臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

為瞭解影響水稻幼苗耐冷性的遺傳因子，本研究使用耐冷水稻品種臺農67號(Oryza sativa L., cv. Tainung 67) 及不耐冷水稻品種臺中在來1號 (Oryza sativa L., cv. Taichung Native 1) 雜交所建立的BC1族群進行數量性狀基因座分析。為了找出兩品種間有關耐冷性最大的外表型差異以提高數量性狀基因座分析的統計檢定力，對臺農67號及臺中在來1號進行低溫處理，條件分別為5℃下處理1、3、5及7天，並回溫(30/25℃)7天後進行評估。發現兩品種水稻幼苗存活率於冷害處理5天之條件下差異最大。然而，F1外表型與兩親本顯著不同。經過冷害處理5天後，F1存活但生長嚴重受阻。因預期會在回交族群中觀察到F1的外表型，故使用耐冷性指數及恢復率而非存活率作為數量性狀基因座定位的外表型評估方式。本研究以71個SSR分子標記及109回交品系恢復率資料進行數量性狀基因座定位，在第11號染色體上定位到一主效數量性狀基因座，命名為qCT11，可解釋41.8%的外表型變異。

To understand the genetic factors for chilling tolerance at rice seedling stage, a BC1 population from the cross between a cold-tolerant cultivar TNG67 (Oryza sativa L., cv. Tainung 67) and a cold-sensitive cultivar TN1 (Oryza sativa L., cv. Taichung Native 1) were developed for QTL analysis. TNG67 and TN1 were treated with low temperature (5℃) for 1, 3, 5 and 7 days and scored 7 days after returning to normal temperature (30/25℃), in order to find the biggest phenotypic difference for chilling tolerance between two parental varieties to augment the statistical power for QTL analysis. The biggest difference of survival rate between TNG67 and TN1 was observed when rice seedlings were treated with low temperature for 5 days. However, the F1 individuals showed significantly different phenotype from both parents. The F1 individuals survived but showed seriously retarded growth after the treatment of 5-days low temperature. Because the phenotype of the F1 individuals was expected in the BC1 mapping population, cold tolerance index and recovery rate, instead of survival rate, were used as phenotypic measurements for QTL mapping. In this study, 71 SSR markers were used to identify quantitative trait loci associated with recovery rate at seedling stage in 109 BC1 lines. A major QTL was identified on chromosome 11, named as qCT11, which explained 41.8％ of the phenotypic variation.

中文摘要..................................I
ABSTRACT................................II
前言.....................................1
材料與方法................................5
品種簡介..................................5
定位族群的建立............................5
基因體DNA的萃取............................7
分子標記設計與分析..........................7
水稻幼苗栽培...............................8
低溫處理..................................9
親本存活率比較.............................9
F1外表型觀察..............................10
水稻幼苗耐冷性分析.........................10
連鎖圖譜的建立與數量性狀基因座定位............11
結果........................................12
兩親本及F1幼苗耐冷性分析....................12
回交族群之外表型分析........................12
連鎖圖譜..................................13
數量性狀基因座定位..........................14
討論........................................15
親本比較試驗...............................15
冷害外表型之評估............................15
數量性狀基因座qCT11.........................17
參考文獻.......................................19
圖一..........................................24
圖二..........................................25
圖三..........................................26
圖四..........................................27
圖五..........................................28
圖六..........................................29
圖七..........................................30
圖八..........................................31
圖九..........................................32
表一..........................................33
表二..........................................36
表三..........................................37
表四..........................................38
表五..........................................39

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