臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用中碳鎳鉻鉬合金鋼作為底材，在400°C∼700°C的低溫，進行2∼24小時的滲鋁還原反應，藉由化學反應與固態擴散的方式，針對鋼材表面進行改質，在鋼材表面生成高硬度、耐腐蝕及高溫抗氧化性佳之鐵鋁基合金，提昇鋼鐵表面機械與抗腐蝕性質。報告中探討滲鋁溫度及滲鋁時間等製程參數，對於擴散層相成分與厚度之影響，並評估其表面機械性質與耐腐蝕性改善之情形，以得到最佳化的製程控制參數與表面性質，期能控制硬化層厚度與機械性質，降低硬化處理之成本，應用於高強韌性能需求之場合。
實驗顯示，本研究最低處理溫度為400°C，成功的將滲鋁處理溫度降低至鋼鐵的退火溫度以下，使母材處理後仍擁有良好的韌性與強度。滲鋁溫度及滲鋁時間影響了擴散層厚度、相成分與機械性質，本研究之生成相的厚度介於15∼100um，所得之活化能為15.23 KJ╱mole，表面的鐵鋁鍍膜可以生成兩種不同相的擴散層，經由EDS與XRD分析，最外層之生成相為鐵鋁之介金屬化合物－Fe2Al5，中間層則為Fe3Al結構之合金層，其硬度可以達到Hv600以上，且有更佳之耐磨耗性。

Low-temperature formed Fe-/Al intermetallic compound by aluminizing on the surface of a Ni-Cr-Mo containing medium carbon steel was investigated. The processing temperatures were ranged between 400°C and 700°C. The diffusion time was varied from 2 to 24 hours. The structures, phases, and mechanical properties of the coating layers were studied. The thickness of coating layers were in the range of 15um~100um. The activation energy for formation of the coating layers was estimated 15.23 KJ/mole. The coating layers consist of two different phases. The Fe2Al5 phase was formed on the surface layer and the solid solution with Fe3Al structure was formed at the interface between surface Fe2Al5 layer and the substrate. The surface hardness is higher than Hv600 while keeping the substrate hardness at relatively high level.

摘　要 i
英文摘要 ii
誌 謝 iii
目　錄 iv
表　目　錄 vii
圖　目　錄 viii
第一章 緒　論 1
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1 表面處理技術 3
2.1.1 表面處理的目的 3
2.1.2 表面處理之重要性 4
2.1.3 表面處理技術之種類 4
2.2 滲碳原理與方法 5
2.2.1 固體滲碳法 6
2.2.2 液體滲碳法 8
2.2.3 氣體滲碳法 8
2.2.4 真空滲碳法 9
2.3 滲氮原理與方法 10
2.3.1 氣體氮化法 10
2.3.2 液體氮化法 11
2.3.3 離子氮化法 11
2.4 碳氮共滲原理與方法 12
2.4.1 氣體碳氮共滲 13
2.4.2 液體碳氮共滲 13
2.4.3 離子碳氮共滲 14
2.5 滲金屬原理與方法 15
2.5.1 滲鉻 15
2.5.2 滲鋅 19
2.6 鐵鋁基合金 20
2.6.1 鐵鋁基合金的簡介 20
2.6.2 鐵鋁介金屬化合物 21
2.6.3 鐵鋁介金屬化合物的腐蝕研究 25
2.7 鐵鋁基合金製程 25
2.7.1 熱浸滲鋁（hot dip aluminizing） 26
2.7.2 粉體滲透法（pack cementation） 26
2.8 磨耗理論 27
2.8.1 黏著磨耗( Adhesive Wear ) 28
2.8.2 磨料磨耗(Abrasive Wear) 29
2.8.3 表面疲勞( Surface Fatigue Wear) 31
2.8.4 磨潤化學磨耗（Tribochemical Reaction Wear） 32
2.8.5 磨耗行為及參數 33
第三章 實驗方法 36
3.1 實驗材料 36
3.2 實驗流程 36
3.2.1 滲鋁劑調配 38
3.2.2 前處理 38
3.2.3 粉體滲透法（Pack Cementation） 38
3.3 X-ray繞射分析 39
3.4 電子顯微鏡觀察 39
3.5 顯微組織結構觀察 40
3.6 硬度試驗 40
3.7 磨耗試驗 40
第四章 結果與討論 42
4.1 鐵鋁合金生成條件與鍍層觀察 42
4.2 鐵鋁合金生成相結構分析 49
4.3 擴散溫度對鍍層厚度之影響 52
4.4 擴散時間對鍍層厚度之影響 58
4.5 活化能與動力學計算 63
4.6 硬度試驗 65
4.7 磨耗試驗 67
第五章 結論 76
參考文獻 77

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