容易實現。
文中利用Matlab/Simulink模擬一微電網之架構，並用Dev-C++模擬演算法並驗證其可行性，最後將演算法寫入Renesas RX62T微處理器做運算。在硬體部分以三相四線半橋式變流器模擬一微電網，藉由演算法可將變流器在孤島與併網模式下切換，利用電壓、電流感測電路將三相輸出電壓、電流拉回微處理器做運算，即達到閉迴路控制之目的。

關鍵字：微電網、孤島模式、併網模式、同步參考軸鎖相迴路

Abstract
The purpose of this thesis is to implement an algorithm that enables the microgrid to switch between islanding and grid-connected operation modes smoothly and to operate stably. To be able to successfully grid-connected with utility grid, it is necessary to measure the three-phase voltage of the microgrid first. Calculate the phase angle through the phase-locked loop and meet the related grid codes or regulations. The phase detection adopts Synchronous Reference Frame (SRF-PLL). The advantage is that the topology is the simplest. When the microprocessor is in operation, it can simplify the computational complexity and it is easy to implement.

This thesis uses Matlab/Simulink to simulate the architecture of a microgrid and uses Dev-C++ simulation algorithm to verify its feasibility. Finally, the algorithm is written into the Renesas RX62T microprocessor for operation. In the hardware implementation, a microgrid is simulated by a three-phase four wire, half-bridge inverter. The inverter can be switched between island and grid mode by using the proposed algorithm. The voltage and current sensing circuit are used to output the three-phase voltage. The current is recall or feedback to the microprocessor for closed- loop operation control.

Keywords: Microgrid, Islanding Mode, Grid-Connected Mode, SRF-PLL

論文摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 x
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究背景與動機 1
1-2 文獻探討 2
1-3 論文大綱 3
第二章 微電網簡介 4
2-1 孤島偵測技術 4
2-1-1 被動式孤島偵測(Passive Islanding Detection) 5
2-1-2 主動式孤島偵測(Active Islanding Detection) 6
2-1-3 孤島偵測技術比較 8
2-2 微電網之相位檢測技術 9
2-2-1 零交越法(Zero-Crossing Method) 9
2-2-2 三相電壓濾波法(Three Phase Voltage Filtering)[11] 10
2-2-3 鎖相迴路法(Phase Lock Loop, PLL) 11
2-3併網規範 16
2-4 章節總結 18
第三章 微電網之控制策略介紹 19
3-1 孤島模式(Islanding Mode) 19
3-2 同步控制器(Synchronization Controller) 20
3-3 併網模式(Grid-Connected Mode) 21
第四章 系統介紹與模擬結果 23
4-1 系統架構 23
4-1-1 變流器 23
4-1-2正弦脈波寬度調變技術 24
4-1-3 單相變流器(Single Phase Inverter) 25
4-1-4 三相變流器(Three Phase Inverter) 31
4-2 孤島模式下之模擬波型 33
4-2-1 Case1:在孤島模式下空載之波形 34
4-2-2 Case2:在孤島模式下輕載之波形: 35
4-2-3 Case3:在孤島模式下重載之波形 : 37
4-3 併網模式下之波型 38
第五章 實驗結果 41
5-1 系統硬體介紹 43
5-1-1 電壓感測電路 46
5-1-2 電流感測電路 47
5-2 系統韌體介紹 48
5-2-1 微處理器介紹 48
5-2-2 演算法之程式規劃 51
5-3孤島模式下之波形 52
5-3-1 Case1:在孤島模式下空載之波形 54
5-3-2 Case2:在孤島模式下輕載之波形 55
5-3-3 Case3:在孤島模式下重載之波形 55
第六章 結論與未來發展 57
6-1 結論 57
6-2 未來研究方向 58
參考文獻 59

參考文獻
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