臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

一般人每天大部分的時間處於室內的環境中，而為了維持室內空間的舒適度，需藉由空調設備調節室內環境。而近年來民眾環保意識抬頭及對生活環境品質日漸要求，商場之公共場所為一般民眾時常進出之場所，若逢國定假日必定為商場帶來人潮，所以能夠提升室內環境的舒適度是商場必須的現況。民眾對於身處在室內空間的環境上，若有較差之空氣品質，民眾會直接產生不悅的感受，對心理健康造成極大之影響。
本研究之研究對象包含了台中市各大小商場，其選擇客層範圍較廣且較具代表性之場所，並以環保署室內空氣品質法公告第一批場所之商場為主要檢測的對象，包含百貨公司以及量販店。初步進行二氧化碳及甲醛之巡檢後，針對數值較高的場所執行室內空氣品質之監測，瞭解其場所其污染特性數值及推測污染來源，並藉以提出室內空氣品質改善措施，以有效改善商場空氣品質狀況。
二氧化碳濃度平均濃度約落於632 ppm至928 ppm，商場部分區域常有二氧化碳濃度較高之情況產生。甲醛濃度結果顯示百貨公司5處就有高達3處超過標準濃度，而量販店16處就有12處超過標準濃度。商場二氧化碳濃度超標之原因，多為民眾聚集密度過高、未引入適當之新鮮外氣、室內通風換氣率不足，導致室內二氧化碳濃度上升。從二氧化碳連續自動監測結果發現，尚未營業時因換氣設備尚未開啟導致濃度上升，當開啟設備後二氧化碳濃度明顯下降，而中午過後二氧化碳的濃度就隨著民眾的多寡而增減。
商場甲醛主要來源為呈列商品、清潔用品、化粧品專櫃以及室內裝潢等有關。而當商場內有污染源不斷地釋放甲醛及總揮發性有幾物(TVOC)時，即使通風良好也無法迅速的帶走污染物；因此污染源的管制為排除甲醛及TVOC的最好方法。

People spend most of the time in indoor area every day, and for maintaining indoor spacial comfortableness, the air-conditioning is necessary for regulating indoor environment. In recent years, as the public awareness of environmental protection rise and the increasing living environment quality requirements, the marketplace, a public site with masses in and out frequently will be crowed with people in national holidays must be improved in terms of its indoor environmental comfortableness. The public will feel unpleasant when there are in an indoor environment with suffocating air that will exert significant impacts on mental health.
The research subjects in this research include all representative marketplaces in Taichung with relatively extensive target customers and the first batch of marketplaces subject to Indoor Air Quality Rules released by Environmental Protection Administration (EPA) are the major inspection objects, including department stores and hypermarkets. After preliminary inspection on carbon dioxide and formaldehyde and the indoor air quality of sites with higher values are monitored to understand the pollution characteristics and speculate pollution sources, with which the corrective measures for indoor air quality are proposed to effectively improve the air quality status of the marketplaces.
The average carbon dioxide ranges from 632 ppm to 928 ppm and some parts of marketplace is often filled with higher concentration of carbon dioxide. The formaldehyde concentration demonstrates that three out of five department stores exceed the standard concentration, and twelve out of sixteen hypermarkets exceed the standard one. The excessive carbon dioxide concentration is arising out of exorbitant gather density, failure in bringing in fresh air, poor ventilation and air change which further lead to the rise of carbon dioxide concentration. From the continuous monitoring carbon dioxide results, the carbon dioxide concentration rises because the air regenerating devices are not opened yet under non-business hours. And the carbon dioxide concentration considerably drops after the devices are started up. In addition, the carbon dioxide concentration changes with the number of masses in the afternoon.
The displayed commodities, cleaning supplies, cosmetics and inside decorations are principal sources of formaldehyde in the marketplaces. Moreover, the excellent ventilation fails to bring away pollutants in timely manners. There are pollutants in the marketplaces that unceasingly release formaldehyde and Total Volatile Organic Compounds (TVOC); in consequence, control on pollution sources is the best solution for removing formaldehyde and TVOC.

摘要 i
Abstract ii
目錄 iii
圖目錄 v
表目錄 vii
第一章 前言 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2研究目的 2
第二章 文獻回顧 3
2.1室內空氣品質 3
2.2室內空氣污染物來源 3
2.3二氧化碳濃度與人體健康之關係 6
2.4甲醛濃度與人體健康之關係 7
2.5其他室內空氣品質污染物 8
2.5.1一氧化碳 8
2.5.2懸浮微粒 9
2.5.3臭氧 10
2.5.4總揮發性有機物 10
2.5.5真菌、細菌 11
2.6病態建築症候群簡介(Sick Building Syndrome) 12
2.7國內室內空氣品質法規推動現況 14
2.8國外室內空氣品質法規推動現況 22
第三章 研究方法 29
3.1研究對象 29
3.2檢測規劃及方式 29
3.3直讀式儀器檢測 31
3.4室內空氣品質環境監測 33
第四章 結果與討論 43
4.1各大商場室內空品巡檢結果 43
4.1.1二氧化碳結果分析 43
4.1.2二氧化碳與一氧化碳之關係結果分析 47
4.1.3甲醛污染物結果分析 51
4.1.4甲醛與總揮發性有機物及二氧化碳之關係結果分析 54
4.2室內空氣品質公告標準方法監測 59
4.2.1二氧化碳濃度24小時監測結果 60
4.2.2二氧化碳、一氧化碳、甲醛及總揮發性有機物結果分析 62
4.2.3二氧化碳與臭氧結果分析 66
4.2.4細菌與真菌結果分析 68
4.2.5懸浮微粒監測結果 71
4.2.6各污染物濃度相關性彙整 73
第五章 結論與建議 74
5.1結論 74
5.2建議 75
參考文獻 76

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