小林達治，洪嘉謨，1988。光合作用細菌對水產業的效能與利用。中國水產，第428期，頁29-30。冉繁華，陳秀男，2006。益生菌在養殖管理系統的研發與應用。水產試驗所特刊，第8期，頁167-190。
李安韻，2003。豆乳之乳酸發酵及對4-Nitroquinoline-1-Oxide之抗致突變性。國立臺灣大學食品科技研究所碩士論文。李坤美、林應然，2005。益生菌在臨床上的使用。北市醫學雜誌 2, 410-422。汪碧涵，2004。台灣酵母菌多樣性之研究。行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告(NSC 93-2621-B-031-001)。
柯勇，2003。現代微生物學。藝軒出版，頁169-173。
張景盛，2003。益生菌對改善水質與抑制弧菌生長之影響。國立台灣海洋大學水產養殖研究所碩士論文。連普，2006。光合細菌對鯉魚消化功能及養殖環境影響的研究。山西省漁業環境監測中心。科學養魚期，頁42-43。
陳建初，1981。水質分析。頁86∼97。
黃姵馨，2011。CBM複合益生菌應用在水質改善及提升白蝦(Litopenaeus vannamei)免疫力。國立台灣海洋大學水產養殖研究所碩士論文。楊登傑，2011。益生菌醱酵技術建立與水質處理之應用。國立台灣海洋大學水產養殖研究所碩士論文。魏明奎，2007。微生物學。中國輕工業出版社。
Aiking, H., Sojka, G., 1979., Response of Rhodopseudomonas capsulate to illumination and growth rate in light-limited continuousculture. Bacteriology. 139, 530-536.
Allan, E.K., 1993., Distribution and activity of microorganisms in lake : effect of physical processes. Blackwell Scientific Publication, Boston.
Armstrong, D.A., Stephenson, J.J., Knight, A.W., 1976., Acute toxicity of nitrite to larvae of the giant Malaysian prawn, Macrobranchium rosenbergii. Aquaculture. 9, 39-46.
Atlas, R.M., Barthas, R., 1993., Microbial Ecology: Fundamentals and Applications. Benjamin-Cummings.
Austin, B., 1985., Antibiotic spollution from fish farm. Microbiol. Sci. 2, 117.
Austin, B., Stuckey, L.F., Robertson, P.A.W., Effendi, I., Griffith, D.R.W., 1995., A probiotic strain of Vibrio alginolyticus effective in reducing diseases caused by Aeromonas salmonicida, Vibrio anguillarum and Vibrio ordalii. J. Fish Dis. 18, 93–96.
Bergey, D.H., Holt, J.G., 1944., Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology. Baltimore : Williams &; Wilkins.
Bernat, K., Wojnowska-Baryła, I., 2007., Carbon source in aerobic denitrification. Biochem. Eng. 36, 116–122.
Braz, J., 2000., Gasoline biodegradation in different soil microcosms. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 31, 45-49.
Brierley, E., Wood, M., 2001., Heterotrophic nitrification in an acid soil: Isolation and characterization of a nitrifying bacterium. Soil Bio. Biochem. 33, 1403–1409.
Brown, C.M., Macdonald, D.S., Meers, J.F., 1974., Physiological aspects of microbial inorganic nitrogen metabolism. Adv. Microb. physiol. 11, 1-52.
Burrow, R.E., 1964., Effects of accumulated excretory products on hatchery-reared salmons. Bur. Sport. Fish. Wild. Res. Rep. 66, 12.
Camp, R.O.d., Streng, A., Mita, S.D., Cao, Q., Polone, E., Liu, W., Ammiraju, J.S.S., Kudrna, D., Wing, R., Untergasser, A., Bisseling, T., Geurts, R., 2010., LysM-Type Mycorrhizal Receptor Recruited for Rhizobium Symbiosis in Nonlegume Parasponia. Science 6019, 909–912.
Campbell, J.W., 1973., Nitrogen excretion. In: C.L. Prosser (Ed.) Comparative Animal Physiology, Philadelphia. p.279-316.
Chen, J.C., Kou, Y.Z., 1992., Effects of ammonia on growth and molting of Penaeus japonicus juveniles. Aquaculture 104, 249-260.
Chen, J.C., Liu, P.C., Lei, S.C., 1990., Toxicities of ammonia and nitrite to Penaeus Monodon adolescents. Aquaculture 89, 253-262.
Chin, T.S., Chen, J.C., 1987., Acute toxicity of ammonia to larve of the tiger prawn, Penaens monodon. Aquaculture 66, 247-253.
Chiu, Y.C., Lee, L.L., Chang, C.N., Chao, A.C., 2007. Control of carbon and ammonium ratio for simultaneous nitrification and denitrification in a sequencing batch bioreactor. Biodegrad. 59, 1-7.
Colt, J.E., Tchobanoglous, G.T., 1978., Evaluation of short-term toxicity of nitrogenous compounds to channel catfish, Ictalurud punctatus. Aquaculture 8, 209-224.
Cooper, P., Job, G., Green, M., Shutes, R., 1996., Reed beds and constructed wetlands for wastewater treatment. Medmenham, Marlow, UK: WRc.
Courvalin, P., 2006., Antibiotic resistance: the pros and cons of probiotics. Dig. Liver Dis. 38, 261–265.
Diep, C.N., Cam, P.M., Vung, N.H., Lai, T.T., My, N.T.X., 2009. Isolation of Pseudomonas stutzeri in wastewater of catfish fish-ponds in the Mekong Delta and its application for wastewater treatment. Bioresource Technol. 100, 3787-3791.
Glass, C., Silverstein, J., 1998., Denitrification kinetics of high nitrate concentration water: pH effect on inhibition and nitrite accumulation. Water Res. 32, 831–839.
Gram, L.J., Melchiorsen, B., Spanggaard, I., Huber and Nielsen, T.F., 1999., Inhibition of Vibiro anguillarum by Pseudomonas fluorescens AH2, a possible probiotic treatment of fish. Environ. Microiol. 65, 969-973.
Gupta, A., 1997., Thiosphaera pantotropha: A sulphur bacterium capable of simultaneous heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification. Enzyme Microb. technol. 21, 589–595.
Gupta, A.B., Gupta, S.K., 2001., Simultaneous carbon and nitrogen removal from high strength domestic wastewater in an aerobic RBC biofilm. Water Res. 35, 1714– 1722.
Joo, H.S., Hirai, M., Shoda, M., 2007., Improvement in ammonium removal efficiency in wastewater treatment by mixed culture of Alcaligenes faecalis No.4 and L1. Biosci. Bioeng. 103, 66–73.
Kadlec, R., Knight, R., 1996., Treatment wetlands., Florida:CRC Press.
Khin, T., Annachhatre, A.P., 2004., Novel microbial nitrogen removal processes. Biotechnol. 22, 519–532.
Kim, D.J., Lee, D.I., Keller, J., 2006., Effect of temperature and free ammonia on nitrification and nitrite accumulation in landfill leachate and analysis of its nitrifying bacterial community by FISH. Bioresour. Technol. 97, 459–468.
Kim, M., Jeong, S., Yoon, S.J., Cho, S.J., Kim, Y.H., Kim, M.J., Ryu, E.Y., Lee, S., 2008. . Aerobic denitrification of Pseudomonas putida AD-21 at different C/N ratios. Biosci. Bioeng. 106, 498–502.
Koops, H.P., Pommerening-Röser, A., 2001., Distribution and ecophysiology of the nitrifying bacteria emphasizing cultured species. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 37, 1-9.
Kulikowska, D., Joz´wiak, T., Kowal, P., Ciesielski, S., 2010., Municipal landfill leachate nitrification in RBC biofilm-process efficiency and molecular analysis of microbial structure. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 3400–3405.
Lalucat, J., Bennasar, A., Bosch, R., Garcia-Valdes, E., Palleron, N.J., 2006., Biology of Pseudomonas stutzeri. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70, 510–547.
Lang, E., Jagnow, G., 1986., Fungi of a forest soil nitrifying at low pH values. FEMS Microbial. Ecol. 38, 257-265.
Lee, Y.W., Ribinson, J.J., Cavanaugh, C.M., 1999. Pathway of inorganic nitrogen assimilation in chemoautotrophic bacteria-marine invertebrate symbioses：expression of host ans symbiont glutamine synthetase. Exp. Biol. 202, 289-300.
Liao, I.C., Kou, G.H., Chen, S.N., Lai, J.Y., 1985., Preliminary investigation on the diseases of cultured prawn in the Pingtung area. COA Fisheries NO. 4, Fish Dis. Res. (VII), 86-94.
Liao, P.D., Kayo, P.D., 1974., Intensified fish culture combining water reconditioning with pollution abatement. Aquaculture. 3, 61-85.
Lloyd, R., Orr, L.D., 1969., The diuretic response of rainbow trout to sublethal concentrations of ammonia. Water Res. 3, 335-344.
Mangum, C.P., Cilverthron, S.U., Harris, J.L., Towie, D.W., Krall, A.R., 1976., The relationship between blood PH, ammonia excretion and adaptation to low salinity in the blue crab callinectes sapidus. J. Exp. Zool. 195, 129-136.
Moreno-Vivia´n, C., Cabello, P., Martinez-Luque, M., Blasco, R. , Castillo, F.,1999. Prokaryotic nitrate reduction: molecular properties and functional distinction among bacterial nitrate reductases. J. Bacteriol. 181, 6573–6584.
Muldera, A., Graafb, A.A.V.d., Robertsonb, L.A., Kuenen, J.G., 1995., Anaerobic ammonium oxidation discovered in a denitrifying fluidized bed reactor. FEMS Microbiol. Ecol. 16, 177–183.
O'Mahony, M., Dobson, A., Barnes, J., Singleton, I., 2006., The use of ozone in the remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil. Chemosphere. 63, 307-314.
Okamoto, N., Hirotani, H., Sano, T., and Kobayashi, M., 1988., Antiviral activity of extracts of phototrophic bacteria to fish viruses. Nippon suisan Gakkaishi. 54, 2225–2231.
Olson, K.R., Fromm, P.O., 1971., Excretion of urea by two teleost exposed to different concentration of ambient ammonia. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 40A, 999-1007.
Papen, H., Von Berg, R., Hinkel, I., Thoene, B., Rennenberg, H., 1989., Heterotrophic nitrification by Alcaligenes faecalis: NO2, NO3, N2O, and NO production in exponentially growing cultures. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55, 2068–2072.
Patureau, D., Helloin, E., Rustrain, E., Bouchez, T., Delgenes, J.P., Moletta, R., 2001., Combined phosphate and nitrogen removal in a sequencing batch reactor using the aerobic denitrifier, Microvirgula aerodenitrificans. Water Res. 35, 189–197.
Paul, E., Clark, F., 1996., Soil microbiology and biochemistry. 2nd ed. San Diego, California: Academic Press.
Ram, N., Ulitzur, S., Avmmelech, Y., 1981., icrobial and chemical changes occueeing at the mud-water interface in experimental fish aquarium. Bamidgeh. 33, 71-87.
Rick, W.Y., Stuart, M., 2001., Microbial nitrogen cycles：physiology, genomics and applications. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 4, 307-312.
Rius, N., Carme, F., Guasp, C., Lalucat, J., Loren, J.G., 2001., Clonal population structure of Pseudomonas stutzeri, a species with exceptional genetic diversity. Bacteriol. 183, 736–744.
Robertson, L., Cornelisse, R., De Vos, P., R, H., Kuenen, J., 1989., Aerobic denitrification in various heterotrophic nitrifiers. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 56, 289–299.
Saeed, Z.N., Rezaei, M.H., Takami, G.A., Lovett, D.L., Mirvaghefi, A.R., Shakouri, M., 2006., The effect of Bacillus spp. bacteria used as probiotics on digestive enzyme activity, survival and growth in the indian white shrimp Fenneropenaeus indicus. Aquaculture. 252, 516-524.
Scholten, J.C.M., Stams, A.J.M., 1995., The effect of sulfate and nitrate on methane formation in a freshwater sediment. Antonie van Leeu. 68, 309-315.
Sedlak, R.I., 1991. Phosphorus and nitrogen removal fronm municipal wastewater. in: Sedlak, R.l. (Ed.). Lewis, New York.
Sikorski, J., Teschner, N., Wackernagel, W., 2002., Highly different levels of nature transformation are associated with genomic subgroups within a local population of Pseudomonas stutzeri from Soil. Appl. Environ Microbiol. 68, 865-873.
Stamps, D. J., Waterhouse, G. M., Newhook, F. J. &; Hall, G. S., 1990., Revised tabular key to the species of Phytophthora. Mycol. Pap. 162, 1-28.
Stewart, V., 1994., Regulation of nitrate and nitrite reductase synthesis in Enterobacteria. Ant. Van Leeu. 66, 37-45.
Su, J.J., Yeh, K.S., Tseng, P.W., 2006., A Strain of Pseudomonas sp. Isolated from Piggery Wastewater Treatment Systems with Heterotrophic Nitrification Capability in Taiwan. Cur. microbiol.. 53, 77-81.
Su, J.J., Liu, B.Y., Lin, J., Yang, C.P., 2001.-a. Isolation of an aerobic denitrifying bacterial strain NS-2 from the activated sludge of piggery wastewater treatment systems in Taiwan processing denitrification under 92% oxygen atmosphere. Appl. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 91, 853–860.
Su, J.J., Liu, B.Y., Liu, C.Y., 2001. Comparison of aerobic denitrification under pure oxygen atmosphere by Thiosphaera pantotropha ATCC 35512 and Pseudomonas stutzeri SU2 newly isolated from the activated sludge of a piggery wastewater treatment system. Appl. Microbiol. 90, 457–462.
Su, J.J., Liu, B.Y., Liu, C.Y., 2001. Comparison of aerobic denitrification under high oxygen atmosphere by Thiosphaera pantotropha ATCC 35512 and Pseudomonas stutzeri SU2 newly isolated from the activated sludge of a piggery wastewater treatment system. Appl. Microbiol. 90, 457–462.
Su, J.J., Liu, Y.L., Shu, F.J., Wu, J.F., 1997., Treatment of piggery wastewater by contact aeration treatment in coordination of three-step piggery wastewater treatment (TPWT) process in Taiwan. Environ. Sci. Health 32A, 55–73.
Tiedje, J.M., 1988., Ecology of denitrification and dissimlatory nitrate reduction to ammonium, New York.
Tseng, D.Y., Ho, P.L., Huang, S.Y., Cheng, S.C., Shiu, Y.L.,Chiu, C.S., 2009. Enhancement of immunity and disease resistance in the white shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei, by the probiotic, Bacillus subtilis E20. . Fish Shellfish Immunol. 26, 339-344.
Van Loosdrecht, M., Jetten, M., 1998., Microbiologic conversions in nitrogene removal. Water Sci. Technol. 38, 1-7.
Van Niel, C.B., Allen, M.B., 1952., A note on Pseudomonas stutzeri. Bacteriol. 64, 413–422.
Verschuere, l., Rombaut, g., Sorgeloos, p., Verstraete, w., 2000., Probiotic Bacteria as Biological Control Agents in Aquaculture. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64, 655–671.
Verschuere, L., Rombaut, G., Sorgeloos, P., Verstraete, W., 2000., Probiotic bacteria as biological control agents in aquaculture. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 64, 655-671.
Vymazal, J., 1995., Algae and element cycling in wetlands. Michigan:Lewis Publishers, Chelsea. p.689.
Wang, Y.B., Li, J.R., Lin, J., 2008., Probiotics in aquaculture: Challenges and outlook. Aquaculture 281, 1-4.
Ward, B., 1996., Nitrification and Denitrification: Probing the Nitrogen Cycle in Aquatic Environments. Microb. Ecol. 32, 247-261.
Weston, D.P., 1996., Environmental considerations in the use of antibacterial drugs in aquaculture. In: Aquaculture and Water Resources Management, Oxford: Blackwell Science 140-165.
Wrage, N., Velthof, G.L., van Beusichem, M.L., Oenema, O., 2001., Role of nitrifier denitrification in the production of nitrous oxide. Soil Biol. Biochem. 33, 1723–1732.
Yang, X.-P., Wang, S.-M., Zhang, D.-W., Zhou, L.-X., 2011., Isolation and nitrogen removal characteristics of an aerobic heterotrophic nitrifying–denitrifying bacterium, Bacillus subtilis A1. Bioresour. Technol. 102, 854-862.
Yeung, P.S.M., Sanders, M.E., Kitts, C.L., Cano, R., Tong, P.S., 2002., Species-specific identification of commercial probiotic strains. J. Dairy Sci. 85, 1039–1051.
Zhang, J.B., Wu, P.X., Hao, B., Yu, Z.N., 2011. Heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification by the bacterium Pseudomonas stutzeri YZN-001. Bioresource Technol. 102, 9866-9869.
Zhao, B., He, Y.L., Hughes, J., Zhang, X.F., 2010. Heterotrophic nitrogen removal by a newly isolated Acinetobacter calcoaceticus HNR. Bioresour. Technol. 101, 5194– 5200.
Zhou, g.q., Chen, b., Wu, w., 2004., Growth characteristic and denitrification activity of Pseudomonas stutzeri. Journal of Zhanjiang ocean university 24, 46-50.
Zur, O., 1981., Primary production in intensive fish ponds and complete organiccarbon balance in the ponds. Aquaculture 23, 197-210.