臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

組織中引進新的資訊科技以增進效率是很常見的，而為了提高新系統之效益，對於使用者的接受行為的研究就顯得很重要。在科技接受行為研究領域中，已發展出相當多的理論摸式，但各理論模式的構念、變數以及因果關係卻各有不同。因此，本研究將各理論模式作一回顧整理，並配合實證產業之特性，篩選出三個適合本研究之整合模式：1.科技接受模式(TAM)，2.結合計畫行為理論與科技接受模式(C-TAM-TPB)，3.科技接受與使用統一理論(UTAUT)。
為驗證此三個整合模式及關鍵因素之適用性，本研究採用結構方程模式(SEM)作為分析工具，進行確認性因素分析、路徑分析、模式比較分析以及調節變項分析。研究對象為台北市停車管理處第一波使用PDA系統之收費管理員，並依照使用經驗的不同，在94年7月到11月間共進行四次的問卷發放。本研究共發放666份問卷，有效問卷回收604份。
分析結果顯示，在篩選出的科技接受行為理論模式中，對於行為意向及使用行為的影響因素，如預期績效、預期付出、社會影響、便利性以及使用態度傾向等皆獲得驗證為重要潛在影響構念。而在模式路徑分析及比較分析中，科技接受模式，C-TAM-TPB，UTAUT等模式對於實證產業都具有一定的適用性，但其中科技接受模式及UTAUT模式之適用性較佳。在調節變項的分析中則發現，使用者的使用經驗、性別及年齡會對模式中之多條路徑產生顯著調節作用，且多以女性以及年紀較輕的使用者影響關係較強。
在管理意函方面，為提高使用者對於新系統的使用行為意向，進而提高系統效益，主管單位在新系統導入的過程中，應加強教育訓練的質與量。除了提供完整且清楚的使用訓練外，也應讓使用者瞭解系統可帶來之效益，並在正式使用前增加練習使用的機會，如此可提高使用者對於系統的預期績效、預期付出、便利性等的知覺感受。其次，主管單位應增加對使用者的柔性或個別的使用宣導講解，以提升使用者的使用態度傾向以及降低主觀規範的負面影響。此外，因為對於年紀稍長及男性的使用者來說，其行為意向受到前導因素的影響較弱，因此，主管單位應針對這二種類型之使用者設計教育訓練課程或使用宣導，以提升整體的系統效益。

It’s very common that organizations introduce new information technology (IT) to enhance their benefit. In order to enhance the efficiency of the new IT, studies about the users’ acceptance and behavior are very important. There are numerous theories and models have been developed in the technology acceptance behavior study field. But the variables and the causal relationships among the numerous theory models are different. We select Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Combined TAM and Theory of Planned Behavior (C-TAM-TPB) and Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) which are suitable for this study by the literature review and the characteristic of the parking fee collecting industry.
In order to test the adaptability of the construct models, we use the SEM to analysis the collecting data by confirmatory factor analysis, path analysis, models compare analyze and moderators analyze. The objects of study are the Taipei Parking Management Office’s parking fee collectors. According to the difference of using experience, we handed out the questionnaires in July to November 2005. Granted 604 questionnaires altogether in this research, the effective questionnaires were 666.
According to the results of this study, expected performance, expected effort, social influence, facility condition and attitude toward behavior are very important constructs to the using behavior and behavior intention of technology acceptance. In the models compare analysis, TAM, C-TAM-TPB and UTAUT show certain degree of adaptability in the parking fee collecting industry, but TAM and UTAUT perform better. In the moderators analysis, the using experience, users’ gender and ages are significant moderators of these models.
In the management implication, in order to raise the using behavior intention and the benefit of the new system, the managemers should enhance the education and training quality and quantity. Making the users know how much benefit the new IT could bring in, and increase the practice chance before the adoption. Second, managemers should increase gentle or individual using explanations to decrease the negative effect of attitude toward behavior and social influence. Furthermore, the effects of the important constructs to behavior intention of the elder and male users are weaker. So, in order to enhance the integrated organization’s benefit, the managemers should design education and training programs or using explanations to these two type users.

目錄
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
致謝 IV
目錄 V
圖目錄 VII
表目錄 IX
第ㄧ章 緒論 1
1.1 研究背景與動機 1
1.2 研究目的 2
1.3 研究範圍與對象 3
1.4 研究流程 3
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2.1 路邊停車現況分析 5
2.1.1 路邊停車收費管理問題 5
2.1.2 電子化停車管理與PDA路邊停車收費系統 9
2.2 科技接受行為理論 12
2.2.1 理性行動理論 12
2.2.2 科技接受模式 13
2.2.3 計畫行為理論 16
2.2.4 結合計畫行為理論與科技接受模式 17
2.2.5 動機模式 18
2.2.6 個人電腦使用模式 19
2.2.7 創新擴散理論 22
2.2.8 社會認知理論 24
2.2.9 科技接受與使用統一理論 27
2.3 文獻評析 30
2.3.1 科技接受行為整合模式 30
2.3.2 模式之重要潛在構念 33
2.3.3 模式之重要調節變項 33
第三章 研究方法 38
3.1 研究模式 38
3.2 研究假說 40
3.3 研究變數 43
3.4 問卷設計 47
3.5 調查方法 50
3.6 驗證方法 51
第四章 研究結果 56
4.1樣本結構分析 56
4.1.1 有效問卷回收率 56
4.1.2 樣本結構 56
4.2敘述統計分析 57
4.3 問卷信度分析 60
4.4 模式驗證與適配分析 61
4.4.1 確認性因素分析 61
4.4.2 衡量模式之信、效度分析 71
4.4.3 路徑分析 75
4.5 模式比較分析 81
4.5.1 模式適配度指標分析 82
4.5.2 模式解釋能力分析 84
4.5.3 模式比較綜合結果 84
4.6調節變項分析 85
第五章 結論與建議 98
5.1 結論 98
5.2 建議 101
5.2.1 對主管單位管理之建議 101
5.2.2 對後續研究之建議 104
參考文獻 106
附件一(1)：台北市停管處訪談紀錄 111
附件一(2)：桃園市停管處訪談紀錄 112
附件一(3)：新竹市停管處訪談紀錄 114
附件二：問卷實測版 116
附件三：相關係數矩陣 117
附件四 (1)：TAM模式效度分析t值表 118
附件四 (2)：C-TAM-TPB模式效度分析t值表 119
附件四 (3)：UTAUT模式效度分析t值表 120
簡 歷 121

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