臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

1945年日本戰敗之後，在台日本人作家以及台灣作家各自面對了不同的「戰後」。然而由於政治、社會等諸多因素，在台日本人作家過往較少能夠進入學術的視野之中。因此本論文欲以「台灣引揚文學」為研究主題，針對在台日本人作家之生平以及作品進行梳理以及研究。首先，本研究直接使用日文漢字「引揚」，而非中文所對應之「遣返」，希望凸顯出1946年起從世界（多集中在東亞）至日本大規模人口移動之歷史特殊性。「引揚文學」的定義則取自朴裕河在所述：「引揚後作為『在日日本人』，自身卻強烈察覺自身的異鄉人性格」所產生的作品。基於上述，本文將其應用於台、日文學的脈絡之中，並將這類具有台灣（殖民地／外地）經驗所撰寫文學命名為「台灣引揚文學」。研究上主要以「作家論」以及「人際網絡」作為研究方法。內容上探討了戰後初期在台日本人的活動，包含引揚初期的西川滿如何進入日本中央文壇，以及留用日僑發行之《回覽雜誌》的意義。再者，以吉村敏、萬波教、小林井津志、大河原光廣四位作家為探討對象，除了對於生平進行詳盡地梳理，也從戰後的作品中，探討台灣／殖民地經驗對於他們的意義。最終，以北原政吉、本田晴光以及短歌雜誌《短歌新生》為例，分析在台日人作家如何以台灣時代的經驗為中心，於戰後延續、拓展的自身文學的人際網絡。最終本研究以《重返華麗島──台灣引揚文學研究》為題，關注在台日人作家的「戰後」。亦由於在台日人作家橫跨地域、時間以及國家等特殊經驗，本文期望以此為基礎，在台灣文學與日本近現代文學的研究之上，建立起「台灣引揚文學」的研究路徑，致使在台日人作家能夠重新受到評價。

This paper aims to investigate an alternative relationship between Japan and Taiwan through a group of Japanese writers who had lived in Taiwan during the colonial period and had experienced a mental and physical relocation due to Japan’s defeat in 1945. The relocation shaped a postwar experience and aesthetic distinct from those of Taiwanese writers. However, these Japanese writers have received relatively little attention owing to their ambiguous identity and political position. Through the framework of Taiwanese Hikiage Literature (台灣引揚文學), this dissertation intends to analyze their ambiguity and outline their potential connections with Taiwan. Adopting the Japanese term, Hikiage(引揚), rather than a Chinese term for repatriation(遣返), the study emphasizes the historical specificity of the large-scale population movements to Japan, mostly from other East Asian countries, after 1945. By Park Yu-ha’s (朴裕河) definition, Hikiage Literature is understood as literature written by repatriates who, despite returning to Japan, continued to perceive themselves as outsiders. This sense of detachment played an important role in Japanese repatriates from Taiwan. Their literary works and connections with others were all built on the basis of their experience in Taiwan. To specifically depict this physical and mental relocation from Taiwan to Japan, this dissertation uses the notion of Taiwanese Hikiage Literature. Using biographical analysis and social network analysis, the study first explores the activities of Japanese residents in Taiwan during the early postwar period, including how Nishikawa Mitsuru(西川滿) entered the central Japanese literary world in the early years of repatriation and the significance of Kairan Zasshi (回覽雜誌) published by retained Japanese residents (留用日僑). It then focuses on four writers, including Yoshimura Bin (吉村敏), Mannami Oshie (萬波教), Kobayashi Itsushi (小林井津志), and Ogawara Mitsuhiro (大河原光廣). By exploring their lives and literary works, the study will point out the interconnections between their creations and life experiences in Taiwan, a Japanese colony. Finally, through Kitahara Masayoshi (北原政吉), Honda Harumitsu (本田晴光), and the tanka magazine Tanka Shinsei (短歌新生), the dissertation analyzes how the Japanese repatriates in the postwar era continued and developed their literary networks, which had formed in Taiwan during the colonial period. By examining the postwar experiences of the Japanese repatriates from Taiwan, this study found that the relocation put them into an ambiguous position and constituted their unique experience. Therefore, the dissertation seeks to establish a framework for the study of Taiwanese Hikiage Literature within Taiwanese and modern Japanese literary studies, and to promote a renewed evaluation of these writers and their works.