臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣地區的角閃岩主要出露在中央山脈東北部，屬於大南澳片岩成雙變質帶中太魯閣帶，是台灣最古老的地質構造單位。大南澳片岩區歷經多次變質歷史，其中出露的角閃岩體過去有岩象學、礦物化學、主要元素及少量微量元素及同位素研究，但並未結合岩象特徵及全岩化學特性，深入探討影響角閃岩全岩化學之變因。本論文32件樣本採自東澳、南澳一帶楓樹山角閃岩體。其中15件樣本採自楓樹山角閃岩西側國道東部公路蘇澳和平段工程所鑽得岩芯(編號BT-012-01)，另17件樣本採自楓樹山角閃岩東側粉鳥林海邊之露頭。利用全岩主要、微量元素含量、Sr-Nd同位素比值配合岩象觀察結果，以釐清大南澳片岩區角閃岩原岩形成環境，並探討變質過程中元素變遷行為。
標本外觀及岩象觀察結果顯示，本研究樣本主要分為細粒角閃岩Group 1共30件樣本及較Group 1顆粒為粗之角閃岩Group 2共2件樣本。所有樣品主要元素為玄武岩質(SiO2 = 46.9－51.4 wt%，MgO = 7.6－11.7 wt%)。32個樣本的143Nd/144Nd比值落於0.513090－0.513221 (εNd = 8.8－11.4)範圍內，顯示角閃岩原岩源自虧損型地函，且兩群角閃岩可能為同源。Group 1樣本皆為輕稀土元素貧乏，與正常中洋脊玄武岩特徵相似，由不易遷移微量元素濃度及比值(Yb = 1.75－3.28 ppm，Zr = 27.6－101 ppm，La/Yb = 0.55－0.99，Zr/Sm = 23.8－27.7，Zr/Nd = 8.44－10.1)，所有樣本皆落於中洋脊玄武岩範圍內，與島弧玄武岩不同。Group 2樣本相較於Group 1樣本則具較高之Al2O3及偏低的TiO2、Fe2O3、P2O5及微量元素含量，推測原岩可能為堆晶輝長岩。利用不易遷移微量元素進行模擬計算，顯示採自粉鳥林Group 2角閃岩原岩應為Group 1原岩結晶分化之輝長質堆晶岩，其輝長質原岩礦物組合為斜輝石(21－27%)、斜長石(56－60%)及橄欖石(16－18%)。更進一步證實，粉鳥林地區不同外觀角閃岩原岩為同源，且兩者關係為母岩漿-堆晶岩。與正常型中洋脊玄武岩比較，Group 1與Group 2樣本皆具較高之Rb、Ba、K、Cs等大離子半徑元素，推測為變質過程中流體介入所造成。樣本DGA 11則另可能受到海水蝕變作用影響。

Amphibolites are mainly exposed in the NE part of the Central Range in Taiwan, occurring as blocks in the Tailuko Belt of Tananao Schist Complex, which is the oldest geological unit in Taiwan. Researches have been focused on the petrographic characteristics, major and trace element compositions, and isotopic signatures of the amphibolites to investigate their protolith characteristics. Both arc and N-MORB protoliths have been argued without decisive conclusions. In this study, thirty-two amphibolites were collected from the Fengshushan amphibolite block, including 15 cored samples from western block and 17 samples from outcrop in Fanniaolin, eastern part of the Fengshushan amphibolite. The major and trace element abundances and Sr-Nd isotopic ratios, combined with the petrographic characteristics for the Fengshushan amphibolites provide constraints on their protolith characteristics and the extents of element fractionation during medium-pressure metamorphism.
Based on the petrographic characteristics, the Fengshushan amphibolites can be divided into fine-grained group 1 (30 of the 32 samples) and coarse-grained group 2 samples. The major oxide abundances for all the samples are within the range of basaltic compositions (SiO2 = 46.9–51.4 wt%, MgO = 7.6–11.7 wt%). All the samples have 143Nd/144Nd ratios ranging from 0.513090 to 0.513221 (εNd = 8.8–11.4), implying a cogenetic relationship generated from depleted mantle. The group 1 samples are characterized by LREE depletion, comparable to the N-MORB. The immobile element abundances and ratios of group 1 samples (Yb = 1.75–3.28 ppm, Zr = 27.6–101 ppm, La/Yb = 0.55–0.99, Zr/Sm = 23.8–27.7, Zr/Nd = 8.44–10.1) are also within the range of N-MORB, but different from arc basalts. High Al2O3 but low TiO2, Fe2O3, P2O5, and trace element abundances in the group 2 samples indicate that their protoliths are plagioclase-rich cumulates. Mass balance and modeled calculations demonstrate that the gabbroic protoliths for the group 2 samples are composed of 21–27 % clinopyroxene, 56–60 % plagioclase, and 16–18% olivine, and the group 2 samples can be related to the group 1 samples by crystal fractionation during the formation of their protoliths. Compared to the N-MORB, all the analyzed samples are enriched in abundances of mobile elements, such as Rb, Ba, K, and Cs. This may result from the fluid infiltration during metamorphism. In addition, sample DGA 11 may be affected by the sea floor alteration, elevating its U content prior to subduction.

摘要 Ⅰ
Abstract Ⅱ
誌謝 Ⅳ
目錄………………………………………………………………………………………..Ⅴ
表目錄……………………………………………………………………………………..Ⅶ
圖目錄……………………………………………………………………………………..Ⅷ

第一章 緒論 1
1-1 前言 1
1-2 地質背景 3
1-3 文獻回顧 5
1-3-1 大南澳片岩中角閃岩的溫壓環境 5
1-3-2 大南澳片岩的地體構造史 6
1-3-3 角閃岩原岩性質 11
1-4 研究動機及目的 11
第二章 標本與分析方法 13
2-1 野外調查及標本採集 13
2-2 岩象觀察 14
2-2-1 掃描式電子顯微鏡與能量散射光譜儀 14
2-3 全岩地球化學分析 15
2-3-1 X光螢光分析 15
2-3-2 感應耦合電漿質譜儀分析 16
2-4 Sr-Nd同位素分析 18
2-4-1 化學前處理 18
2-4-2 熱離子源質譜儀分析 21
第三章 分析結果 28
3-1 岩象特徵 28
3-2 主要元素 35
3-3 微量元素 35
3-4 Sr-Nd同位素 38
第四章 討論 59
4-1 大南澳變質雜岩中角閃岩之原岩生成環境 59
4-1-1 構造判別圖之隱示 59
4-1-2 Sr-Nd同位素之制約 65
4-1-3 微量元素濃度與比值之制約 67
4-2 洋殼蝕變與變質作用對全岩成份之影響 77
4-3 粉鳥林露頭樣本成因關係 82
4-3-1 主要元素制約 82
4-3-2 微量元素模擬計算結果 85
4-4 楓樹山角閃岩變質溫壓條件 88
4-4-1 文獻報導方法與結果 88
4-4-2 Thermocalc (V3.21)溫壓計算 89
第五章 結論 98
參考文獻 100
英文部分： 100
中文部分： 106
附錄表 107

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