臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

台灣西部海岸有多處水力回填新生地所開發而成之濱海工業區，如彰濱工業區、雲林離島工業區。這些新生地之回填地層大多屬於疏鬆之粉土質細砂，復因濱海地區之高地下水位及頻仍的地震活動，此區域具有較高的液化潛能。當重要工程場址選定於新生地時，為了避免受到土壤液化的災害而造成重大損失，通常必須進行預定工址的土壤改良工程。
由於CPT具有快速、準確及重複(現)性高等優點，並且可取得近似連續的土壤剖面資料，亦有許多CPT為主的土壤液評估化方法可供選用，相當適用於動力夯實改良工程之成效檢核。動力夯實工法為一經濟、快速地盤改良工法，改良機制係採能量傳遞藉以增加土壤的緊密度。本文主要為提出CPT檢核的初步構想，並藉由台中港某基地之動力夯實改良工程案例，探討地盤改良前後CPT調查結果之差異及地盤改良對CPT土壤分類之影響，並評估地盤改良前後之液化潛能及改良後之檢核驗收檢討。
研究區未改良新生地之調查結果顯示，地表下20公尺以內大部份為砂性土壤，其中深度10公尺內則為錐尖阻抗較低的疏鬆土層，液化潛能分析結果發現此段土層之液化潛能甚高。動力夯實改良後之調查結果顯示，主要改良段(3~7公尺左右)之錐尖阻抗及摩擦阻抗均有明顯增加，而孔隙水壓大都降低或為負值，調查結果證明主要改良段之土層屬於較緊密之特性。由改良前較鄰近CPT調查孔資料之土壤分類結果比較，可發現土壤在分類圖表上之位置會往右上略為移動，顯示出過壓密比(OCR)增加之特性，但不會影響到砂性與黏性土壤之主要分類結果。本文提出CPT為主的動力夯實改良成效檢驗之應用初步構想，包括目標qc值、有效液化土層厚度、修正液化潛能指數等，可以合理適當的評估動力夯實改良成效。

Most coastal industrial parks in West-Taiwan were mainly conducted by hydraulic filling. Those reclamations are mainly composed of grey silty sand and/or sandy silt. The liquefaction potentials of saturated silty sand are high due to high ground water table and potentially large earthquake ground shaking. Before a important structure will be built here, the ground improvement project always need executed to prevent the disaster of liquefaction.
The Cone Penetration Testing (CPT) is a rapid, repeatable and accurate in-situ test and can get the near continuous soil profile data. Dynamic compaction was a simple, fast, and economic ground improvement method, and was common used at the hydraulic filling reclamation. The performance of the dynamic compaction improvement should be checked, and CPT is one of the most available evaluated method to be used.
According to the comparison of CPT soil classification results before and after dynamic compaction, the CPT soil classification result were not significant effect by dynamic compaction. But cone resistance and friction sleeve have obvious increased after the soil improved, and the liquefaction potential were lower. In this thesis, Cone resistance(qc), dominated liquefied soil thickness, probabilistic liquefaction potential index IL(P) were used to conducted the performance evaluated of the dynamic compaction improvement respectively. The case study showed that CPT data can be use suitable to evaluate the performance of the dynamic compaction improvement in a reclamation.

中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
誌謝 III
目 錄 IV
表目錄 VII
圖目錄 VIII
符號說明 X
第一章 緒論 1
1-1 研究動機與目的 1
1-2 研究流程 3
1-3 論文內容 4
第二章 文獻回顧 5
2-1 地層改良 5
2-1-1 改良工法 5
2-2 動力夯實工法 7
2-2-1 起源 7
2-2-2 改良機制 8
2-2-3 施工規劃 8
2-2-4 施工設計 8
2-2-5 影響參數 8
2-2-6 檢核 12
2-3 土壤液化 13
2-3-1 液化之定義 13
2-3-2 影響液化的因素 14
2-3-3 液化後所造成之破壞 15
2-4 液化潛能評估 16
2-4-1 反覆剪應力比(CSR) 20
2-4-2 Roberston&Wride(1998)液化潛能評估法 21
2-4-3 液化機率(PL) 28
2-4-4 液化潛能指數IL 30
2-4-5 機率式液化潛能指數(IL(m)) 31
第三章 研究區基本資料、研究內容 34
3-1 研究區基本資料 34
3-1-1 改良區位置34
3-1-2 區域地質概述 35
3-1-3地震資料 37
3-1-4地下水概述 37
3-1-5改良後之調查孔位 39
3-2研究內容 42
3-2-1CPT土壤分類判視之探討 42
3-2-2地改成效檢核之探討 43
第四章 調查結果與分析 47
4-1 前期調查 47
4-2 液化潛能評估 49
4-3 改良方法評估 51
4-4 改良後成效檢核 52
4-4-1改良後之調查 52
4-4-2CPT資料之變異 54
4-4-3CPT土壤分類狀況 56
4-4-4改良後液化潛能評估 61
4-5 驗收準則之檢討 63
4-6 目標值之訂定 64
4-6-1 FS=1時之目標qc值 65
4-6-2 PL=0.35時之目標qc值 68
4-6-3目標qc值訂定 69
4-7 薄夾層之影響 70
4-8 實際檢核之應用 71
4-8-1檢核一(FS=1) 71
4-8-2檢核二(PL=0.65) 73
4-9 IL與IL(P)之整體考量 75
第五章 結論與建議 78
5-1 結論 78
5-2 建議 79
文獻回顧 80
附錄 A 85
B 89
C 93
D 102

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