臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

國際化的影響造成跨文化溝通的熱烈需求，促進翻譯產業的活力。至目前為止鮮少研究著重在傳遞知識與資訊給讀者的雜誌翻譯。本研究旨在分析國家地理雜誌有關生態報導之英中翻譯策略，進而探討何種翻譯策略最常用或最少用於此資訊性文本，並且從2000年至2011年這段時間當中，翻譯策略是否有所變動。 Peter Newmark的語意翻譯與溝通翻譯 (1988b) 為本論文之理論基礎。總計24篇中文版文章，每月份取一篇用於本研究之比較與分析。劉宓慶 (民82) 與 葉子南 (民93) 之翻譯策略經過整合與根據資訊性文本之特性予以調整後為本研究分析之架構。研究結果顯示分切法的使用頻率即便從2001年的43% 銳減至2011年的23.6%，仍然是使用最頻繁之翻譯策略；反面著筆法的使用在2001與2011都不足1%，列為最少使用之翻譯策略。兩段時期相較，最常用與最少用之翻譯策略並無變動。本研究可協助學生了解應當在何種翻譯策略加以琢磨，也方便翻譯學者在翻譯此類文本時選用更有效率之策略。

Globalization has led to heavy demands on cross-cultural communication, which propels the dynamics of the translation industry. There has been little research concentrating on magazine translation which imparts knowledge and information to readers; hence, this study tries to investigate the English-Chinese translation renditions and strategies in the ecology section of National Geographic magazine. The research attempts to investigate which strategy benefits this type of text most and least, and whether there is any difference between the translation strategies employed in 2001 and those used in 2011. Peter Newmark’s Text-type approach (1988b) is the basis for the study. There are 24 Chinese target texts, one article per month, serving as the counterparts for the researcher to conduct comparison and analysis. Dr. Liu Miqing (1993) and Dr. Yeh Zinan’s (2004) translation strategies are integrated and modified by the researcher according to the characteristics of the type of informative text and formed as the categories of coding to conduct a text analysis. The results show that cutting benefits this informative text most in both 2001 and 2011 in spite of the drastic decrease of its share by roughly 20%, from 43% in 2001 to 23.6% in 2011; negation is used least, less than 1%, in both 2001 and 2011. The most and least applied strategies remain the same over the years. The analysis can help students focus on certain strategies in their translation practice, and facilitate professional translators’ decision making while translating such type of informative text in spite of the narrowly focused ecological topic.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chinese Abstract i
English Abstract iii
Table of contents v
List of tables viii
List of figures ix
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Introduction to National Geographic Society 3
1.1.1 Espoused values of National Geographic Society 5
1.1.2 Definition of ecology 6
1.2 Statement of problem 9
1.3 Purpose of the study 10
1.4 Research questions 10
1.5 Significance of the study 11
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW 12
2.1 What is translation? 12
2.2 Translation theories 13
2.2.1 Semantic Translation and Communicative Translation 14
2.2.2 Skopo theory 17
2.3 Text Type Approach 18
2.3.1 Expressive function 19
2.3.2 Informative function 19
2.3.3 Vocative function 20
2.3.4 Aesthetic function 20
2.3.5 Phatic function 20
2.3.6 Metalingual function 21
2.3.7 Text type analysis of the National Geographic magazine 21
2.4 Language difference between English and Chinese 22
2.4.1 Culture-specific concepts 24
2.4.2 The source-language concept is not lexicalized in the target language 25
2.4.3 The source-language word is semantically complex 25
2.4.4 The source and target languages make different distinctions in meaning 25
2.4.5 The target language lacks a superordinate 26
2.4.6 The target language lacks a specific term (hyponym) 26
2.4.7 Differences in physical or interpersonal perspective 27
2.4.8 Differences in expressive meaning 27
2.4.9 Differences in form 28
2.4.10 Differences in frequency and purpose of using specific forms 28
2.4.11 The use of loan words in the source text 28
2.5 Research conducted in Taiwan 29
2.6 Present-Day Translation Studies by Liu Miqing 32
2.6.1 Mechanism of interlingual transfer 33
2.6.1.1 The semiotics 33
2.6.1.2 Linguistic structure 34
2.6.1.3 Mechanism of regulation of thinking 36
2.6.1.4 Social function 36
2.6.2 Guidelines of interlingual transfer 37
2.6.3 Translatability 39
2.6.4 Process of translation 40
2.7 The Principles and Practices of English-Chinese Translation by Yeh Zinan 41
CHAPTER THREE METHODOLOGY 46
3.1 Material 46
3.2 Text analysis 48
3.3 Translation strategies 49
3.3.1 Synchronizing 50
3.3.3 Cutting 52
3.3.4 Converting 52
3.3.5 Amplification, omission and repetition 53
3.3.6 Negation 54
3.3.7 Division and combining 55
3.3.8 Substituting 56
3.4 Framework for analysis 57
CHAPTER FOUR RESULTS 58
4.1 Cutting 59
4.2 Amplification, omission, and repetition 61
4.3 Synchronizing 65
4.4 Converting 67
4.5 Shifting 70
4.6 Division and combining 73
4.7 Substituting 75
4.8 Negation 77
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION 82
5.1 Implications 83
5.2 Limitations 83
5.3 Suggestions 84
REFERENCES 85
English References 85
Appendix A Table of all Titles of Source Texts 91
Appendix B Source Text (September 2011) 93
Appendix C Target Text (September 2011) 99
Appendix D Source Text (June 2011) 102
Appendix E Target Text (June 2011) 110
Appendix F Source Text (February 2001) 114
Appendix G Target Text (February 2001) 118
Appendix H Source Text (November 2001) 120
Appendix I Target Text (November 2001) 125

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