臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

拖板車和罐槽體拖車等大型運輸工具於傳統運輸產業不可或缺，不同產業所需要的拖車和罐槽體車體的規格以及型態幾乎皆有差異，因此這類大型車體的製造廠商必須提供高度客製化製造迎合客戶需求；另外，拖板車和罐槽體拖車的體積過於龐大，在生產方面主要以當地製造為主，並且在規格上也較容易以客製化方式符合拖車需求者之需求。這類的大型拖車車體製造行業在台灣也已有五十年的歷史，老牌大廠能與顧客長期合作，主要是其備受信賴並且規模龐大，具備完整的作業流程，因此能為提供客製化各式拖車產品；但這種傳統產業逐漸面臨管理、人員或是軟硬體設備等是否與時俱進的危機，以及競爭廠商的競價戰略。依前述發現，拖車及車載罐槽體製造商正面臨管理、設備、人才輪替以及外部競爭對手競價之危機，因此本研究對於大型運輸車體企業現已具有但未有系統化的作業單位，進行建立一套可行的標準化作業流程，標準化作業流程能優化企業能力，改善管理、設備和人才上的劣勢，並且降低製程上的支出、系統性的監控產品品質以及提升整體作業流程的效率，進而優化最終出產產品之性價，提高大型拖車及車載罐槽體製造商在競價上的能力。本研究以個案研究法與深入訪談方式進行，研究對象為拖板車和罐槽體車體製造產業中具有代表性之公司，根據受訪者之受訪內容，歸納建立出一套大型運輸車體製造之標準作業流程，為個案公司與相關行業提供實質參考，並有效優化企業作業流程之效率，改善車體製造商於市場上的競爭能力。

Large-scale transportation tools such as trailers and vehicle tank are indispensable in the traditional transportation industry. The specifications and types of trailers and tank bodies required by different industries are almost different. Therefore, the manufacture of such large-scale car bodies manufacturers must provide highly customized. Therefore, the manufacture of such large-scale car bodies manufacturers must provide highly customized manufacturing to meet customer needs. In addition, the size of the trailers and vehicle tank is too large, so the production is mainly based on local manufacturing, and it is easier to meet the customer's specifications in a customized way. This type of large-scale trailer body manufacturing industry has a history of 50 years in Taiwan. The long-term cooperation of established manufacturers with customers is mainly due to their trustworthiness, large scale, and complete operating procedures. Thus, provides a variety of customized trailer products. But, this traditional industry is gradually facing the crisis of whether management, personnel, software and hardware equipment are advancing with the times, as well as the bidding strategies of competing manufacturers. Based on the aforementioned findings, the trailer and vehicle tank body manufacturers are facing the crisis of management, equipment, talent rotation, and external competitors bidding. Therefore, this research establishes a set of feasible standardized operating procedures for large-scale transport vehicle companies which have had but not systematic operating units. Standardized operating procedures can optimize corporate capabilities, improve management, equipment and talent disadvantages, reduce process expenditures, systematically monitor product quality, and improve the efficiency of the overall operating process. Optimize the price of the final product, and improve the ability of manufacturers of large trailers and vehicle tanks in bidding. This research will be conducted by the method of case study and in-depth interviews. The research objects are representative companies in the trailers and vehicle tank body manufacturing industry. Based on the interviewed content of the interviewees, a set of standard operating procedure were established and summarized. The standard operating procedures of car body manufacturing provide substantial reference for the case company and related industries, and effectively optimize the efficiency of the enterprise's operating procedures, and improve the competitiveness of car body manufacturers in the market.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
謝誌 iii
目 錄 iv
圖目錄 vi
第一章　緒論 1
第一節　研究背景與動機 1
第二節　研究目的 3
第三節　研究流程 4
第二章　文獻探討 5
第一節　標準作業流程 5
第二節　客製化 7
第三章　研究方法 10
第一節　研究設計與方法 10
第二節　個案研究法 10
第三節　訪談大綱 11
第四節　個案公司簡介 12
第四章　研究結果與討論 15
第一節　實證分析結果 15
第二節　各單位部門之聯繫 22
第五章　結論與建議 24
第一節　建構個案公司之標準作業流程 24
第二節　研究建議 30
第三節　研究限制 31
參考文獻 32
圖1-1　研究流程圖 4
圖3-1　組織架構圖 14
圖5-1　接/訂單之標準作業流程圖 25
圖5-2　生產排程標準作業流程圖 26
圖5-3　製程之標準作業流程圖 28
圖5-4　品質管理之標準作業流程圖 29

張顯洋，鎮明常，陳春琴與張勝立，2000。標準作業程序於醫院品質改善之應用-以個案醫院檢驗部為例。慈濟醫學雜誌，第十二卷第一期：1-15.
財團法人車輛安全審驗中心，2018。創立宗旨。https://www.vscc.org.tw/Home/Content/509，搜尋日期：2021 年06 月30 日。
Yin與R. K.，2001。個案研究法（1994年），尚榮安譯。台北市︰弘智文化。
Ekotama, S. 2013. Cara Mudah Bikin Standard Operating Procedure. Penerbit: Media Presindo. Yogyakarta.
Gilmore, J. H., & Pine, B. J. 1997. The four faces of mass customization. Harvard business review, 75(1), 91-102.
Ganpule, P. 2016. Need of SOP in Building Construction Management.
Hughes, R. L, Ginnett, R. C., and Curphy, G. J. 2006，Leadership:Enhancing the lessons of experience, Boston: McGraw-Hill.
Hongdiyanto, C. 2017. The importance of production standard operating procedure in a family business company. In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering (Vol. 277, No. 1, p. 012024). IOP Publishing.
Jiang, K., Lee, H. L., & Seifert, R. W. 2006. Satisfying customer preferences via mass customization and mass production. IIE Transactions, 38(1), 25－38.
Kumar, P. P. 2005. Effective use of Gantt chart for managing large scale projects. Cost engineering, 47(7), 14.
Lampel, J., & Mintzberg, H. 1996. Customizing customization. Sloan management review, 38(1), 21-30.
Latief, Y., & Riantini, L. S. 2020, February. Standard operational procedure (SOP) auditing process in integrated management system to improve the efficiency of organizational performance. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 426, No. 1, p. 012018). IOP Publishing.
Ostrom, A., & Lacobucci, D. 1995. Consumer trade-offs and the evaluation of services. Journal of Marketing, 59(1), 17- 28.
Pine, B. J. 1993. Mass customizing products and services. Planning review.
REP, I. 2013. International Standardisation in the Field of Renewable Energy.
Resdiana, E., & Widyastuti, E. 2019. The Effectiveness Of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in Licensing Services in the Capital Investmen and Integrated Services. In Proceedings of the 1st International Conference on Business, Law And Pedagogy, ICBLP 2019. European Alliance for Innovation (EAI).
STEINER, N. 2015. STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOP) IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH SYSTEMS. Management in Health, 18(4).
Thompson, M., & Tracy, B. 2010. Now, Build a Great Business! 7 Ways to Maximize Your Profits in Any Market. Amacom Books.
Tambunan, R. M. 2013. Pedoman Penyusunan Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). Jakarta: Maiestas Publishing, 27-8.
Victorino, L., Verma, R., & Wardell, D. G. 2013. Script usage in standardized and customized service encounters: Implications for perceived service quality. Production and Operations Management, 22(3), 518-534.
Yin, R. K. 1994. Discovering the future of the case study. Method in evaluation research. Evaluation practice, 15(3), 283-290.
Yin, R. K. 2003. Designing case studies. Qualitative Research Methods, 359-386.