臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究利用低功耗廣域網路（LPWAN）當中的長距離低功耗傳輸技術（LoRa）來實現遠距離健康監控系統，長時間監測病人或年長者的生理訊號。首先測試LoRa技術在室外及室內實際的傳輸效能，將接收的基站架設於長庚大學工學院十樓光纖通訊實驗室內，並以此為中心將節點安置於室外各處發送封包，實驗結果在室內4層樓及室外2.35公里內範圍平均都能達到90%以上的封包接收成功率。接著使用生理信號感測模組，透過演算法取得心率、血氧、體溫、血壓的數值；並整合微處理器、感測模組、LoRa模組三者成穿戴式裝置，設定測量時間為每一分鐘一次，能夠隨時監控病人或年長者的生理訊號，訊號發送後會經過基站上傳到網路伺服器上做處理，接著透過TCP/IP網路協定將資料傳送到本機端顯示並儲存，使相關照護人員能夠在本機端即時監控病人或長者的生理訊號，並且能夠查看歷史紀錄來判斷他們的身體狀況。

In this study, long-distance low-power transmission technology (LoRa) in low-power wide area network (LPWAN) is used to realize remote health monitoring system, and the physiological signals of patients or elderly people are monitored for a long time. Firstly, test LoRa technology in the outdoor and indoor actual transmission efficiency, the base station be erected in the 10 floor fiber optic communication laboratory, engineering building, Chang Gung University. The average of packet reception success ratio was measured more than 90% within 2.35km and four floors in this case. After we use the physiological signal sensor to get the heart rate, blood oxygen, body temperature, blood pressure values and integrated microcontroller, sensing module, and LoRa module into a wearable device which is able to monitor the patient and the elderly physiological signal every one minutes. Furthermore, the signal be sent to the network server pass by the gateway, and then the network server send the data to the local server through the TCP/IP protocol. So, the related healthcare workers can monitor the physiological signals of the patient or the elderly at the machine side and be able to view the historical record to determine their physical condition.

指導教授推薦書
口試委員會審定書
致謝 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
目錄 vi
圖次 ix
表次 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 遠端醫療照護的需求 1
1.2 低功耗廣域網路興起 3
1.3研究動機 6
1.4論文架構 6
第二章 系統之理論及技術 7
2.1 感測原理 7
2.1.1血壓估測原理 7
2.1.2血氧濃度量測原理 9
2.1.3心跳量測原理 11
2.2 LoRaWAN技術 11
2.2.1 物理層介紹 11
2.2.2網路結構及媒體存取機制 14
2.2.3 LoRa在空中傳輸時間 16
第三章 實驗系統架設與方法 19
3.1系統架構 20
3.2感測節點硬體介紹 22
3.2.1微處理機Arduino介紹 24
3.2.2 MAX30100血氧/體溫感測器介紹 24
3.2.3 RN2483模組介紹 26
3.2.4 血壓/心率感測器介紹 27
3.2.5 HC-05藍芽模組介紹 27
3.3基站 28
3.4系統程式控制流程 29
3.4.1前端程式流程 30
3.4.2後端程式流程 33
第四章 結果與討論 35
4.1 Payload改變，室外封包遺失率計算與比較 35
4.2室內封包遺失率計算 37
4.3 SF改變，室外封包遺失率的比較 37
4.4傳統脈壓式與新型光學式量測的比較 38
4.5 資料的處理和儲存 39
第五章 結論與未來展望 42
5.1 結論 42
5.2 未來展望 42
參考文獻 44

圖次
圖2.1-1 脈搏傳輸時間PTT示意圖 8
圖2.1-2 帶氧與不帶氧血紅素在不同波長光線的吸收性 10
圖2.1-3 光感測器接收訊號 10
圖2.2-1 LoRaWAN網路架構 14
圖2.2-2 LoRaWAN類別A 15
圖2.2-3 LoRaWAN類別B 15
圖2.2-4 LoRaWAN類別C 16
圖2.2-5 不同頻寬的空間傳輸時間比較 17
圖2.2-6 不同展頻因子的空間傳輸時間比較 18
圖3-1 LoRa 1公里內室外測量點A-F 19
圖3-2 LoRa 2.35公里室外測量點 20
圖3.1-1 系統方塊圖 20
圖3.1-2 MAX30100 資料暫存器 21
圖3.2-1 感測裝置硬體 22
圖3.2-2 I²C接線示意圖線 23
圖3.2-3 UART接線示意圖線 23
圖3.2-4 Arduino Nano 腳位示意圖 24
圖3.2-5 MAX3010電路圖 25
圖3.2-6 MAX30100工作示意圖 25
圖3.2-7 RN2483模組 26
圖3.2-8 RN2483內部方塊圖 26
圖3.2-9 Z2 health watch電路方塊圖 27
圖3.2-10 HC-05藍芽模組 28
圖3.3-1 LoRa基站設置 29
圖3.4-1 節點程式流程圖 32
圖3.4-2 後端伺服器程式流程圖 34
圖4.1-1 不同封包大小遺失率比較 36
圖4.3-1 不同SF之遺失率比較 38
圖4.4-1 Labview人機介面顯示接收資料 40
圖4.4-2 資料存於電腦中，以Excel方式查看紀錄 41

表次
表2.2-1 LoRaWAN在不同調變和參數設定下的傳輸速率 13
表4.1-1 SF9、125kHz、10位元室外封包傳遞 35
表4.1-2 SF9、125kHz、30位元室外封包傳遞 36
表4.2-1 SF9、125kHz、30位元大小室內封包傳遞 37
表4.4-1 傳統與新型量測方式的收縮壓比較 38
表4.4-2 傳統與新型量測方式的舒張壓比較 39
表4.4-3 傳統與新型量測方式的心率比較 39

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