臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本文提出以雙向推挽式轉換器之電池能量平衡轉換。此轉換器可分為降壓模式之電池組對電池堆充電、升壓模式之電池堆對電池組充電兩種能量傳遞模式。當降壓模式時，因電池組與電池堆之等效電壓差大，轉換器由電流控制器去建立充電電流，設定定電流控制，電壓差不足的時候，責任週期全開，充電電流由電壓差決定，當電壓充到控制器之設定值的時候，控制器箝制電壓，進入定電壓控制。升壓模式時，都有20A以下的定電流控制能力，當電壓充到控制器之設定值的時候，控制器箝制電壓，進入定電壓模式，達到電池平衡的目的。本文將時做電池平衡之雙向推挽式轉換器，驗證所提的電路架構對於電池平衡的可行性。

This essay states energy equilibrium conversion theory by bidirectional push-pull converter. This converter is divided into two kinds of power delivery mode that cell stack charged by cell pack under bucking mode and cell pack charged by cell stack under boosting mode. Under bucking mode, once the difference of equivalent voltage is huge between cell pack and cell stack,the current controller will build a charging current to set constant-current control for converter. Once the voltage difference is not enough,the duty cycle is full-opened. The charging current will be decided by voltage difference. Once the voltage is charged to the setting of controller, the controller will be clamping on voltage and ingress constant-voltage control. Under boosting mode, there has constant-current control capability under 20A. The controller will be clamping on voltage when the voltage is charged till the setting then ingress constant-voltage control to achieve the purpose of making the cell balanced. This essay will be implementing the feasibility of circuit architecture balancing cell by bidirectional push-pull converters.

摘要 I
Abstract II
致謝 III
目次 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 研究動機 1
1.2 論文大綱 2
第二章 電池探討和均充技術 3
2.1 電池種類及特性 3
2.1.1 前言 3
2.1.2 電池種類 4
2.1.3 電池特性比較 5
2.2 電池充電方法 7
2.2.1 定電壓充電法 7
2.2.2 定電流充電法 8
2.2.3 定電壓/定電流充電法 8
2.2.4 脈衝電流充電法 9
2.2.5 正負脈衝ReflexTM充電法 10
2.3.1 串聯均充技術 11
2.3.2 消耗型均充架構 11
2.3.3 電容均充架構 12
2.3.4 Cuk均充架構 13
2.3.5 電感型均充架構 14
2.3.6 奇偶數型均充架構 15
2.3.7 Flyback型均充架構 16
2.3.8 變壓器均充架構 17
第三章 雙向推挽式轉換器於電池平衡之應用 18
3.1 雙向推挽式電池平衡主架構 18
3.2 主電路拓樸架構 19
3.3 電路動作原理分析 20
電路符號註解： 21
3.3.1 高轉低之電池充電模式(H-L) 23
狀態一 [t0-t1]: 24
狀態二 [t1-t2]: 26
狀態三 [t2-t3]: 27
狀態四 [t3-t4]: 29
3.3.2 低轉高之電池充電模式(L-H) 30
狀態一 [t0-t1]: 31
狀態二 [t1-t2]: 33
狀態三 [t2-t3]: 34
狀態四 [t3-t4]: 36
第四章 控制器之設計 37
4.1 控制器之介紹 37
4.1.1 降壓型轉換器閉迴路控制器 37
4.1.2 降壓型轉換器補償器隔離控制 38
4.2 升壓型轉換器之控制 39
4.2.1 升壓型轉換器閉迴路控制器 39
4.2.2 升壓型轉換器補償器控制 40
4.3 結合降壓型升壓型轉換器之控制 41
4.3.1 降壓型+升壓型轉換器方塊控制圖 41
4.3.2 能量平衡轉換之邏輯控制 42
4.4 控制晶片與回授電路 44
4.4.1模組化PWM控制IC 44
4.4.2電流感測元件 47
4.4.3隔離驅動電路 47
4.4.4精密全波整流器 48
第五章 模擬與實驗結果 49
5.1 雙向推挽式轉換器於降壓、升壓模式之實驗結果 50
5.1.1 降壓模式之實驗波形圖 51
5.1.2 降壓模式之電壓差對充電電流之影響 55
5.1.3 升壓模式之實驗波形圖 56
5.2 能量平衡轉換之邏輯控制 60
5.2.1 H-L to L-H之邏輯控制 60
5.2.2 L-H to H-L之邏輯控制 65
5.3 雙向推挽式轉換器之實驗曲線圖 70
5.3.1 降壓模式CC/CV曲線圖 70
5.3.2 升壓模式CC/CV曲線圖 71
5.3.4 升壓模式之轉換器效率曲線圖 72
第六章 結論與未來研究方向 73
6.1 結論 73
6.2 未來研究方向 73
參考文獻 74

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