臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣天體主義社群開創亞洲天體主義意涵，發展亞洲模式的公共裸體和社交裸體。天體社群展現天體／著衣認同，台灣天體主義女性「雙重少數」處境，天體實踐者中生理女性為少數，生理女性中天體主義者亦為少數。為了解台灣天體女性，雙重少數處境和天體／著衣認同，省思台灣天體實踐的挑戰與出路，與父權著衣社會對話，本研究問題為：（一）台灣天體女性參加天體活動的身體經驗轉變為何？（二）台灣天體女性如何在台灣實踐天體認同？（三）台灣天體女性認知的天體主義意涵為何？

本研究執行裸體和著衣面對面深度訪談，實踐者背景呈現台灣天體女性組成，年齡分佈從國小學齡前至60歲以上，集中在50歲年齡層，以中年已婚和穩定伴侶關係的異性戀女性為主，又以年輕單身女性最少。台灣天體女性作為群體，有天體實踐的集體經驗，無天體女性的集體認同。

台灣天體社群代表天體論述、實踐和社群建立的天體烏托邦，體現天體主義去性意識化身體觀和性／別觀。然而脫掉衣服，穿上裸體，依然存在著衣社會和父權社會的性／別結構和意識形態，以及個人身份認同乘載的權力關係。如實踐者原有的觀念會影響如何認知天體實踐，天體實踐帶來的賦權和動能，延續至實踐者日常生活，有意識地以天體實踐者身份融入著衣主流社會。

Taiwan’s naturists have developed their own form of naturism that differs from the western model. In naturism the nude body is revealed in the flesh and a naturist identity is realised out of communal nudity and social interaction. This generic identity plays on a naturist/textile identity. When naturists “put on clothes” they simultaneously “conceal” their naturist identity, whilst “taking clothes off” equates to making their naturist identity “present”. As a “class” Taiwanese naturist women are a “double minority”, a minority among naturists and a minority among women as a whole. This study seeks to understand the double minority status of Taiwan’s naturist women and their naturist/textile identity and so reflect on the challenges and prospects for the realisaiton of naturism in Taiwan. It asks three questions: 1. What are their experiences? 2. How do they practice their naturist identity? 3. What constitutes Taiwanese naturist women’s identity?

16 in-depth interviews were conducted by the author in settings of both nudity and non-nudity, including nude participation in Taiwanese naturist camps and informal social activities. The study shows that naturist women in Taiwan have a collective experience but lack a collective identity as naturist women. Hence, for Taiwanese naturist women to be visible and vocal is to reflect modern society and gender theory with clothed, patriarchal, capital institution from a “new” perspective, a naturist standpoint that turns to nature for better future.

The connotations of naturist identity are diverse in the community, ranging from nude recreation to “true” naturism. While local naturist discourse strives to claim that naturism is everything but sex, the outside world considers it as nothing but sex. Naturist women are ambivalent toward naturist practice owing to the naturist closet and stigma which is especially marked in an Asian cultural context. Yet, naturist experience brings empowerment and agency that goes beyond nudity and extends to clothed daily life. The naturist utopia and clothed reality are interconnected and interdependent. Neither ideals nor values are simply removed when clothes are taken off. Rather they remain interrelated with or without nudity or textiles.

第一章　研究動機 1
第一節　雙重少數：台灣天體女性 1
第二節　穿脫隱現：天體／著衣認同 3
第二章　天體主義發展 7
第一節　世界天體主義 7
第二節　台灣天體活動 21
第三章　天體研究探討 35
第一節　亞洲天體研究：知行不一 35
第二節　世界天體研究：知行合一 37
第四章　研究方法 57
第一節　研究過程：如何進出田野 57
第二節　裸體或著衣：訪談形式與天體認同 58
第三節　她們是誰：實踐者背景介紹 65
第四節　反身自省：同為研究者與圈內人 72
第五章　研究分析 81
第一節　起承轉合：身體經驗轉變 81
第二節　在地行動：天體認同實踐 98
第三節　在地論述：天體認同意涵 122
第四節　身而不見：酷兒天體 129
第六章　結論 135
第一節　研究建議：未來天體研究與天體實踐 135
第二節　研究限制：身體、情慾與愉悅 144
第三節　研究結論：天體烏托邦與著衣現實 145
參考文獻 147
附錄一　實踐者訪談狀態 153
附錄二　實踐者稱號使用 154
附錄三　訪談說明與訪談問題 155
附錄四　台灣天體社群部落格資訊 159
附錄五　台灣本地天體語彙 160
附錄六　台灣天體活動場地 161
附錄七　台灣本地天體活動新聞報導 162
謝誌 167

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