臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

全球網際網路( Internet )應用孕育了電子商務新的交易方式，也由於電子商務具有流通迅速、無遠弗屆、成本低廉、全天開業等優點，其網路商機應用潛力無窮，成為企業與政府提昇國家生產力及競爭力的共同趨勢；另一方面由原來只強調產品「品質」與「價格滿意」的消費已被「彈性交貨」、「售後服務」、「即時回應之速度與效率」等電子化企業應用功能取而代之。然而企業在推行電子商務會因為本身的特性而改變其企業的組織結構及策略，而企業對企業間(B2B)的電子商務可以打破企業間的界線，並結合供應鏈間的合作關係與密切通路特質，可以支援企業應用電子化，致使產生更加的競爭利基與優勢。
因此，企業該如何善用電子商務及供應鏈管理將是未來的焦點挑戰，而「電子商務」及「供應鏈管理」目前雖受企業相當重視，但本土企業有關整合電子商務與供應鏈管理的研究卻很少，所以本研究目的：(1) 深入探討目前台灣企業實際使用電子商務與供應鏈管理狀況；(2) 針對台灣產業已建立電子商務及供應鏈管理的廠商作個案研究以及計量分析；(3)並如何結合此兩大要項在實務應用上；(4) 且建置電子商務與供應鏈管理實務應用架構。研究方法首先採用個案研究，再修正研究模式之後，接著進行第二階段之問卷調查與資料分析，最後再確認模式架構。
研究結果發現，台灣企業多半仍未施行電子化供應鏈管理，而企業電子化程度在服務流及資訊流方面偏高，施行電子商務對企業在供應商與顧客管理、庫存管理及通訊管道管理有較高程度的影響。台灣企業在施行電子化供應鏈管理所遭遇的瓶頸為，建置電子化供應鏈成本過高、缺乏電子化供應鏈技術能力、公司施行電子化供應鏈時員工的抗拒等，這些因素值得在未來從管理面及技術面加以探討與研究，再尋找出可行或替代的解決方案。希望能經由本研究的探討與比較，來了解這些成功施行電子化供應鏈管理之企業，在評估營運因素與實際採取的電子化策略模式，以提供其他產業在未來推行電子供應鏈管理時的營運策略和統籌規劃整合方向之建議。對後續研究者而言，可針對電子化企業規劃（e-ERP）與電子化供應鏈管理（e-SCM）及電子化顧客關係管理（e-CRM）等新興議題之整合研究，以進一步探討台灣企業電子化的未來實務發展之思考方向。

The Internet application of the new business/industry has been grown up which makes - the electronic commerce（EC）. The potentiality of the network business application is infinite under that the EC has speedily, no-distance, low-cost, and open around-the-clock that become a stream which rise production and competition of both business and government up. On the other hand, it is displaced to elastic give goods, service of bought speed-and-efficiency that original expenditure only accent product''s quality and content value. The construction of business/organization and strategy will be changed by itself characteristic when the EC be worked in a business. The EC of the B2B can break the boundaries between business/industry and business/industry. Thus, it will be mains challenge in the future that business how to use the EC and supply chain management (SCM). The EC and SCM are prized by business currently, but researches of vulgar business about converge the EC and SCM are very few. The purposes of this research are:
(1)Discussion of the use of EC and SCM in Taiwanese enterprises.
(2)Research into the enterprises that have already built EC and SCM systems, to determine how to converge them to gain synergistic advantage.
(3)To build the structure virtually that converge the EC and SCM to offer the business to use.
The related issues of EC and SCM for Taiwanese enterprises are investigated in this study. The results of the research are:
(1)The service flow and information flow is higher electronically than others in Taiwanese enterprises.
(2)The influences are higher in supplier/customer management, inventory management and channel management.
(3)When Taiwanese enterprises enforce e-SCM, they meet several difficulties: The cost of building e- SCM is too high. The enterprises are short of techniques. The employees put up a strong resistance when the enterprises enforce e-SCM.
These factors are worthwhile for us to survey to find the solution. In conclusion, enterprises must use and converge EC and SCM systems, so that they can win the corrival advantage. Survey of these factors may help enterprises converge e-ERP ,e-SCM ,and e-CRM systems to win competitive advantage.

目 錄
摘要……………………………………………………………….I
目次……………………………………………………………….V
表次……………………………………………………………….VII
圖次……………………………………………………………….VIII
第一章緒論
第一節研究背景與動機………………………………….1-1
第二節研究重要性與目的……………………………….1-2
第三節研究流程………………………………………….1-3
第二章文獻探討
第一節電子商務………………………………………….2-1
第二節供應鏈管理……………………………………….2-7
第三節電子商務 VS 供應鏈管理………………………2-16
第三章研究架構與方法
第一節研究架構………………………………………….3-1
第二節研究方法………………………………………….3-3
第四章個案研究
第一節個案公司的選擇………………………………….4-1
第二節個案研究：中鋼公司之電子化供應鏈管理……4-2
第五章研究模式與假設
第一節研究模式………………………………………….5-1
第二節研究變數………………………………………….5-4
第三節研究假設………………………………………….5-5
第四節研究抽樣資料蒐集……………………………….5-6
第五節資料分析與處理方法…………………………….5-6
第六章研究結果
第一節基本資料分析…………………………………….6-1
第二節個別概念分析…………………………………….6-5
第三節研究假設驗證…………………………………….6-12
第四節施行電子化供應鏈所遇到之困境……………….6-19
第七章結論與建議
第一節研究發現…………………………………………7-1
第二節研究結論………………………………………….7-3
第三節研究貢獻………………………………………….7-6
第四節後續研究建議…………………………………….7-7
參考文獻……………………………………………………….....1
附錄一 個案問卷………………………………………………...10
附錄二 郵寄問卷………………………………………………...13

1. Alavi ,M. and Carlson ,P. (1992),”A review of MIS Research and Disciplinary Development,” Journal Of Management Information System, Spring , Vol.8 ,No.4 ,pp45-62
2.Applegate, L.M., McFarlan, F.W., and McKenney, J.L.(1996), Corporate Information System Management: Text and Cases , Chicago: IRWIN.
3.Applegate, L. and Goagna , J. (1995),Electronic commerce : Opportunities and Trends . Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing
4.Applegate, L. (1995), Managing in a Information Age. Boston : Harvard Business School Publishing
5.Barnatt, C. (1995 ),“Office Space , Cyberspace and Virtual Organization,” Journal Of General Management ,Vol:20, No: 4 , pp79-91
6.Beyer, Marjorie. (1995), “Is There a Future for Management,” Nursing Management , Vol.26 , No: 1 , pp24-25
7.Bleecker, S. E . (1994),”The Virtual Organization,” Futurist, Vol:28, No:2 , pp9-14
8.Byrne, J. A.(1993) , “The Virtual Corporation,” Business Week, Feb. 8, pp98-102
9.Charles C. Poirier & Stephen E. Reiter，蔡翠旭譯，（1998），Supply Chain Optimization-強勢供應鏈，書華出版事業有限公司
10.Christonpher,Mnartin (1994), Logistics and Supply Chain Management ,Financial Times,Irwin
11.Collins Tony(1999); “Striking it big together,” Supply Management ,Vol 4 , Iss 18 ,Sep 9,pp.28-30
12.Contractor J. Farok ,and Lorange , Peter(1998)”Why should Firms Cooperate ? The Strategy and Economics Basis for Cooperative Ventures,” Cooterative stratyegies in International Business, Vol.2 ,No.1 pp3-30.
13.David L. Levy（1997） , ”Lean Production supply chain,” Sloan management Review., Vol.38 ,Iss.2 ,pp94-102
14.Davidow , W. H. and Malone ,M. S. (1995),The Virtual corporation Boston: Harvard Business School Publishing
15.Davis, G. B. and Olson, M. H. (1992) ,Management Information System, McGraw-Hill, Inc.
16.Davis, R. A. , Robert, E. M. and Shawnee K. V. (1995),Operation Management-Concept in Manufacturing and Service , West Publish
17.Davis, T. R. V. and Darling , B.L. (1995), “How Virtual Corporations Management The Performance of Contractoes:The Super Bakery case,” Organization Dynamics, Vol. 24 ,No.2 pp70-75
18.Eisenhaeds ,K.M.(1989),”Building Theories form case Study Reasearch ,” Academy of management Review, Vol.14 , No.4 , pp532-550
19.Ellram,L.M. (1991),” Supply Chain Management- The Industrial Organization Prespective,” International Journal of Physical Distribution &Logistics Management , Vol:21 , No:1 , pp13-22
20.Ellram,L.M. (1991),” Supply Chain Management” ,Internatoinal Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management ,Vol.21 ,Iss.1 , pp13-33 , pp57-58
21.Goldman, S. L., Nagel, R. and Preiss, K. Agile (1995),Competition And Virtual Organizations: strategies for Enriching the Customer. Van Nostrand Reinhold
22.Greene ,Alice H.(1994) , ” Supply chain of customer satisfaction,” Production and Inventoru management review &APICS News , Vol.11 ,Iss.4 ,Apr. pp24-25
23.Grenier, Roymond and Meters , George. (1995),Going Virtual : Moving Your Organization Into The 21st Century , New York: Prentice ,Inc.
24.Handy, C. (1994) ,“A Glimpse of The Invisible Organization,” Director , Vol.48 , No. 3 , pp40-50
25.Hau , L. Lee , V . Pandmanabhan and Seungjin Whang (1989),” Information distortion in a supply chain : the bullwhip effect,” Management Science , Vol. 43, No. 4 , pp1115-1135
26.Jon, Wu, Theresa Lin, Percy Deng, and George Lin(1997), An implementation of supply chain information integration in the semiconductor industry , IC Seminar , SEMI
27.Joseph Regina (1999) ," ''Netting'' effective e-commerce," Communication News, Vol.36 ,Iss.4 , pp48-49
28.Kalakota Ravi and Whinston Andrew (1995), Electrinic commerce :a management guild, Wesley Longman
29.Kalakota Ravi and Whinston Andrew (1999),e-Business Roadmap for Success,Wesley Longman
30.Lansdowne, B.(1998), ”Intra, Extra, Inter…IS It All the Same Net?” Leader”s Edge, Vol.1 , No.7 , pp.3-5
31.ØLipnack ,Jessica & Stamps (1997) ,virtual team :Reaching Across Space, Time ,and Organization with Technology, New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc.Ø
32.Lummus, Rhonda R., and Robert J. Vokurka(1999) , “Managing the demand chain through managing the information flow : capturing moments of information,” Production and Inventory Management Journal , Vol. 40 , No. 1 , pp441-443
33.Lucas, Henry C. Jr. and Baroudi , Jack . (1994), “The Role of Information Technology in Organization Design,” Journal Of Management Information System , Vol.10 ,No.4 , Spring, pp9-23
34.Malecki , M.H. (1999)，IBM Global Services, Consulting Group,產業電子化運籌管理研習營講義（1），行政院產業自動化及電子化推動小組，經濟部技術處
35.Maloney,Tomas (1998) , “Wanted :A Strategy For SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT,” Electronic Business, Vol.14 ,Iss.15 ,Aug 1. pp86-90
36.Mayer, John. (1995), “Support Shouldn’t Be This Tough,” Computer World , Vol.29 , No.4 , pp77-80
37.McGoon , Gliff. (1995), “10 year from Now,” Communication World , Vol .12 , No.1 , pp18-22
38.Morgan, Gareth (1989),Ride the Waves of Change: Developing Managerial Competencies for a Turbulent World , New York: Jossey-Bass Publishing
39.Mowshowitz, Abbe. (1994), “Virtual Organization : A Vision of Management in the Information Age,” Information Society , Vol.10 , No.4 , pp267-288
40.Network (1997),Wizards, ”Internet Domain Survey,” Jan. http://nw.com/zone/WWW/report.htm.
41.Page,M.(1989),”How to Sweeten Your Supply Chain,” Proceedings of BPICS Annual Congerence , Vol.5 , No.3 , pp21-26
42.Philip R.Thomas & Keneneth R.Martin，連雅慧、王強森譯（1998），Competitiveness Through Total Cycle Time-超時間競爭力，中國生產力中心。
43.Porter Michael E. and Fuller ,Mark B (1986) “Coalitions and Global trategy.”Competition in Global Industries , Vol.1 ,No.10 , pp.315~343
44.Porter Michael E.（1985）著／李明軒、邱如美合譯 (1999) ，Competitive Advantage／競爭優勢，天下遠見出版
45.Porter Michael E.（1980）,Competitive Strategy , The Free Press Publishing
46.Roy ,Mathew H.(1995),The Important of Cognitive Adaptability for Communicative Performance Across Cooperative Interactions, The Rhode Island University , PHD. Dissertation
47.Savage , Charles M . (1995),5th Generation Management : Co-Creating Through Virtual Enterprising, Dynamic Teaming , And Knowledge Networking, Butterworth-Heinnemann Inc., MA. USA.
48.Schwartz , E. I.,呂錦珍等譯(1999), Webonomics , 一個新名詞北後的無線商機 ,天下遠見出版社
49.Sheridan H John (1999) , “Managing the chain,” Industry Week, Vol.248 , Iss.16 ,Sep 6, pp.50-55
50.Smith , P. S. and Wolfe, P. M. (1995), “Implication of Client/sever System on the Virtual Corporation,” Computers and Industrial Engineering ,Vol. 29 ,No.2 , pp95-102
51.Stevens,Graham (1989),”Integrating the Supply Chain,” Internatoinal Journal of Physical Distribution and Materials Management ,Vol.19 , NO.8 , pp3-8
52.Tapscott(1997),Digital economy , NY : McGraw-Hill Inc
53.Tapscott D. Lowy A. , Ticoll D. （1999）, Blueprint to the Digital Economy : Creating wealth in the era of e-business , McGraw-Hill
54.Taylor（1996）,”Enterprise management-the logical integration of the supply chain,” Logistics Information Management , Vol.9 , No.2 , pp.16-21
55.Trapey ,Gulledge &Sumner(1999) ,”Transferring Information Technology in the Deffense Industry Supply Chain : The Role of Electronic Commerce Resource,” 資訊管理學報 ,Vol.6 , Iss.1 , pp16-30
56.Vickery, Caisson Moates. (1994),Virtual Oranizations: An Examination of StAnd Performance in Air Force Acquisition Teams, The Florida State University, PHD . Dissertation
57.Voss, H. (1996), “Virtual Organizations: The Future Is Now,” Strategy And Leadership. Vol.24 , No. 4, Jul./Aug. pp12-16
58.Warisse, Jeanine Marie. (1996) Communicative Implications of Implementing Telemedicine Technology : A Framework of Telecompetence , (Media Choice, Communicaion Technology), The Ohio state University , PHD. Dissertation
59.Yin, R. K. (1989), Case Study research Design and method , SAGE Publishing
60.Zakon, R.H.(1994), ”Hobbies,” Internet Timeline, Vol. 1 , No.4 ,pp58
61.Zikmund ,William G.(1997),Business research methods ,Chicage ,Dryden Press.
62.http://www.baylor.edu/baylor/misc/timeline.
63.http://www.find.org.tw/
64.http://www.webweek.com/97Mar24/infrastructure/domain.html.
65.Ø尤克強（1997），「管理個案研究方法評論」，資訊管理學報 ， vol:4 ， IS:1， pp.18Ø
66.Ø王瑞之（1996），「電子商務大未來」，資訊與電腦，9月，pp.66-72Ø
67.王志明（1999），「電子商務的廣度係於電腦化的深度」，電子時報
68.呂執中（1999） ，「網路世代下的策略運籌」，中衛簡訊，vol143，pp56-62
69.呂執中(1999)，「產業電子化的發展趨勢」，工業自動化期刊 ，Vol.15 ，pp44-48
70.Ø呂惠茹（1996），「虛擬組織型態與環境回應能耐關聯之研究」，政治大學科技管理所碩士論文Ø
71.Ø吳琮璠（1997），「個案管理研究方法」，資訊管理學報，vol.4，IS.1，pp.7Ø
72.Ø林朝賢、賴香菊（1995），「資訊高速公路在企業經營顧客服務上之應用研究」，第六屆資訊管理研討會論文集，pp.108。Ø
73.Ø林耀欽（1999），「EC對中小企業所造成的衝擊」，資訊與電腦，6月，pp48-52Ø
74.Ø周冠中（1997），「網路購物公司系統架構白皮書」，網路通訊，5月號， pp.84-87Ø
75.Ø周育亨（1997），「台灣卓越企業組織虛擬化程度之研究」，台灣大學商學所碩士論文Ø
76.Ø果云（1999），「供應鏈管理的現在與未來」，資訊與電腦，8月，pp.50-51Ø
77.果云（1999）「企業如何運用電子稍物賺錢」， 資訊與電腦，4月，pp.38-41
78.紀文章（1997），「Internet的應用與管理」，網路通訊， 5月，pp116-119
79.徐作聖（1999），「策略致勝」，遠流出版事業股份有限公司
80.徐作聖（1999），「國家創新系統與競爭力」，聯經出版事業公司
81.唐校慶（1998），「網路觀點的虛擬化組織模式建構之研究-以電子資訊業為例」，台灣大學商學所博士論文
82.莊振家（1993），「企業資訊的未來架構」，網路通訊， 1月，pp19-24
83.陳明德（1997）「建構虛擬企業：程序在造和電子商務研討會」，台北：台大慶齡工業研究中心
84.黃雲暉（1999），「從中小企業資訊應用看EC導入瓶頸」， 資訊與電腦，11月，pp43-47
85.黃靜蕙（1997），「國內高科技資訊產品流通供應鏈整合能力分析模式之個案」 ,台大博士論文
86.張光旭（1999），「產業電子化運籌管理之興起與未來」 ，中國工業工程學會88年度會論文集，pp48-60
87.張光旭，蘇子欽（2000），「電子化企業流程參考模式之建構」，第一屆電子化企業經營管理理論計實務研討會論文集，pp12-29
88.張光旭，陳惠良（2000），「電子化企業與供應鏈管理關聯性之研究」，第一屆電子化企業經營管理理論計實務研討會論文集，pp6-12
89.梁定澎（1997），「資訊管理方法總論」，資訊管理學報，vol:4，IS:1，pp.1
90.詹智強、羅偉碩（1999），「快速回應在物流供應鏈管理策略中的探討」，中興大學商業自動化研討會論文集，pp59-78
91.詹智強、羅偉碩（1998），「企業導入快速回應管理模式之探討-台灣精密機械業實例驗証」，中華民國工業工程學會87年度年會論文集，pp849-855
92.Ø蘇雄義（1999），「供應鏈管理國內外發展」，資訊與電腦，8月，pp.55-58Ø
93.謝清佳、吳琮璠(1998)，「資訊管理理論與實務」，三版，智冠文化事業有限公司