臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為降低鋼板之合金含量，增加鋼板強度，而開發出控制軋延及加速冷卻兩大製程，利用此兩大製程可開發出50 kg/mm2級TMCP鋼，此鋼種若以加入較多量微合金元素之方式，可開發出強度等級高於50 kg/mm2級TMCP鋼之後其鋼板之銲接性就很有可能與這些元素含量之多寡息息相關。
本研究乃針對60kg/mm2級TMCP之輸油管路用鋼板，仍就做高熱輸入量單道銲銲接性熱模擬研究。實驗以Gleeble 1500動態冶金模擬試驗機，模擬在不同之高熱輸入量時，熱影響區之金相組織，並針對熱影響區之強度及衝擊韌性做熱影響區之模擬，並了解銲接時不同冷卻速率對銲接熱影響區之低溫衝擊韌性及硬度之影響，並以SEM觀察其微觀組織，分析熱影響區衝擊韌性劣化之可能原因；另外並進行零強度溫度、零延性溫度及高溫延性之分析；以SEM觀察熱裂後試片之破斷面，了解在高熱輸入量時高溫劣化行為，並分析接近融熔線之熱影響區之熱裂敏感性。
將60 kg/mm2級TMCP鋼之熱延性實驗結果經整理後，與50 kg/mm2級TMCP鋼之銲接性作比較，發現60 kg/mm2級TMCP鋼有較低之熱裂敏感性，亦即有較佳之銲接性。

Thermomechanical controlled process steel (TMCP steel) was manufactured by controlled rolling and accelerated cooling process for lower alloy content and higher strength. Higher strength can be achieved by adding Ni, V, and Ti elements. The weldability of TMCP steel may be affected by these elements.
In this work, the weldability of 60kg/mm2-grade TMCP steel was studied at high heat input. Thermal simulation of the real welding processes was conducted using Gleeble 1500. Simulated microstructure of heat affect zone was observed. Simulated specimens were tested for hardness, strength, and toughness in order to understand the HAZ degradation under different heat input. Furthermore, hot ductility test and nil-strength test were carried out to analyze the mechanism of hot crack. Observation on the crack surface of hot ductility specimen was conducted and the results of hot ductility test were confirmed. Hot ductility curves and ultimate strength curves were plotted and hot crack susceptible region in HAZ was predicted.
Comparing the weldability between the 50kg/mm2 grade and 60kg/mm2 grade TMCP steel, it has been found that the 60kg/mm2 grade TMCP steel exhibited better weldability than 50kg/mm2 grade TMCP steel.

摘要…………………………………..…………………………………Ⅰ
Abstract………………………………………………………………….Ⅱ
誌謝……………………………………………………………………..Ⅲ
目錄……………………………………………………………………..Ⅳ
表目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅵ
圖目錄…………………………………………………………………..Ⅶ
第一章 緒論……………………………………………………………..1
1-1前言…………….……………....………………………………….1
1-2文獻回顧……………………………….………………………….2
1-2-1 發展背景…………………………………….……………....2
1-2-2 銲接裂縫敏感性…………………………………………….5
1-2-3 銲接性的測試方法………………………………………….6
1-3研究動機………………… …..……………………………….8
第二章 TMCP鋼之製程及銲接熱影響區性質………………………..9
2-1 TMCP鋼之製程………………………………………………….9
2-1-1 控制軋延………………………………………………….…9
2-1-2 加速冷卻…………………………………………………...11
2-2 TMCP鋼之熱影響區……………………………………………14
2-2-1 熱影響區組織分類及其機械性質………………………...14
2-2-2 熱裂縫產生之種類及原因………………………………...17
2-2-3 零延性溫度及零強度溫度之意義…………...……………18
2-3 銲接性的評估方法……………………………………………...21
第三章 實驗儀器、材料………………………………………………..27
3-1 實驗材料………………………………………………………...27
3-2 母材顯微組織…………………………………………………...27
3-3 試片規格………………………………………………….……..31
3-4 實驗設備………………………………………………….……..33
第四章 實驗方法及步驟………………………………………………39
4-1 實驗步驟及流程…………………………………………...……39
4-2 實際銲接及熱影響區組織之溫度歷程量取方法...…...……….41
4-3 熱模擬試驗溫度歷程曲線……………………………………...42
4-4熱延性曲線及零強度溫度之試驗法…………………………....46
4-5 衝擊韌性熱模擬試驗…………………………………………...48
4-6 拉伸熱模擬試驗………………………………………………...48
4-7 母材之示差熱分析(DTA)………………………………………48
4-8 雙道銲接衝擊組織模擬試驗步驟……………………………...49
第五章 實驗結果、討論及比較……………………………………….51
5-1 實際銲接與銲接熱模擬之比較………………………………...51
5-1-1 實際銲接溫度歷程與計算所得曲線比較………………...51
5-1-2 實際銲接熱影響區組織與試片熱模擬組織之比較……...52
5-1-3 實際銲道及熱影響區的硬度分布與熱模擬姐織之硬度比較.…………………………………………………………...57
5-2 組織熱模擬試驗結果之金相組織比較………………………...59
5-3 TMCP鋼熱影響區熱模擬組織之強度…………………………62
5-4 熱延性試驗結果………………………………………………..64
5-4-1 零強度溫度試驗…………………………………………...64
5-4-2 熱延性試驗中零延性溫度的決定………………………...64
5-4-3 試片斷口斷面之SEM組織觀察………………………….76
5-4-4 50kg/mm2級TMCP鋼與60kg/mm2級TMCP鋼之熱裂性比較…………………..…………………………………......86
5-5 示差熱分析討論…………………………...……………………90
5-6 熱模擬後的衝擊韌性試驗結果………………………………...91
5-6-1 衝擊值曲線………………………………………………...91
5-6-2 衝擊破斷面觀察…………………………………………...92
5-7 雙道銲接熱模擬試驗…………………………………….……..94
5-7-1 雙道銲組織模擬試驗結果………………………………...94
5-7-2 雙道銲接熱模擬後之衝擊試驗結果……………………...95
5-7-3 雙道銲接熱模擬後之衝擊試片觀察……………………...96
第六章 結論及未來研究方向…………………………………………98
參考資料………………………………………………………..……..102
簡歷……………………………………………………………………106

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