臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文主旨為針對一款新型永磁式同步馬達進行特性分析，首先藉由d-q軸理論分析永磁同步馬達之數學模式，觀察馬達參數對電氣特性的影響，並利用電機設計準則，初步定義永磁同步馬達之機械尺寸與槽極比，接著利用有限元素模擬軟體(Flux)模擬馬達之頓轉轉矩、反電動勢、電磁轉矩、d-q軸電感與效率等特性，並觀察結果是否符合設計值。此外亦使用圓線圖法(circle diagram)將本文所提出之馬達可操作區域，在d-q軸電流平面上畫成軌跡，藉此表達馬達調速範圍與輸出性能，最後本文以相同尺寸馬達進行不同槽極組合之模擬，分析馬達特性之差異。

The main purpose of this thesis is to analyze the characteristic of a novel permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). Firstly, the mathmatical analysis of the PMSM is accomplished by the d-q axis theory. Secondly, the commercial finite element method (FEM) software, Flux, is applied to simulate the cogging torque, back electromotive force, electromagnetic torque, d-q axis inductances and efficiency, observing whether the results meet the design requirements. The expression of the PMSM is evaluated by a circle diagram method, which shows the adjustable speed range and output characteristics by drawing the operating area as track in the plane of d-q axis of current. Finally, the differences of the motor characteristics are compared in the case of various slot/pole combinations of the same motor size.

目錄
摘要 i
Abstract ii
誌謝 iii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
符號說明 xi
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究目的與動機 1
1.2文獻探討 3
1.3論文貢獻 4
1.4論文架構 5
第二章 永磁式同步馬達架構與數學模式 6
2.1永磁無刷馬達 6
2.1.1表貼型馬達(Surface Permanent Magnet) 7
2.1.2內藏型馬達(Interior Permanent Magnet) 7
2.1.3直流無刷馬達(Brushless DC Motor, BLDCM) 8
2.1.4永磁同步馬達(Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor, PMSM) 8
2.2永磁同步馬達數學模型 9
2.2.1電壓平衡方程式 9
2.2.2磁交鏈方程式 10
2.3座標轉換 11
2.3.1三相靜止座標與兩相靜止座標間的變換 12
2.3.2兩相靜止座標與兩相旋轉座標間的變換 14
2.3.3三相靜止座標轉換至兩相旋轉座標間 15
2.3.4永磁同步馬達d-q軸模型 16
2.4 圓線圖法 18
2.4.1電流極限圓 18
2.4.2電壓極限圓 19
第三章 表貼式永磁同步馬達設計 21
3.1槽數與極數選擇 22
3.2永磁同步馬達材料選用 23
3.2.1磁鐵 23
3.2.2鐵芯材料 27
3.3馬達主要尺寸選擇 30
3.3.1定子尺寸之選用 30
3.3.2 定子線圈與氣隙大小之選用 32
3.3.3 轉子尺寸之選用 32
第四章 表貼式永磁同步馬達分析 34
4.1頓轉轉矩 34
4.2反電動勢波形與諧波分析 34
4.3電磁轉矩與轉矩漣波 35
4.4功率與損失計算 36
4.4.1銅損( ) 36
4.4.2鐵損( ) 37
4.5有限元素軟體模擬分析 38
4.5.1有限元素分析軟體Flux 38
4.5.2模擬結果與分析 42
4.5.3改變定子展開角對馬達特性之影響 47
4.5.4磁通密度分布 49
4.5.5 d-q軸電感分析 49
4.5.6損失與效率計算 53
4.5.7馬達外部特性分析 54
4.5.8表貼式永磁同步馬達之圓線圖 54
第五章 三種槽極比之表貼式永磁式同步馬達分析 58
5.1馬達架構 59
5.2馬達特性比較 60
5.2.1頓轉轉矩 60
5.2.2反動勢波形與諧波分析 62
5.2.3電磁轉矩 69
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 71
6.1結論 71
6.2未來研究方向 71
參考文獻 73

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