臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國內輸電線路採行之保護系統架構中，依動作原理之不同，主保護以差流電驛、測距電驛及副線電驛為主，後衛保護則有三區間測距電驛及方向性過流電驛等，其中後衛保護電驛需要做標置上的協調。本論文應用標置協調理論、網路導納矩陣化簡及故障電流分佈之計算，依台電現行輸電線路之三區間測距電驛標置原則，開發視窗化之測距電驛標置計算程式，搭配ASPEN軟體模擬方向性過流電驛標置，可做輸電線路測距電驛與方向性過流電驛之保護協調。藉由程式之模擬，評估目前國內輸電線路測距電驛之保護協調情況，提出合宜之測距電驛Zone-2標置方法。

因目前系統分散式電源漸增，輸電線路發生故障時，伴隨產生當保護區間內有支路故障電流饋入(Infeed)、饋出(Outfeed)效應時，對於測距電驛偵測到之視在阻抗影響不容忽視，以免造成測距電驛偵測故障點是否在設定的保護範圍內時，產生誤判。本論文將輸電線路發生單一偶發事故(N-1) 之情況納入分析，模擬出新的Zone-2標置值可適用的電網架構更廣泛，不須因短時間之臨時停電或跳線而立即更改設定值，系統實例模擬結果亦觀察得Zone-2保護範圍之提昇，可作為修訂目前測距電驛標置原則之參考。

In Taiwan, the main protection scheme of transmission lines include current differential relay, distance relay and pilot wire relay. The backup protection scheme of transmission lines include three zone distance relay and directional overcurrent relay. Among them, the settings of the backup protective relays need to be coordinated. According to the principle of the distance relay settings at present, this paper plans to use the relay settings coordination theory, the network admittance matrix abbreviation and the fault current distribution calculation trying to develop the windowlizing calculating program of distance relay settings. Then using ASPEN software to simulate directional overcurrent relay settings to achieve the coordination between distance relays and directional overcurrent relays of the transmission line. This paper hopes to evaluate the coordination situation of the domestic transmission lines by computer procedure immediately and pinpoint the problems. Then studying the way to improve and providing more suitable approach of the Zone-2 setting of the distance relay.
The results of the systematic simulation have been observed, up till now, that the influences of the apparent impedance caused by the infeed and outfeed effects can't be ignored, because the distributed generations are increasing. Or it will cause distance relays to make misjudgment whether the fault point is within the protection zone. this paper further considers the situation in case of one transmission line outage (N-1). The new Zone-2 setting can be used in more extensive power system structure and needn’t change the settings when one transmission line outage temporary. From the results of this paper, the promotion of the Zone-2 protection zone also be observed. So that the approach can be the reference when revising the principle of the distance relay settings at present.

摘 要
Abstract
誌 謝
目 　 錄
圖 目 錄
表 目 錄
第一章 緒論
1.1 研究背景與動機
1.2 研究目標與方法
1.3 文獻回顧
1.4 研究成果
1.5 章節內容
第二章 測距電驛保護之基本原理
2.1 前言
2.2 輸電線路之保護架構
2.2.1 345kV輸電線路保護電驛引接方式
2.2.2 161kV輸電線路保護電驛引接方式
2.2.3 69kV輸電線路保護電驛引接方式
2.3 測距電驛基本原理
2.4 測距電驛之保護邏輯
2.4.1 失壓(LOP)保護邏輯
2.4.2 加壓(SOTF)保護邏輯
2.4.3 匯流排末端(Stub Bus)保護邏輯
2.5 測距電驛之測試
2.5.1 特性試驗
2.5.2 跳脫試驗
2.5.3 接線試驗
2.6 本章結論
第三章 測距電驛標置協調之程式開發
3.1 前言
3.2 保護電驛之標置協調理論
3.2.1 測距電驛
3.2.2 方向性過流電驛
3.2.3 測距電驛與方向性過流電驛之協調
3.3 視在阻抗之計算
3.3.1 網路導納矩陣之化簡
3.3.2 故障電流分佈之計算
3.3.3 測距電驛之視在阻抗設定
3.3.4 系統模擬驗證
3.4 自行開發之視窗化測距電驛標置計算程式
3.4.1 程式設計流程圖
3.4.2 模組化設計
3.5 商用軟體ASPEN之67、67N標置協調功能
3.6 本章結論
第四章 輸電線傳統測距電驛標置方法之分析
4.1 前言
4.2 現行台電輸電線路之測距電驛標置原則
4.2.1 69kV電壓等級
4.2.2 161kV電壓等級
4.2.3 161kV電壓等級(單回輸電線路之電源端)
4.2.4 345kV電壓等級
4.3 範例系統之模擬
4.3.1 69kV電壓等級
4.3.2 161kV電壓等級
4.3.3 345kV電壓等級
4.4 本章結論
第五章 改善目前測距電驛Zone-2標置之方法
5.1 前言
5.2 傳統輸電線路測距電驛標置方法之盲點
5.2.1 有饋入(Infeed)效應之電網
5.2.2 有饋出(Outfeed)效應之電網
5.3 分散式電源併聯於變電所出口線路1Ω處對視在阻抗增量之影響
5.4 建議之Zone-2標置方法與傳統標置方法之比較
5.5 系統實例模擬結果與比較
5.6 本章結論
第六章 結論及未來研究方向
6.1 本論文之研究成果
6.2 未來研究方向
參考資料
附錄A 輸電線路之測距電驛標置參數表
作者簡介

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