臺灣博碩士論文加值系統

本論文旨在研究由3D實體模型規劃曲面粗加工之直線式刀具路徑，其主要工作包括：(1)輪廓曲線的偏置(Offset)、(2)偏置曲線重疊部分的去除、及(3)粗加工刀具路徑之計算。
本論文採用由Spatial Technology, Inc.所發展的ACIS幾何核心程式(Geometric Kernel)來產生工件胚料的3D實體模型，以等高切削的方式，將工件胚料按照切削深度值切割成數個等高切削層，在每一層運用體積的布林運算消除邊界輪廓與島嶼輪廓偏置後重疊的非切削區域，以規劃可切削區域粗加工之直線式刀具路徑。除了粗加工以外，本研究亦考慮中加工，藉由另一較小直徑的刀具將未切除掉的體積再切除一次，以提高粗加工胚料體積移除率，並減少精加工刀具切削負荷。

This study aims to generate the cutter paths for rough machining of sculptured-surfaces based on the operation of 3D solid model. Specific tasks include (1) offset of boundary curves, (2) trimming of the overlap region of offset curves, and (3) calculation of cutter-paths.
ACIS geometric kernel is used in this study as the source of geometric model for the machined workpiece as well as the raw material. In terms of constant z-height cutting, geometric model of machined workpiece is sliced into several layers based on the value of depth of cut. In each sliced volume, Boolean operations are performed to eliminate the overlapping area of offsets from the workpiece boundary and the inside islands. The linear cutter-paths are then calculated based on the geometry obtained from the Boolean operations. Cutter-paths for semi-finishing are also taken into account in this research to eliminate the tool loading during the finishing operations.

中文摘要I
英文摘要II
誌 謝III
目 錄IV
圖表索引VII
第一章 緒論1
1.1 研究動機與目的1
1.2 研究方法與範圍2
1.3 論文架構3
第二章 系統工具與粗加工演算法5
2.1 ACIS的幾何資料結構5
2.2 曲面粗加工基本理論10
2.3 粗加工演算法的建立15
第三章 粗加工路徑18
3.1 粗加工演算流程18
3.2 建立加工移除體積20
3.3 決定切削平面24
3.4 切層與輪廓曲線偏置26
3.4.1 輪廓曲線線段類別27
3.4.2 規則曲線參數表示法29
3.4.3 自由曲線參數表示法31
3.4.4 輪廓曲線偏置33
3.5 建立路徑規劃區域輪廓38
3.6 產生粗加工刀具路徑50
3.6.1 擷取加工路徑端點資料50
3.6.2 直線式刀具路徑52
3.6.3 輪廓（Profile）刀具路徑53
第四章 清角刀具路徑56
4.1 清角加工演算流程57
4.2 建立路徑規劃體積58
4.2.1 建立粗加工移除之體積59
4.2.2 建立清角刀具半徑偏置演算之體積60
4.2.3 布林運算取得路徑規劃體積61
4.3決定切削平面61
第五章 系統程式之執行與結果64
5.1 實例一66
5.2 實例二74
5.3 實例三78
第六章 結論與未來研究方向81
參考文獻83
作者簡介86

1. Requicha, Aristides A. G., “Representation of rigid solids: theory, method and systems,” ACM Computing Surveys, Vol.20, No. 4, pp. 11-23 （1980）.
2. Chungwatana, W., “Automation in sculptured surface machining,” Master’s thesis, Univ. of Missouri at Rolla（1992）.
3. Choi, B. K. and Chang, T. C., “An approach to rough cut planning in die cavity machining,” Research Memorandum No. 89-7, School of IE, Purdue University, West Lafayette（1989）.
4. Hansen, A. and Arbab, F., “An algorithm for generation NC tool paths for arbitrarily shaped pockets with islands,” ACM Transaction on Graphics, Vol. 11, No. 2, pp. 152-182（1992）.
5. Persson, B. G. A., “NC machining of arbitrarily shaped pockets,” Computer Aided Design, Vol. 10, No. 3, pp.169-174（1978）.
6. Held, M., “Geopocket — A sophisticated computational geometry solution of geometrical am technological problems arising from pocket machining,” Computer Application in Production and Engineering, pp.283-293（1989）.
7. 朱進義，「適用螺旋狀刀具路徑的曲面數值控制程式設計系統」，碩士論文，中原大學，桃園（1994）。
8. 黃國祥，「模雕曲面加工的自動化」，碩士論文﹐國立台灣工業技術學院，台北（1994）。
9. Deshmukh, A. and Wang, H. P., “Tool path planning for NC milling of convex polygonal faces: minimization of non-cutting area,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 8, pp. 17-24,（1993）.
10. Tiller, W. and Hanson, E. G., “Offsets of two-dimensional profiles,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Application, Vol. 4, pp. 36-46,（1984）.
11. The ACIS online help user''s guide, Version 5.3, Spatial Technology Inc. USA ,（1999）.
12. Tiller, W., “Rational B-spline for curve and surface representation,” IEEE Computer Graphics and Application, Vol. 3, No. 6, pp. 61-69,（1983）.
13. Suh, Y. S. and Lee, K., “NC milling tool path generation for arbitrary pockets defined by sculptured surfaces,” Computer Aided Design, Vol. 22, No. 5, pp.273-284（1990）.
14. Wong, T. N. and Wong, K. W., “NC tool-path generation for arbitrary pockets with islands,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 12, pp. 174-179,（1996）.
15. Lin, A. C. and Gian, R., “A multiple-tool approach to rough machining of sculptured surfaces,” The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Vol. 15, pp. 387-396,（1999）.
16. Filip, D. J., “Determining the orientation of closed planar curves,” Computer Aided Design, Vol. 22, No. 7, pp.401-406（1990）.
17. 高銘和，「刀具切削路徑之規劃與有限元素網格之建立的研討與軟體開發」，碩士論文，中原大學，桃園（1996）。
18. 鄭裕仁，「含自由曲面之實體模型切割規劃-使用八分樹演算法」，碩士論文，元智工學院，桃園（1996）。
19. 劉海騰，「電腦輔助工件仿形製造之研究與軟體開發」，碩士論文，國立台灣工業技術學院，台北（1996）。