臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

摘要

重複視盲(repetition blindness，簡稱RB)是指我們在看到一系列快速呈現的刺激時，通常會看不見或未報告出其中重複的刺激。研究證明重複的刺激包括二個相同的詞彙、相同的語音、或相同的圖形等，皆能發現到RB現象。然而在相同的概念上，語意相同或相似的詞彙並沒有RB出現，語意相似的圖片則有。本研究的五個實驗即是以中文詞和圖片來檢驗概念的RB現象。實驗一以語意相似的中文詞（例如：手機-電話）為刺激，並未發現RB，換做圖片則有RB出現。實驗二將圖片分割為「有明顯特徵的部分圖片」及「無明顯特徵的部分圖片」。結果在完整圖片和「有明顯特徵的部分圖片」之間發現RB，在完整圖片和「無明顯特徵的部分圖片」之間則無RB。證明呈現物體的明顯特徵即足以激發整體概念的組合，。實驗三以語意相似的中文單字詞（例如：手-腳）未發現RB。實驗四以跨形式的詞和圖為刺激，包括語意相同（腳- ）、語意相似（手- ）、語音相同（角- ），皆未發現RB。實驗五將跨形式的詞和圖置入句子中，以完整的句子為刺激，則在語意相同組、語音相同組中發現RB，語意相似組則無。藉由一系列的實驗結果，我們提出一個「類別知識包含詞彙類別和概念類別」的假設，以此說明為何文字較圖片不易形成概念層次的RB。

Abstract

Repetition Blindness (RB) refers to the effect that subjects cannot recognize the second occurrence (R2) of a target (R1) in RSVP paradigm. Literature shows that RB is quite robust if R1 and R2 are identical. And, RB would also appear if R1 and R2 share some similarity: perceptual, orthographic, and phonological alike. What remains unclear is whether semantic similarity can yield RB or not. In this study, five experiments were conducted to investigate the role of semantic relatedness in RB. Semantic related Chinese words and pictures were tested in study 1. RB was found with pictures, but not with words. Distinctive features of pictures also yielded RB in study 2. Semantic related Chinese characters yielded no RB in study 3. Mixed presentation of word and picture confirmed pictures can produce RB, but words cannot in study 4 and study 5. By these experiments, we confirmed semantic relatedness can produce RB if presented by pictures. Lexical and semantic processes of words in RB were also discussed.

目錄

第一章 緒論…………………………………………………………………1
第一節 重複視盲現象……………………………………………………..1
第二節 形成重複視盲的原因……………………………………………..6
第三節 重複視盲的知覺層次與概念層次………………………………14
第二章 研究目的..…………………………………………………………21
第三章 研究方法…………………………………………………………25
實驗一………………………………………………………………… 25
實驗二………………………………………………………………… 29
實驗三………………………………………………………………… 34
實驗四………………………………………………………………… 37
實驗五………………………………………………………………… 42
第四章 綜合討論………………………………………………………… 47
參考文獻…………………………………………………………………… 55
附錄一:語意相似性調查問卷(節錄)
附錄二:實驗一的刺激材料
附錄三:物體特徵突顯性調查問卷(及調查結果)
附錄四:實驗三的刺激材料
附錄五:實驗四的刺激材料
附錄六:實驗五的刺激材料

表目錄
表一:實驗1A 和實驗1B 之正確率………………………………28
表二:實驗2A 與2B 之正確率………………………………33
表三:實驗三各組之正確率………………………………35
表四之一:實驗4A 之正確率……………………………… 38
表四之二:實驗4B 之正確率……………………………… 39
表四之三:實驗4C 之正確率……………………………… 40
表五之ㄧ:實驗5A 之正確率……………………………… 43
表五之二:實驗5B 之正確率……………………………… 44
表五之三:實驗5C 之正確率……………………………… 45
表六:實驗四重複情境各組與無關組正確率之差………………………………46
表七:實驗五重複情境各組與無關組正確率之差………………………………46
圖目錄
圖一:重複視盲的處裡機制……………………………… 9

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