臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本研究測試及比較各橫斷面模型所檢測出來盈餘管理之顯著水準及檢定力，用其類似Brown and Warner (1980, 1985) 的模擬程序，且檢測公司有極端績效之樣本時產生的偏差所加入的控制變數。偵測盈餘管理的方式是加入人為已知的數額來測試檢定力。裁決性應計項目係數之估計採橫斷面季料資。主要測試橫斷面Jones模型與橫橫斷面Modified Jones模型，及其各自以資產報酬率或營運現金流量加入迴歸式中，與以資產報酬率或以營運現金流量作績效配對的模式，並且測試在各應計模型裡加入截距項之效果。
研究結果顯示，顯著水準的測試所有的模型的顯著水準都接近所設定的測試水準，亦即模型皆設定良好。Jones模型與其對應Modified Jones模型，其Modified Jones模型檢定力較Jones模型佳。收入操弄的檢定力方面顯示控制極端財務績效之變數是以CFO作績效配對最具檢定力。測試結果顯示績效配對法較變數加入迴歸式之方法較更具檢定力；控制的變數營運現金流量比資產報酬率更易偵測出盈餘管理。而資產報酬率變數加入模型其模型解釋力並未增加，對於偵測盈餘管理的檢定力也不佳。營運現金流量變數加入迴歸模型中當自變數與績效配對法比較，其模型解釋力上升，檢定力也較佳。有截距項的模型其模型的解釋能力較差，但偵測盈餘管理的檢定力較佳。本研究結果建議控制極端財務績效之變數採用營運現金流量比資產報酬率較易偵測出盈餘管理。

This study examines specification and power tests results of alternative remedies to detecting earnings management and control extreme performance problems in discretionary accrual estimation. We use a simulation procedure developed by Brown and Warner (1980, 1985) to assess the power of each model. The power of the models is based on the inclusion of an artificially induced amount of accruals manipulation and the assessment of the different models’ ability to detect it. We focus on the specification of cross-sectional models of expected accruals using quarterly as well as annual data. We examine the specification and power of tests based on the cross-sectional version of Jones and Modified Jones model ,we evaluated the effectiveness of including additional ROA or CFO regressor and performance matching on ROA or performance adjusted by CFO. We also include a constant in the estimation for competing typically does not include a constant in all of models.
Our results show the all of the models appear well specified when applied to a random sample of firm-quarter. In terms of power results indicate, in revenue manipulation uses control variable CFO is better than variable ROA .Performance matching is more powerful than adding ROA or CFO as an additional regressor to the accrual regression models. Our study in expense manipulation all of modes are insignificant. Including a constant in the estimation models has less explanation for models, but has more power than does not include a constant in models.

目錄
摘要 I
ABSTRACT II
致謝辭 III
第一章 緒論 6
第一節 研究動機與目的 6
第二節 研究方法 7
第三節 研究架構 8
第二章 文獻回顧 9
第一節 裁決性應計模型季資料 9
第二節 裁決性應計項目模式比較的文獻 12
第三章 研究方法 16
第一節 裁決性應計模型 16
第二節 研究設計 20
第三節 樣本選取 22
第四章 實證分析 24
第一節 敘述性統計資料 24
第二節 檢定模式之顯著水準(SPECIFICATION) 44
第三節 偵測盈餘管理的檢定力(POWER) 49
第五章 結論與建議 62
第一節 結論 62
第二節 建議 63
參考文獻 64
中文部份 64
英文部份 64
附錄 67


表目錄
表 1：樣本選取過程 22
表 2：各應計模型的敘述性統計 31
表 3：衡量裁決性應計項目的敘述性統計 40
表 4：各模型犯型Ⅰ錯誤的比例 45
表 5：模式之檢定力 51
表 6：模型變數之敘述性統計資料 66

中文部份
王脩斐，1997，「盈餘管理偵測模型之評估」，政治大學會計學系研究所.
吳壽山，蕭子誼與林昱成 ，2003，「運用橫斷面二階段迴歸檢定企業盈餘管理有效力之實證研究」，證券市場發展，15(3)：105-136.
陳育成與黃瓊瑤，2001，「臺灣資本市場盈餘預測與盈餘管理關連性之研究」，證券市場發展，13(2)：97-121.
陳錦村與葉雅薰，2002，「公司改組、監督機制與盈餘管理之研究」，會計評論34：1-29.
張文瀞，2001，「審計品質對上市公司盈餘管理之影響」，當代會計，2(2)：195-214.
張文瀞，周玲臺與林修葳，2001，「審計品質對維持前期盈餘績效公司盈餘管理行為影響之研究」，證券市場發展，13(2)： 31-70.
張文瀞，周玲臺與林修葳，2003，「審計品質與自願預測公司裁量性應計」，臺大管理論叢」、14(1)：1-46.
張文瀞，2003，「本益比與盈餘管理」，當代會計，4(1)：29-56.
張雅容，2002，「盈餘管理現金增資宣告的股市反應」，成功大學會計學系研究所.曾家璿，2005，「運用合併報表或母公司報表估計裁決性應計項目之研究」，中原大學會計學系研究所.
劉啟群，1999，「我國金融業會計損益項目季別分析：盈餘管理間接測試法」，會計評論：63-79.

英文部份
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Dechow, Patricia M., and Ilia D. Dichev. 2002. The quality of accruals and earnings: The role of accrual estimation errors. The Accounting Review , 77, 35-59.
Dechow, Patricia M., Scott A. Richardson, and Irem Tuna. 2003. Why Are Earnings Kinky? An Examination of the Earnings Management Explanation. Review of Accounting Studies , 8, no. 2-3:355-384.
Dechow, Patricia M., Richard G. Sloan, and Amy P. Sweeney. 1995. Detecting earnings management. The Accounting Review , 70, no. 2:193-225.
DeFond, Mark L., and James Jiambalvo. 1994. Debt convenant violation and manipulation of accruals. Journal of Accounting & Economics , 17, no. 1,2:145-176.
Erickson, Merle, and Shiing-wu Wang. 1999. Earnings management by acquiring firms in stock for stock merger. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 27, no. 2:149-176.
Guay, Wayne R., S. P. Kothari, and Ross L. Watts. 1996. A market-based evaluation of discretionary accrual models. Journal of Accounting Research, 34, 83-105.
Han, Jerry C. Y., and Shiing-wu Wang. 1998. Political costs and earnings management of oil companies during the 1990 Persian Gulf Crisis. The Accounting Review , 73, no. 1:103-117.
Healy, Paul. 1996. Discussion of a market-based evaluation of discretionary accrual models. Journal of Accounting Research, 34, 107.
Jaime, Jose J. A., and de Albornoz Noguer,Belen Gill. 2004. Specification and power of cross-sectional abnormal working capital accruals models in the Spanish context. European Accounting Review , 13, no. 1:73-104.
Jeter, Debra C., and Lakshmanan Shivakumar. 1999. Cross-sectional estimation of abnormal accruals using quarterly and annual data: Effectiveness in detecting event-specific earnings management. Accounting and Business Research, 29, no. 4:299-319.
Jones, Jennifer J. 1991. Earnings Management During Import Relief Investigations. Journal of Accounting Research, 29, no. 2:193-228.
Kasznik, Ron. 1999. On the association between voluntary disclosure and earnings management. Journal of Accounting Research, 37, no. 1:57-81.
Kothari, S. P., Andrew J. Leone, and Charles E. Wasley. 2005. Performance matched discretionary accrual measures. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 39, no. 1:163-197.
Larcker, David F., and Scott A. Richardson. 2004. Fees Paid to Audit Firms, Accrual Choices, and Corporate Governance. Journal of Accounting Research, 42, no. 3:625-658.
Louis, Henock, and Dahlia Robinson. 2005. Do managers credibly use accruals to signal private information? Evidence from the pricing of discretionary accruals around stock splits. Journal of Accounting & Economics, 39, no. 2:361-380.
Matsumoto, Dawn A. 2002. Management's incentives to avoid negative earnings surprises. The Accounting Review, 77, no. 3:483-514.
McNichols, Maureen F. 2003. Discussion of "Why are Earnings Kinky? An Examination of the Earnings Management Explanation". Review of Accounting Studies , 8, no. 2-3:385.
McNichols, Maureen F. 2000. Research design issues in earnings management studies. Journal of Accounting and Public Policy, 19, no. 4, 5:313-345.
Peasnell, K. V., P. F. Pope, and S. Young. 2000. Detecting earnings management using cross-sectional abnormal accruals models. Accounting and Business Research, 30, no. 4:313-326.
Rangan, Srinivasan. 1998. Earnings management and the performance of seasoned equity offerings. Journal of Financial Economics, 50, no. 1:101-122.
Teoh, Siew H., Ivo Welch, and T. J. Wong. 1998. Earnings management and the underperformance of seasoned equity offerings. Journal of Financial Economics, 50, no. 1:63-99.