臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

論文摘要
背景：世界衛生組織（World Health Organization）認為全球有5,000萬失智症者左右，每一年新增病例1,000萬。預估到2030年8,200萬失智症者，2050年1.52億失智症者。美國疾病預防中心（Centers for Disease Control and Prevention）認為美國在2018年支出Alzheimer’s disease等失智症的醫療健保、長期照護、安寧照護的費用大約2,770億美元，失智症者的親朋提供的無償護理達2,320億美元，預估2060年美國將有1,400萬失智症者。根據衛生福利部預測2022年台灣失智者人口30多萬人。
目的：本研究運用文獻計量學和可視化分析的方法，梳理了始於2010年1月1日迄於2021年12月31日失智症的研究趨勢，並對未來的研究歸納一些建議和方向。
方法：本研究運用文獻計量學和可視化分析的方法來分析失智症(dementia)及阿茲海默症(Alzheimer’s disease)的文獻。本研究使用 Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC)作為文獻收集數據庫。所有文獻於2022年11月05日下載完畢。使用Microsoft Excel進行發表年份、作者、隸屬機構、國家/地區、刊載期刊、期刊出版商、研究領域、Web of Science領域、文獻類型、贊助機構、文獻總引用次數之分析。使用VOSviewer可視化分析軟體用於分析及圖像化作者、隸屬機構、國家/地區和關鍵詞。
結果：自2010年1月1日始到2021年12月31日迄，發表失智症論文件總數達169,562 (100.00%)篇。發表908篇(0.54%)論文關於失智症最多作者是 Zetterberg H。加州大學系統以8,050 篇 (4.75%) 篇失智症論文排名第一隸屬機構。失智症論文數量排名第一的國家/地區是美國，發表55,349篇（32.6%）論文；發表論文數量第二多的國家/地區是Peoples R China論文數量為 19,839 (11.7%)。發表失智症文獻最多的期刊是Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease，刊出7,469論文。阿爾茨海默症協會是唯一支持失智症研究的非營利組織，其他九個主要資助機構都是政府機構。在VOSviewer中，Ronald C. Petersen是總連接強度最高的作者。加州大學舊金山分校和梅奧診所分別位列第一和第二高總連接強度組織。美國的總連接強度遠高於其他國家/地區。
結論：失智症的研究主要在神經科學神經病學的神經退化性疾病、老年病學老年醫學、臨床神經病學，發現失智症的病理生理，研究指出阿茲海默症的病理為細胞外類澱粉蛋白老年斑塊及磷酸化 tau 蛋白引起的神經纖維糾結，目前研究尚無逆轉阿茲海默症的治療方式及藥物，即使極少數經FDA批准的藥物能延緩認知障礙發展進程，但仍有安全性疑慮且仍須經過臨床4期的長期檢驗，且其藥物成本是否成為失智症確診者的沉重負擔。故而，β 淀粉样蛋白，蛋白，輕度認知障礙一直是研究重點。近期，神經系統小胶质细胞，人類染色體的基因六核苷酸重复，生物標誌，脑脊液等也成為研究主題。三地區，美國、歐洲、亞洲，對於失智症的研究合作也能促進失智症治療方式及藥物的蓬勃發展。
關鍵字：阿茲海默症、失智症、文獻計量學、可視化分析

Abstract
Background: According to the World Health Organization, there are about 50 million people with dementia in the world, with 10 million new cases every year. It is estimated that there will be 82 million people with dementia by 2030 and 152 million people with dementia by 2050. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United States spent about $277 billion on health care, long-term care, and palliative care for Alzheimer's disease and other dementias in 2018, and unpaid care provided by relatives and friends of people with dementia. It is estimated that there will be 14 million people with dementia in the United States by 2060. According to the forecast of the Ministry of Health and Welfare in 2022, the population of people with dementia in Taiwan will exceed 300,000.
Objective: This study uses bibliometrics and visual analysis methods to sort out the research trends of past research on dementia from 1 Jan. 2010 to 31 Dec. 2021 and put forward some suggestions and directions for future research.
Materials and Methods: This study used bibliometrics and visual analysis methods to analyze the literature on dementia and Alzheimer's disease. First, this study uses Web of Science Core Collection as a database for literature collection. To avoid the quantitative error caused by the daily update of WoSCC, all documents will be downloaded on November 05th, 2022. Finally, Microsoft Excel was used to perform the analysis of document month, author, affiliation, country/region, published journal, publisher, research field, Web of Science field, document type, sponsoring organization, and total citations of the document, while the visualization software Used to VOSviewer for analyzing and visualizing author, affiliation, country/region, and terms.
Results: The sum of number of documents on dementia from January 01, 2010, to December 31, 2021, is 169,562 (100.00%) documents. The author publishing the most documents on dementia with 908 (0.54%) works is Zetterberg H. University of California System with 8,050 (4.75%) documents on dementia ranks the most affiliation. The country/region with the 1st the greatest number of documents on dementia is the United States with 55,349 (32.6%) documents; the second greatest number of documents is Peoples R China with 19,839 (11.7%) documents. The journal that publishes the most documents on dementia is Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease with 7,469 (4.41%) works. Alzheimer's Association is the only nonprofit organization supporting research on dementia and all the other nine leading funding agencies are government agencies. In VOSviewer, Ronald C. Petersen is the author with the highly total link strength. University of California, San Francisco and the Mayo Clinic rank the first and second highly total link strength organizations respectively. The total link strength for USA is much higher than for other countries. “amyloid beta*” has the highest total link strength keyword plus.
Conclusions: Dementia research has been focused on discovering and establishing the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative dementias. Moreover, these studies are primarily from neuroscience neurodegenerative diseases, geriatrics, and clinical neurology. Furthermore, the pathology of Alzheimer's disease has been identified as extracellular amyloid beta protein plaques and neurofibrillary tangles caused by phosphorylated tau proteins. Therefore, amyloid beta, protein, and mild cognitive impairment have been the focus of research. Recently, neuroglia, human chromosomal hexanucleotide repeats, biomarkers, cerebrospinal fluid, and intestinal flora have also been the topic of research. Collaboration on dementia research in three zones, the U.S., Europe, and Asia, could also contribute to the flourishing of dementia treatment modalities and medications.
Keywords: Alzheimer's disease, Dementia, bibliometric analysis, visualization

Contents
誌謝 I
論文摘要 II
Abstract IV
Contents VII
List of Tables VIII
List of Figures X
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
Chapter 2 Literature Review 6
Chapter 3 Materials and Methods 25
Chapter 4 Results 39
Chapter 5 Discussion 101
Chapter 6 Conclusion 110
Reference 113

 
List of Tables

Table 2-2-1 Documents on Dementia with Bibliometric Analysis from 2010 to 2022 12
Table 3-2-1 Flowchart Symbols Description 26
Table 4-1-2-1 Authors publishing more than four hundred documents from 2010 to 2021 41
Table 4-1-2-2 Top Ten Group Authors publishing documents from 2010 to 2021 42
Table 4-1-3-1 The 10 Leading Affiliations most joined with authors on dementia between 2010 to 2021 43
Table 4-1-4-1 The TOP ten countries/regions shared documents on dementia from 2010 to 2021 45
Table 4-1-4-2 The four member regions in the United Kingdom 46
Table 4-1-4-3 The 27 member states in the European Union 46
Table 4-1-4-4 TOP countries/regions publishing documents on dementia for 4 consecutive 3 years 47
Table 4-1-5-1 The TOP 10 journals publishing documents on dementia 49
Table 4-1-6-1 The ten most publishers publishing documents on dementia 50
Table 4-1-7-1 The ten most Research Areas with documents on dementia 52
Table 4-1-8-1 The top ten Web of Science Categories related to documents on dementia 54
Table 4-1-9-1 All document types of documents on dementia 55
Table 4-1-10-1 The ten Funding Agencies with the most documents on dementia 58
Table 4-1-11-1 All languages written in documents on dementia 59
Table 4-1-12-1 The twenty most cited documents 60
Table 4-1-13-1 The 1.52.60 Dementia as an example 65
Table 4-1-13-2 Citation Topics Mesos with more than one thousand documents 66
Table 4-2-1-1 The 22 clusters for authors with their members whose total link strength are in top 100 in VOSviewer 69
Table 4-2-1-2 Top 20 verify selected authors in VOSviewer 71
Table 4-2-2-1 Characteristics of the members of the 10 clusters in VOSviewer 76
Table 4-2-2-2 Top 20 verify selected organizations in VOSviewer 78
Table 4-2-3-1 Top 20 verify selected countries in VOSviewer 83
Table 4-2-4-1 The number and member of the keywords in 8 clusters in VOSviewer 88
Table 4-2-4-2 Top 30 verify selected Keywords in total link strength in VOSviewer 89
Table 4-2-4-3 Research hotspot in the recent years in VOSviewer 92


 
List of Figures

Figure 1-1 Number of people living with dementia in 2019, 2030 and 2050 (in million) by country income group 2
Figure 1-2 Projected number of people with Alzheimer's Dementia in the U.S., by Age, from 2020 to 2060 (in millions) 3
Figure 2-1 1-a Taiwan Future Tech 7
Figure 2-1-1-b Taiwan Future Tech 7
Figure 2-1-1-c Taiwan Future Tech 8
Figure 2-1-1-d Taiwan Future Tech 8
Figure 2-2-1 85 documents on dementia with Bibliometrics published in 2010-2022 12
Figure 3-2-3-2 1 Research procedure of the study 26
Figure 3-2-2 The number of documents on dementia with searching different Topics from WoSCC from 2010 to 2021 27
Figure 3-2-3 The “Topic” search methodology on the Search webpage of WoSCC 28
Figure 3-3 1-a Logging into the VOSviewer software 29
Figure 3-3-1-b Create a map based on bibliographic data 29
Figure 3-3-1-c Read data from bibliographic database files 29
Figure 3-3-1-d Select documents database from WoSCC 30
Figure 3-3-1-e Import selected database 30
Figure 3 3-1-1-a Authors - Choose type of analysis and counting method 31
Figure 3-3-1-1-b Authors - Choose thresholds 31
Figure 3-3-1-1-c Authors – Choose number of authors 31
Figure 3-3-1-1-d Authors – Verify selected authors 31
Figure 3-3-1-1-e Authors – Unconnected Items 32
Figure 3-3-1-1-f Authors – Network Visualization 32
Figure 3-3-1-1-g Authors – Save Map 32
Figure 3-3-1-1-h Authors – Verify selected authors 32
Figure 3 3-2-1-a Organizations – Choose type of analysis and counting method 33
Figure 3-3-2-1-b Organizations – Choose thresholds 33
Figure 3-3-2-1-c Organizations – Choose number of organizations 33
Figure 3-3-2-1-d Organizations – Verify selected organization 33
Figure 3 3-3-1-a Countries – Choose type of analysis and counting method 34
Figure 3-3-3-1-b Countries – Choose thresholds 34
Figure 3-3-3-1-c Countries – Choose number of countries 34
Figure 3-3-3-1-d Countries – Verify selected countries 34
Figure 3 3-4-1-a KeyWords Plus – Choose type of analysis counting method 36
Figure 3-3-4-1-b KeyWords Plus – Choose threshold 36
Figure 3-3-4-1-c KeyWords Plus – Choose number of keywords 36
Figure 3-3-4-1-d KeyWords Plus – Verify selected keywords 36
Figure 3-3-4-1-e KeyWords Plus – Choose type of analysis and counting method after thesaurus 37
Figure 3-3-4-1-f KeyWords Plus – Choose threshold after thesaurus 37
Figure 3-3-4-1-g KeyWords Plus – Choose number of keywords after thesaurus 37
Figure 3-3-4-1-h KeyWords Plus – Verify selected keyword after thesaurus 37
Figure 4-1-1-1 The bar chart shows a significant quantitative growth since 2010 40
Figure 4-1-4-1 Numbers of documents on dementia by Country/Region 45
Figure 4-1-4-2 Numbers of documents on dementia by Country/Region for 4 consecutive 3 years 48
Figure 4-1-8-1 The top ten Web of Science Categories related to the documents on dementia 54
Figure 4-1-9-1 The ten most Web of Science Categories related to the documents on dementia 56
Figure 4-2-1-1-a Co-authors Network Visualization in VOSviewer 73
Figure 4-2-1-1-b Petersen, Ronald C. 73
Figure 4-2-1-1-c Jack, Clifford R., Jr. 73
Figure 4-2-1-1-d Blennow, Kaj 73
Figure 4-2-1-1-e Trojanowski, John Q. 73
Figure 4-2-1-1-f Zetterberg, Henrik 74
Figure 4-2-1-1-g Scheltens, Philip 74
Figure 4-2-1-2-a Co-authors Overlay Visualization in VOSviewer 74
Figure 4-2-1-2-b Blennow, Kaj 74
Figure 4-2-1-2-c Zetterberg, Henrik 74
Figure 4-2-1-3 Co-authors Density Visualization in VOSviewer 75
Figure 4-2-2-1-a The Organization Network Visualization from VOSviewer 79
Figure 4-2-2-1-b University of California, San Francisco 80
Figure 4-2-2-1-c Mayo Clinic 80
Figure 4-2-2-1-d University College London 80
Figure 4-2-2-1-e Karolinska Institutet 80
Figure 4-2-2-1-f The Organization Overlay Visualization from VOSviewer 80
Figure 4-2-2-1-g Harvard Medical School 81
Figure 4-2-2-1-g University College London 81
Figure 4-2-2-1-g University of Gothenburg 81
Figure 4-2-2-1-h Massachusetts General Hospital 81
Figure 4-2-2-2-i The Organization Density Visualization from VOSviewer 81
Figure 4-2-3-1-a The Country Network Visualization from VOSviewer 84
Figure 4-2-3-1-b USA 84
Figure 4-2-3-1-c England 84
Figure 4-2-3-1-d Germany 84
Figure 4-2-3-1-e People’s R China 84
Figure 4-2 3-2-a The Country Overlay Visualization from VOSviewer 85
Figure 4-2-3-2-b USA 85
Figure 4-2-3-2-c People’s R China 85
Figure 4-2-3-3 The Country Density Visualization from VOSviewer 86
Figure 4-2-4-1-a KeyWords Plus Network Visualization in VOSviewer 93
Figure 4-2-4-1-b KeyWords Plus Overlay Visualization in VOSviewer 94
Figure 4-2-4-1-c amyloid beta* Network Visualization 94
Figure 4-2-4-1-d amyloid beta* Overlay Visualization 94
Figure 4-2-4-1-e mild cognitive impairment Network Visualization 94
Figure 4-2-4-1-f mild cognitive impairment Overlay Visualization 94
Figure 4-2-4-1-g brain* Network Visualization 95
Figure 4-2-4-1-h brain* Overlay Visualization 95
Figure 4-2-4-1-i microglia Network Visualization 95
Figure 4-2-4-1-j microglia Overlay Visualization 95
Figure 4-2-4-1-k hexanucleotide repeat Network Visualization 95
Figure 4-2-4-1-l hexanucleotide repeat Overlay Visualization 95
Figure 4-2-4-1-m (bio)marker Network Visualization 96
Figure 4-2-4-1-n (bio)marker Overlay Visualization 96
Figure 4-2-4-1-o cerebrospinal-fluid Network Visualization 96
Figure 4-2-4-1-o KeyWords Plus Density Visualization in VOSviewer 96
Figure 4-2-4-1-p cerebrospinal-fluid Overlay Visualization 96
Figure 4-2-5-1-a 2010-2012 Density Visualization 97
Figure 4-2-5-1-b 2019-2021 Density Visualization 98
Figure 4-2-6-1-a Word art from top 10,000 article titles in 2010-2012 99
Figure 4-2-6-1-b Word art from top 10,000 article titles in 2019-2021 100

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