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研究生:陳佳明
研究生(外文):Chia-Ming Chen
論文名稱:臺灣產蟬蟹科分類及橢圓蟬蟹之生殖生態學研究
論文名稱(外文):Taxonomy of Hippidae and Reproductive Ecology of Hippa ovalis (A. Milne-Edwards, 1862) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura) in Taiwan
指導教授:何平合何平合引用關係
指導教授(外文):Ping-Ho Ho
學位類別:碩士
校院名稱:國立臺灣海洋大學
系所名稱:環境生物與漁業科學學系
學門:農業科學學門
學類:漁業學類
論文種類:學術論文
論文出版年:2010
畢業學年度:98
語文別:中文
論文頁數:115
中文關鍵詞:異尾下目、蟬蟹科、分類學、橢圓蟬蟹、生殖生態學
外文關鍵詞:Anomura、Hippidae、Taxonomy、Hippa ovalis、Reproductive Ecology
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摘要

  蟬蟹科屬於節肢動物門、軟甲綱、十足目之異尾下目,本研究整理發現臺灣產蟬蟹科種類共有2屬6種,其中蟬蟹屬佔5種,分別為:側指蟬蟹 Hippa adactyla Fabricius, 1787、神奇蟬蟹 Hippa admirabilis (Thallwitz, 1892)、大理石蟬蟹 Hippa marmorata (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846)、橢圓蟬蟹Hippa ovalis (A. Milne-Edwards, 1862) 及截額蟬蟹 Hippa truncatifrons (Miers, 1878),鞭足蟹屬則有1種:細鞭足蟹 Mastigochirus gracilis (Thallwitz, 1892),其中大理石蟬蟹為臺灣之新紀錄種。本論文詳細描述各種形態特徵,製作屬、種之檢索表,並附上線繪圖與拍攝彩色照片,以供後續相關學術研究之參考與利用。目前全世界已知蟬蟹共有27種,臺灣產蟬蟹科種類數佔全世界總種數的22.2 %,佔印度-西太平洋地區種數的35.2 %,為目前已知印度-西太平洋地區中具有蟬蟹種類數最高之區域。
  另本研究亦針對宜蘭縣南澳溪河口域潮間帶的橢圓蟬蟹進行生殖生態學研究,樣本採集時間自2008年11月至2009年12月,採得樣本總計有2029隻 (雌性1317隻,雄性712隻)。雌性頭胸甲長介於9.2~36.9 mm,平均21.8±3.6 mm;雄性介於11.0~26.1 mm,平均18.8±2.0 mm。變積分析結果顯示頭胸甲長與頭胸甲寬、體重之關係式在雌雄間差異顯著 (p < 0.05)。卡方檢定結果顯示各月別之性比皆與1:1之假設有顯著差異,雌性數目均高於雄性。推測橢圓蟬蟹為多次產卵型,且終年可產卵,主要生殖季節為5~10月,生殖高峰在6、7月。未發眼卵的抱卵數介於660~16817粒,平均卵徑為527±28 μm。雌性最小性成熟頭胸甲長為18.1 mm,雄性為16.0 mm。複迴歸分析結果顯示各項環境因子中影響橢圓蟬蟹生殖活動較為顯著的是氣溫。寄生在橢圓蟬蟹體內的寄生蟲為扁形動物門、絛蟲綱、錐吻目、混形絛蟲科之巨首鍊鼻絛蟲Halysiorhynchus macrocephalus (Shipley & Hornell, 1906) 幼蟲,此寄生蟲為臺灣之新紀錄種。橢圓蟬蟹生殖能力受到寄生蟲影響的情形並不明顯。
Abstract

  Hippidae belongs to the Infraorder Anomura, Order Decapoda, Class Malacostraca, Subphylum Crustacea. There are two genera and six species of hippid crabs of Taiwan in this study, including Hippa adactyla Fabricius, 1787, H. admirabilis (Thallwitz, 1892), H. marmorata (Hombron & Jacquinot, 1846), H. ovalis (A. Milne-Edwards, 1862), H. truncatifrons (Miers, 1878) and Mastigochirus gracilis (Thallwitz, 1892). H. marmorata is a new record from Taiwan. The morphological characters, identification keys, line drawings and color photographs of these species are provided as useful information for the studies in the future. There are approximately 27 known hippid species in the world. The hippids from Taiwan is about 22.2 % of the world or 35.2 % of the Indo-West Pacific. The hippid diversity of Taiwan is the highest in the Indo-West Pacific.
  The reproductive ecology of H. ovalis from the intertidal zone near the estuary of Nan-ao River, Yilan County was studied. A total of 2029 specimens (1317 females and 712 males) of H. ovalis were collected from November, 2008 to December, 2009. Carapace length of female ranged from 9.2 to 36.9 mm, with mean carapace length 21.8±3.6 mm. Carapace length of male ranged from 11.0 to 26.1 mm, with mean carapace length was 18.8±2.0 mm. There is significantly difference (p &lt; 0.05) in the ratios of carapace length and carapace width, carapace length and body weight between the sexs according to the analysis of covariance. The monthly sex ratios were significant difference (p &lt; 0.05) from 1:1 in Chi-square test. Females outnumbered males in each monthly sample. H. ovalis are multiple spawners and reproduce all year round. Its main reproductive season is from May to October, with a peak in June and July. The fecundity and mean egg diameter (non-eyed) were 660 to 16817 eggs and 527±28 μm, respectively. The carapace length at first sexual maturity of female was around 18.1 mm, and male was around 16.0 mm. The reproductive activity of H. ovalis was significantly affected by air temperature from the multiple regression analysis. H. ovalis were parasitized by Halysiorhynchus macrocephalus (Shipley & Hornell, 1906) larva which belongs to the Phylum Platyhelminthes, Class Cestoda, Order Trypanorhyncha, Family Mixodigmatidae. H. macrocephalus is a new record from Taiwan. There is no evidence showing that how the parasite affected the reproduction of its host, H. ovalis.
目錄
中文摘要......I
英文摘要......III
目錄......V

一、前言
 (一) 蟬蟹科概述......1
 (二) 蟬蟹科相關研究回顧......3
 (三) 研究目的......4

二、材料與方法
 (一) 標本來源及前置處理......6
 (二) 分類學研究......7
 (三) 橢圓蟬蟹之生殖生態學研究......8

三、結果
 (一) 分類描述 13
    蟬蟹總科 Superfamily Hippoidea Latreille, 1825......13
     蟬蟹科 Family Hippidae Latreille, 1825......14
      蟬蟹屬 Genus Hippa Fabricius, 1787......17
       側指蟬蟹Hippa adactyla Fabricius, 1787......18
       神奇蟬蟹 Hippa admirabilis (Thallwitz,
1892)......22
       大理石蟬蟹 Hippa marmorata (Hombron & Jacquinot,
  1846)......23
       橢圓蟬蟹 Hippa ovalis (A. Milne-Edwards,
1862)......27
       截額蟬蟹 Hippa truncatifrons (Miers,
1878)......30
      鞭足蟹屬 Genus Mastigochirus Miers, 1878......32
       細鞭足蟹 Mastigochirus gracilis (Thallwitz,
1892)......33
 (二) 橢圓蟬蟹之生殖生態學......35
  1、體型組成......35
  2、外部計量形質之關係......35
  3、性比......36
  4、生殖......37
  5、環境因子......40
  6、寄生蟲......41

四、討論
 (一) 分類學......43
  1、蟬蟹相與地理分布......43
  2、分類鑑定......44
 (二) 橢圓蟬蟹之生殖生態學......45
  1、成長......45
  2、性比......47
  3、生殖......48
  4、寄生蟲......51
  5、資源管理之建議......52

參考文獻......54
圖......73
表......103
彩色圖版......109
附錄......112
謝辭......114

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網路資料:
World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS) (2010).
網址 http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=158390
(引用日期: 2010年5月21日)

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